@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ A quite nice article on feminism can also be found on the [incel](incel.md) wiki
If anything's clear, then that feminism is not at all about gender equality but about hatred towards men. Firstly feminism is not called *gender equality movement* but *feminism*, i.e. for-female, and as we know, [name plays a huge role](name_is_important.md). To a feminist man is what a [jew](jew.md) was to the Nazi; the whole story is repeated again, we have yet again not learned a bit from our history. Indeed, women have historically been oppressed and needed support, but once women reach social equality -- which has basically already happened a long time ago now -- feminist movement will, if only by [social inertia](social_inertia.md), keep pursuing more advantages for women (what else should a movement called *feminism* do?), i.e. at this point the new goal has already become female superiority. In the age of capital no one is going to just dissolve a movement because it has already reached its goal, such a movement present political capital one will simply not throw out of window, so feminists will forever keep saying they're being oppressed and will forever keep inventing new bullshit issues to keep [fighting](fight_culture.md). Note for example that feminists care about things such as wage gap but of course absolutely don't give a damn about opposite direction inequality, such as men dying on average much younger than women etc. -- feminism cares about women, not equality. And of course, when men establish "men rights" movements, suddenly feminists see those as "fascist", "toxic" and "violent" and try to destroy such movements.
{ I really have no issues with women, I truly love everyone, but I do pay attention to statistics. One of the biggest things feminism achieved for me in this regard is that now it's simply not enough for me to see a woman achieve success in society to be convinced she is skilled or capable, a woman getting PhD to me nowadays automatically just means she got it because she's a woman and we need more quotas of "strong women in SCIENCE". In the past I didn't see it this way, a woman that did something notable a back then was mostly convincing to me. Nowadays I just require much better evidence to believe she is good at something, e.g. seeing something truly good she created -- to be honest, I now don't recall any woman in "modern times" to have convinced me, but I am really open to it and just waiting to be proven wrong. ~drummyfish }
{ I really have no issues with women, I truly love everyone, but I do pay attention to statistics. One of the biggest things feminism achieved for me in this regard is that now it's simply not enough for me to see a woman achieve success in society to be convinced she is skilled or capable, a woman getting PhD to me nowadays automatically just means she got it because she's a woman and we need more quotas of "strong women in SCIENCE". In the past I didn't see it this way, a woman that did something notable back then was mostly convincing to me. Nowadays I just require much better evidence to believe she is good at something, e.g. seeing something truly good she created -- to be honest, I now don't recall any woman in "modern times" to have convinced me, but I am really open to it and just waiting to be proven wrong. ~drummyfish }
Part of the success of feminism is also [capitalism](capitalism.md) -- women with priviledges, e.g. those of not having to work as much as men, are not accepted under capitalism; everyone has to be exploited as much as possible, everyone has to be a work slave. Therefore capitalist propaganda promotes ideas such as "women not having to work is oppression by men and something a woman should be ashamed of", which is of course laughable, but with enough brainwashing anything can be established, even the most ridiculous and obvious bullshit.
@ -115,6 +115,7 @@ This is a summary of some main guidelines on how an LRS supporter should behave
- **Search for [truth](truth.md)**. You won't find it easily, real truth is always censored and hidden (though often in plain sight), but you can train yourself to spot propaganda and see the red flags. You won't find truth through Google, use different sources, read old books, [encyclopedias](encyclopedia.md) and different points of view (e.g. contrast articles on [Wikipedia](wikipedia.md) with those on [Infogalactic](infogalactic.d)). Learn foreign and old langages such as [Latin](latin.md) so that you can read untranslated and first hand historical accounts. **Question EVERYTHING** (absolutely everything, even this statement). Do not fall into traps such as [pseudoskepticism](pseudoskepticism.md). Train your mind to think critically, avoid [shortcut thinking](shortcut_thinking.md), question your own biased beliefs and wishes.
- **Reject harmful things like [proprietary](proprietary.md) software, [capitalism](capitalism.md), [copyright](copyright.md), [bloat](bloat.md), [work](work.md) etc.** Use and promote the ethical equivalents, i.e. [free software](free_software.md), [free culture](free_culture.md), frugality, [anarchism](anarchism.md) etc.
