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84
racing.h
84
racing.h
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@ -5,62 +5,64 @@
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Licar: racing module
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This implements the racing physics and logic as well as replays and other
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related stuff. It's possible to use this module alone if one wants to
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implement a program that doesn't need graphics, I/O etc.
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This file implements the racing physics and logic as well as replays and other
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stuff related to racing itself. It's possible to use this module alone if one
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wants to implement a program that doesn't need graphics, I/O etc.
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Some comments:
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- This module uses tinyphysicsengine, a small and simple physics engine that
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uses "balls and springs" to model bodies (here the car) and kind of
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"signed distance functions" to model environment (the map). The car is
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strictly a soft body, but it's very "stiff" so that it behaves almost like
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a rigid body.
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- This module uses tinyphysicsengine (TPE), a small and simple physics engine
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that uses "balls and springs" to model bodies (here the car) and kind of
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"signed distance functions" to model the static environment (the map). The
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car is strictly a soft body, but it's very "stiff" so that it behaves almost
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like a rigid body. The car body consists of 5 joints (4 wheels and the
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body), the top down views looks like this:
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front
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(2)---(3) r
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l |\ /| i
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e | (4) | g
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f |/ \| h
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t (0)---(1) t
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rear
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- Replays are internally stored as follows: the replay consists of 16 bit
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words representing changes in input at specific frame. In lowest 4 bits the
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new input state is recorded, the remaining 12 bits record physics frame
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offset against the previous input change. If the 12 bits don't suffice
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because the offset is too big (input didn't change for more than 2^12
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frames), there must simply be inserted an extra word that just copies the
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ticks), there must simply be inserted an extra word that just copies the
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current input state.
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- Replay text format: first there are two characters saying the physics
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engine version, then immediately the name of the map terminated by ';', then
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hexadecimal hash of the map follows (exactly 8 characters), then blank
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character follows, then achieved time as a series of decimal digits
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expressing the physics frame at which the run finished, then the replay
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data, i.e. the series of 16 bit words in hexadecimal, each preceded by ':'.
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The events (but nothing else) may otherwise be preceeded or followed by
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other characters (possible comments). All hexadecimal letters must be
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lowercase. The word 00000000 may optinally be used to terminate the replay,
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the rest of the string will be ignored.
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expressing the physics tick at which the run finished, then the replay data,
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i.e. the series of 16 bit words in hexadecimal, each preceded by ':'. The
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events (but nothing else) may otherwise be preceded or followed by other
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characters (possible comments). All hexadecimal letters must be lowercase.
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The word 00000000 may optinally be used to terminate the replay, the rest of
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the string will be ignored.
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- Physics engine version: LCR_RACING_VERSION1 and LCR_RACING_VERSION2 define
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a two-character version string of this module that determines compatibility
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of replays. Whenever a change is made to this module that changes the
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behavior of physics, the version string must be changed because replays
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will stop being compatible. It's still possible to make other changes to
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this module (such as optimizations or comments) without having to change
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physics version.
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- The physics car body has joints numbered like this:
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front
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l (2)---(3) r
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e |\ /| i
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f | (4) | g
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t |/ \| h
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(0)---(1) t
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rear
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behavior of physics, the version string must be changed because replays will
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stop being compatible. It's still possible to make other changes to this
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module (such as optimizations or comments) without having to change physics
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version.
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*/
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typedef int32_t LCR_GameUnit; ///< abstract game unit
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typedef int32_t LCR_GameUnit; ///< Abstract game unit.
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#define LCR_RACING_FPS 30 /**< Physics FPS, i.e. the number of
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physics ticks per second. */
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#define LCR_RACING_TICK_MS \
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(100000 / (LCR_RACING_FPS * LCR_SETTING_TIME_MULTIPLIER))
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#define LCR_RACING_VERSION1 '0' ///< first part of physics eng. version
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#define LCR_RACING_VERSION2 '0' ///< second part of physics eng. version
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#define LCR_RACING_VERSION1 '0' ///< First part of physics eng. version.