- **[Don't argue with retards](cant_argue_with_idiot.md)** with the goal of convincing him or winning the argument so that you feel good (the meaning of retard here is not someone with low IQ but rather someone who isn't really open to the ideas or LRS, though these are mostly the same people). It's literally wasted time/energy and it's bad for your mental health, it leads nowhere and achieves nothing. You literally can NOT convince anyone who is not open to being convinced, it is impossible, even if you have 100000 mathematical proofs, real world evidence, literature supporting you and anything you can imagine, you cannot logically convince someone who doesn't know how logic works or someone who simply emotionally isn't ready to change his mind. NO, not even if he's an "intellectual", has PhD and Nobel Prize, if he doesn't wanna see the truth, you cannot help him. As it's been said, trying to argue with an idiot is like trying to win a chess game against a pidgeon -- even if you're the world chess champion, the pidgeon will just shit on the board and think it's won. If you spot a retard, just leave -- don't try to have the last word or anything, even admit him "victory" in the argument and leave him in his world of delusion where he is the unappreciated Einstein, just do not waste an extra second on him, just leave and go do something better. { So many such idiots I have met I can't even count it -- pure stupid peasant aren't even that bad, the wost are the "above averge" intelligence reddit atheists who think they're smart. I literally had such people argue like "you like games therefore competition in society is good because games are part of society therefore society equals competition". Truly I'm not sure if those bastards are just trolling me into suicide or are really so fucking dumb :D ~drummyfish }
- Similarly **avoid [toxic](toxic.md) communities**, don't argue, just leave, it's better to be alone than in bad company. Basically anything with a COC, language filter, SJW vibe, rainbow etc. isn't even more worth checking out.
- **Be a [generalist](generalism.md), see the big picture, study the whole world**, do not become overspecialized in the capitalist way. Sure you may become an expert at something, but it shouldn't make your view of the world too narrow. You may spend most of your time studying and programming computer compilers for example, but still do (and enjoy) other things, for example reading fiction, studying religions, languages, psychology, playing [go](go.md), making music, building houses, painting, doing sports, ...
Linux is a "[FOSS](foss.md)" [unix-like](unix_like.md) [operating system](operating_system.md) [kernel](kernel.md), probably the most successful and famous non-[proprietary](proprietary.md) kernel. Linux is NOT a whole operating system, only its basic part -- for a whole operating system more things need to be added, such as some kind of [user interface](ui.md) and actual user programs (so called [userland](userland.md)), and this is what [Linux distributions](linux_distro.md) do (there are dozens, maybe hundreds of these) -- Linux distributions, such as [Debian](debian.md), [Arch](arch.md) or [Ubuntu](ubuntu.md) are complete operating systems (but beware, most of them are not fully [FOSS](foss.md)). Linux is one of the biggest collaborative programming projects, as of now it has more than 15000 contributors.
Linux is a partially "[open-source](open_source.md)" [unix-like](unix_like.md) [operating system](operating_system.md) [kernel](kernel.md), probably the most successful "mostly FOSS" kernel. **Linux is NOT an operating system**, only its basic part -- for a whole operating system more things need to be added, such as some kind of [user interface](ui.md) and actual user programs (so called [userland](userland.md)), and this is what [Linux distributions](linux_distro.md) do (there hundreds of these) -- Linux distributions, such as [Debian](debian.md), [Arch](arch.md) or [Ubuntu](ubuntu.md) are complete operating systems (but beware, most of them are not fully [FOSS](foss.md)). Linux is one of the biggest collaborative programming projects, as of now it has more than 15000 contributors. Despite popular misconceptions **Linux is [proprietary](proprietary.md) software** by containing binary blobs -- completely free distributions have to use forks that remove these (see e.g. [Linux-libre](linux_libre.md)). Linux is also [tranny software](tranny_software.md), abusing technology as a vehicle for promoting [harmful politics](sjw.md).
Linux is written in the [C](c.md) language, specifically the old C89 standard, as of 2022 (there seem to be plans to switch to a newer version). This is of course good.
Linux is written in the [C](c.md) language, specifically the old C89 standard (which design-wise is very good), as of 2022 (there seem to be plans to switch to a newer version).
Linux is typically combined with a lot of [GNU](gnu.md) software and the [GNU](gnu.md) project (whose goal is to create a [free](free_software.md) OS) uses Linux as its official kernel, so in the wild we usually encounter the term [GNU/Linux](gnu_linux.md). Some people just can't be bothered to acknowledge the work of GNU and just call GNU/Linux systems "Linux" (without GNU/). Fuck them. Of course people are like "it's just a name bruh, don't be so mad about it" -- normally this may be true, however let's realize that GNU mustn't be forgotten, it is one of the few projects based on ethics while "Linux" is a shitty fascist tranny software hugely leaning to the business/open-source side. For the sake of showing our preference between those sides we at LRS often choose to call the system just GNU, i.e. by its original name.
Linux is typically combined with a lot of **[GNU](gnu.md)** software and the [GNU](gnu.md) project (whose goal is to create a [free](free_software.md) operating system) uses Linux (actually a [fork](fork.md) of it, called [Linux-libre](linux_libre.md)) as its official kernel, so in the wild we usually encounter the term **[GNU/Linux](gnu_linux.md)** or GNU+Linux to mean a whole operating system (basically a distro), though the system should really be called just GNU. Despite this most people still call these systems just "Linux", which is completely wrong and shows their misunderstanding of technology -- GNU is the whole operating system, it existed long before Linux, Linux joined GNU later to be integrated into it. Terms like "Linux kernel" also don't make sense, Linux IS a kernel, there is no need to add the word "kernel", it's like "John human" -- no need to add the word "human" here.
Linux is sometimes called [free as in freedom](free_software.md), however it is hardly deserving the label, it is more of an "[open-source](open_source.md)" or [FOSS](foss.md) project. **Linux is in many ways bad**, especially lately. Some reasons for this are:
Linux is sometimes called "[free as in freedom](free_software.md)", however that's a lie, it is at most a partially "[open-source](open_source.md)" or "[FOSS](foss.md)" project. **Linux is in many ways bad**, especially lately. Some reasons for this are:
- It actually includes [proprietary](proprietary.md) software in the form of [binary blobs](blob.md) ([drivers](drivers.md)). The [Linux-libre](linux_libre.md) project tries to fix this.
- It is [tranny software](tranny_software.md) and has a fascist [code of conduct](coc.md) (`linux/Documentation/process/code-of-conduct.rst`). Recently it started to even incorporate [Rust](rust.md).
- It is [tranny software](tranny_software.md) and has a fascist [code of conduct](coc.md) (`linux/Documentation/process/code-of-conduct.rst`). Recently it started to even incorporate [Rust](rust.md), getting shitty also by the technological side.
- Its development practices are [sus](sus.md), it is involved with many unethical corporations (through the [linux foundation](linux_foundation.md)) including [Microsoft](microsoft.md) (one of the greatest enemies of free software) who is trying to take control over it ([EEE](eee.md)), [Google](google.md), [Intel](intel.md), [IBM](ibm.md) and others. Such forces will inevitably shape it towards corporate interests.
- It is a monolithic kernel which goes against the [KISS](kiss.md) philosophy.
- It is [bloat](bloat.md) and [bloat monopoly](bloat_monopoly.md) and in some ways [capitalist software](capitalist_software.md) (just try to fork Linux, maintain it and add/modify actual features).
- It uses a restrictive [GPL](gpl.md) license as opposed to a permissive one. Also it doesn't really enforce its license legally -- we're not advocating legal battles, but the fact that they entertain a license and then don't use it indicates it may be there just for good image.
- It is [bloat](bloat.md) and [bloat monopoly](bloat_monopoly.md) and in some ways [capitalist software](capitalist_software.md) (just try to fork Linux on your own, maintain it and add/modify actual features).
- It uses a restrictive [copyleft](copyleft.md) [GPL](gpl.md) license as opposed to a permissive one.