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#define LCR_RACING_VERSION2 '0' ///< Second part of physics eng. version.
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#define LCR_GAME_UNIT 2048 ///< length of map square in LCR_GameUnits
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#define LCR_GAME_UNIT 2048 ///< Length of map square in LCR_GameUnits.
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#define LCR_RACING_INPUT_FORW 0x01
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#define LCR_RACING_INPUT_RIGHT 0x02
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@ -74,7 +76,7 @@ typedef int32_t LCR_GameUnit; ///< abstract game unit
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#define LCR_RACING_EVENT_ACCELERATOR 0x0010
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#define LCR_RACING_EVENT_FAN 0x0020
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#define LCR_PHYSICS_UNIT 4096 ///< len. of square for phys. engine
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#define LCR_PHYSICS_UNIT 4096 ///< Len. of square for phys. engine.
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/* The combination of values TPE_RESHAPE_TENSION_LIMIT and
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TPE_RESHAPE_ITERATIONS has crucial effect on the bugginess and feel of car
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@ -95,6 +97,12 @@ typedef int32_t LCR_GameUnit; ///< abstract game unit
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#define LCR_MODULE_NAME "race"
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/*
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What follows are carefully chosen and tuned physics constants, don't change
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them unless with a very good reason, as replay compatibility will be broken
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and bugs may start to appear. If physics changes, LCR_RACING_VERSION1 and
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LCR_RACING_VERSION2 must be changed to indicate the change.
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*/
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#define LCR_GRAVITY (LCR_PHYSICS_UNIT / 160)
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#define LCR_FAN_FORCE 4
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#define LCR_FAN_FORCE_DECREASE 6
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@ -107,8 +115,8 @@ typedef int32_t LCR_GameUnit; ///< abstract game unit
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#define LCR_CAR_ACCELERATION (LCR_PHYSICS_UNIT / 9)
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#define LCR_CAR_STEER_MAX (LCR_GAME_UNIT / 2)
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#define LCR_CAR_STEER_SPEED 50 ///< 0 to 64, lower is faster
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#define LCR_CAR_STEER_SLOWDOWN 64 ///< slows down steering at higher speeds
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#define LCR_CAR_STEER_SPEED 50 ///< 0 to 64, lower is faster.
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#define LCR_CAR_STEER_SLOWDOWN 64 ///< Slows down steering at higher speeds.
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#define LCR_CAR_ACCELERATOR_FACTOR 2
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#define LCR_CAR_WHEEL_AIR_ROTATION_SPEED (LCR_GAME_UNIT / 32)
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@ -121,7 +129,7 @@ typedef int32_t LCR_GameUnit; ///< abstract game unit
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#define LCR_CAR_GRASS_FACTOR 5
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#define LCR_CAR_DIRT_FACTOR 3
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#define LCR_CAR_ICE_FACTOR 1
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#define LCR_CAR_DRIFT_FACTOR 2 ///< only affects steering friction
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#define LCR_CAR_DRIFT_FACTOR 2 ///< Only affects steering friction.
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#define LCR_CAR_DRIFT_THRESHOLD_1 (LCR_GAME_UNIT / 10)
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#define LCR_CAR_DRIFT_THRESHOLD_0 (LCR_GAME_UNIT / 227)
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@ -129,7 +137,7 @@ typedef int32_t LCR_GameUnit; ///< abstract game unit
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#define LCR_CAR_JOINTS 5
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#define LCR_CAR_CONNECTIONS 10
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#define LCR_REPLAY_EVENT_END 0xff ///< special event fed to replay at the end
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#define LCR_REPLAY_EVENT_END 0xff ///< Special event fed to replay at the end.
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struct
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{
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@ -964,7 +972,7 @@ void _LCR_racingUpdateCarPosRot(void)
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}
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/**
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Initializes new run.
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Initializes a new run.
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*/
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void LCR_racingRestart(uint8_t replay)
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{
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