Nevertheless, despite its mistakes, GNU/Linux offers a relatively comfy, powerful and (still) safe [Unix](unix.md)/[POSIX](posix.md) environment which means it can be drop-in replaced with another unix-like system without this causing you much trouble, so using GNU/Linux is at this point considered OK (until Microsoft completely seizes it at which point we migrate probably to [BSD](bsd.md) or [GNU Hurd](hurd.md)). It can be made fairly [minimal](minimalism.md) (see e.g. [KISS Linux](kiss_linux.md) and [Puppy Linux](puppy.md)) and [LRS](lrs.md)/[suckless](suckless.md) friendly.
Nevertheless, despite its mistakes and inevitable shitty future (it's just going to become "Windows 2.0" in a few years), nowadays (2023) GNU/Linux still offers a relatively comfy, powerful [Unix](unix.md)/[POSIX](posix.md) environment which means it can be drop-in replaced with another unix-like system without this causing you much trouble, so using GNU/Linux is at this point considered OK (until Microsoft completely seizes it at which point we migrate probably to [BSD](bsd.md), [GNU Hurd](hurd.md), [HyperbolaBSD](hyperbolabsd.md) or something). It can be made fairly [minimal](minimalism.md) (see e.g. [KISS Linux](kiss_linux.md) and [Puppy Linux](puppy.md)) and [LRS](lrs.md)/[suckless](suckless.md) friendly. It is in no way perfect but can serve as an acceptable temporary boat on the sail towards freedom, until it inevitably sinks by the weight of [capitalism](capitalism.md).
Linux is so called monolithic kernel and as such is more or less [bloat](bloat.md). However it "[just works](just_works.md)" and has a great [hardware](hardware.md) support so it wins many users over alternatives such as [BSD](bsd.md).
Some alternatives to Linux are:
Some alternatives to Linux (and Linux-libre) are:
- [GNU Hurd](hurd.md), an unfinished (but somewhat usable) kernel developed by [GNU](gnu.md) itself.
- [BSD](bsd.md) operating systems such as [FreeBSD](freebsd.md), [NetBSD](netbsd.md) and [OpenBSD](openbsd.md) (best from the [LRS](lrs.md) point of view)
- [BSD](bsd.md) operating systems such as [FreeBSD](freebsd.md), [NetBSD](netbsd.md) and [OpenBSD](openbsd.md) (probably best from the [LRS](lrs.md) point of view)
- [bare metal](bare_metal.md) UwU
- [HyperbolaBSD](hyperbolabsd.md)
- [Minix](minix.md)
- non-Unix systems like [FreeDOS](freedos.md) etc.?
- TODO: MOAR
## GNU/Linux
## Switching To GNU/Linux
Many people nowadays use the word *Linux* to refer to any operating system running on Linux, even though they usually mean [GNU](gnu.md)/Linux.
One of the basic mistakes of [noobs](noob.md) who just switched from [Windows](windows.md) to GNU/Linux is that they try to continue to do things the *Windows way*. They try to force-run Windows programs on GNU/Linux, they look for program installers on the web, they install [antiviruses](antivirus.md), they try to find a [GUI](gui.md) program for a thing that is solved with 2 lines of [shell](shell.md) script (and fail to find one), they keep [distro hoppoing](distro_hopping.md) instead of customizing their system etc. Many give up and then go around saying "brrruh, Loooonix sux" -- yes, it kind of does, but for other reasons. You're just using it wrong. Despite its corruption, it's still a [Unix](unix.md) system, you do things elegantly and simply, however these ways are naturally completely different from how ugly systems like Windows do them -- and how they nurture normal people to do them. If you want to convert an image from *png* to *jpg*, you don't need to download and crack a graphical program that takes 100 GB and installs ads on your system, you do it via a simple [command line tool](cli.md) -- don't be afraid of the [terminal](terminal.md), learn some basic commands, ask experiences people how they do it (not how to achieve the way you want to do it). Everyone single individual who learned it later thanked himself for doing it, so don't be stupid.
One of the basic mistakes of [noobs](noob.md) who just switched from [Windows](windows.md) to "Linux" is that they try to continue to do things the *Windows way*. They try to run Windows programs on "Linux", they look for program installers on the web, they install [antiviruses](antivirus.md), they try to find a [GUI](gui.md) program for a thing that is solved with 2 lines of [shell](shell.md) script (and fail to find one), they keep [distro hoppoing](distro_hopping.md) instead of customizing their system etc. Many give up and then go around saying "brrruh, Loooonix sux" -- yes, it kind of does, but for other reasons. You're just using it wrong. Despite its corruption, it's still a [Unix](unix.md) system, you do things elegantly and simply, however these ways are naturally completely different from how ugly systems like Windows do it. If you want to convert an image from *png* to *jpg*, you don't need to download and crack a graphical program that takes 100 GB and installs ads on your system, you do it via a simple [command line tool](cli.md) -- don't be afraid of the terminal, learn some basic commands, ask experiences people how they do it (not how to achieve the way you want to do it). Everyone single individual who learned it later thanked himself for doing it, so don't be stupid.
TODO: more
## History
{ Some history of Linux can be read in the biography of Linus Torvalds called *Just For Fun*. ~drummyfish }
Linux was created by [Linus Torvalds](linus_torvalds.md). He started the project in 1991 as a university student. He read a book about operating system design and [Unix](unix.md) and became fascinated with it. Then when he bought a new no-name PC (4 MB RAM, 33 MHz CPU), he install [Minix](minix.md) on it, a then-[proprietary](proprietary.md) [Unix-like](unix.md) operating system. He was frustrated about some features of Minix and started to write his own software such as terminal emulator, disk driver and [shell](shell.md), and he made it all [POSIX](posix.md) compliant. These slowly started to evolve into an OS kernel.
Linux was created by [Linus Torvalds](linus_torvalds.md). He started the project in 1991 as a university student. He read a book about operating system design and [Unix](unix.md) and became fascinated with it. Then when he bought a new no-name PC (4 MB RAM, 33 MHz CPU), he installed [Minix](minix.md) on it, a then-[proprietary](proprietary.md) [Unix-like](unix.md) operating system. He was frustrated about some features of Minix and started to write his own software such as terminal emulator, disk driver and [shell](shell.md), and he made it all [POSIX](posix.md) compliant. These slowly started to evolve into an OS kernel.
Linus originally wanted to name the project *Freax*, thinking *Linux* would sound too self-centered. However the admin of an FTP server that hosted the files renamed it to *Linux*, and the name stuck.
Linus originally wanted to name the project *Freax*, thinking *Linux* would sound too self-centered (it would). However the admin of an FTP server that hosted the files renamed it to *Linux*, and the name stuck (and it still sounds [self-centered](egoism.md)).
On 25 August 1991 he made the famous public announcement of Linux on [Usenet](usenet.md) in which he claimed it was just a hobby project and that it "wouldn't be big and professional as [GNU](gnu.md)". In November 1991 Linux became [self-hosted](self_hosting.md) with the version 0.10 -- by the time a number of people were already using it and working on it. In 1992, with version 0.12, Linux became [free software](free_software.md) with the adoption of the [GPL](gpl.md) license.
On 25 August 1991 { One year plus one day after I was born :D ~drummyfish } he made the famous public announcement of Linux on [Usenet](usenet.md) in which he claimed it was just a hobby project and that it "wouldn't be big and professional as [GNU](gnu.md)". In November 1991 Linux became [self-hosted](self_hosting.md) with the version 0.10 -- by the time a number of people were already using it and working on it. In 1992, with version 0.12, Linux became [free software](free_software.md) with the adoption of the [GPL](gpl.md) license.
On 14 March 1994 Linux 1.0 -- a fully functional version -- was released.
@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ Note that even things such as music/sound samples, text fonts or paint brushes m
Also **you must NOT use anything under [fair use](fair_use.md)**! Even though you could lawfully use someone else's copyrighted work under fair use, inclusion of such material would, by the fair use rules, limit what others would be able to do with your work, making it restricted and therefore not public domain. Example: you can probably write a noncommercial Harry Potter fan fiction and share it with friends on the internet because that's fair use, however this fan fiction can never be public domain because it can't e.g. be used commercially, that would no longer fall under fair use, i.e. there is a non-commercial-use-only restriction burdening your work. It doesn't even help if you get an explicit permission to use a copyrighted work in your work unless such permission grants all the right to everyone (not just your work). { I got a mascot removed from [SuperTuxKart](supertuxkart.md) by this argument, mere author's permission to use his work isn't enough to make it free as in freedom. ~drummyfish }
Also **do NOT USE [AI](ai.md)**, not even for things like upscaling and enhancements. NO JUST DO NOT. NO, your argument is invalid, just DO NOT USE IT. In theory it may be legit, but there's just huge amount of doubt, uncertainty and legal mess. To name a few potential issues: AI may create a derivative work of something it has seen in its training dataset (which even if "open"-licensed still may contain material of non-free things that may be legal in the context of the dataset but not in the context of the generated result, e.g. "freedom of panorama"), the copyright status of AI works themselves is not as of yet clear and even once it's established, it may differ by country AND there is a danger of retroactive changes (once it becomes too easy to create PD works with AI capitalists can just push a law that will say AI can't be used for this because "[economy](crime_against_economy.md)" and yes, it may even be used retroactively, this has happened). Furthermore even if AI works are made legit, terms and condition of most usable AI software will still negate this (they already do, EVEN if you pay for it), it's not even clear if they can do this (or it may depend on territory and time) but it's a threat. Also AI is shit, [bloat](bloat.md) and serves mostly [capitalists](capitalism.md) to produce huge quantities of cheap shit for consumerist games, we just don't need this. You may think "haha I'll create one trillion PD textures and post them to Opengameart and save the world" -- that's literally what everyone is doing right now, it's the worst kind of spam that is now just killing the site, please don't even think of this. Create something small but nice, something whose legitimacy as your own work that you give away can not be questioned.
Also **do NOT USE [AI](ai.md)**, not even for things like upscaling and enhancements. NO JUST DO NOT. NO, your argument is invalid, just DO NOT USE IT. In theory it may be legit, but there's just huge amount of doubt, uncertainty and legal mess. To name a few potential issues: AI may create a derivative work of something it has seen in its training dataset (which even if "open"-licensed still may contain material of non-free things that may be legal in the context of the dataset but not in the context of the generated result, e.g. "freedom of panorama"), the copyright status of AI works themselves is not as of yet clear and even once it's established, it may differ by country AND there is a danger of retroactive changes (once it becomes too easy to create PD works with AI capitalists can just push a law that will say AI can't be used for this because "[economy](crime_against_economy.md)" and yes, it may even be used retroactively, [yes, they can do it](yes_they_can.md), it already happened). Furthermore even if AI works are made legit, terms and condition of most usable AI software will still negate this (they already do, EVEN if you pay for it), it's not even clear if they can do this (or it may depend on territory and time) but it's a threat. Also AI is shit, [bloat](bloat.md) and serves mostly [capitalists](capitalism.md) to produce huge quantities of cheap shit for consumerist games, we just don't need this. You may think "haha I'll create one trillion PD textures and post them to Opengameart and save the world" -- that's literally what everyone is doing right now, it's the worst kind of spam that is now just killing the site, please don't even think of this. Create something small but nice, something whose legitimacy as your own work that you give away can not be questioned.
So you can only use your own original creations and other public domain works within your PD work. Here you should highly prefer your own creations because that is legally the safest, no one can ever challenge your right to reuse your own creation, but there is a low but considerable chance that someone else's PD work isn't actually PD or will seize to be PD by some retroactive law change. So when it only takes a small effort to e.g. photograph your own textures for a game instead of using someone else's PD textures, choose to use your own.
Sine can also be surprisingly accurately approximated with the [smoothstep](smoothstep.md) function, which is just a polynomial *3 * x^2 - 2 * x^3*.
TODO: code for that
Furthermore there exist other nice approximations, such as the extremely accurate **Bhaskara I's approximation** (angle in radians): *sin(x) ~= (16 * x * (pi - x)) / (5 * pi^2 - 4 * x * (pi - x))*. (This formula is actually more elegant for cosine, so it may be even better to consider using that.) Here is a [C](c.md) [fixed point](fixed_point.md) implementation:
