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information.md
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@ -8,6 +8,6 @@ Information is knowledge that can be used for making decisions. Information is i
In [computer science](compsci.md) the basic unit of information amount is 1 **[bit](bit.md)** (for *binary digit*), also known as [shannon](shannon.md). It represents a choice of two possible options, for example an answer to a *yes/no* question, or one of two [binary](binary.md) digits: 0 or 1. From this we derive higher units such as [bytes](byte.md) (8 bits), [kilobytes](memory_units.md) (1000 bytes) etc. Other units of information include [nat](nat.md) or [hart](hart.md). With enough bits we can encode any information including text, sounds and images. For this we invent various [formats](file_format.md) and encodings with different properties: some encodings may for example contain [redundant](redundancy.md) data to ensure the encoded information is preserved even if the data is partially lost. Some encodings may try to hide the contained information (see [encryption](encryption.md), [obfuscation](obfuscation.md), [steganography](steganography.md)). For processing information we create [algorithms](algorithm.md). We store information in computer [memory](memory.md) or on storage media such as [CDs](cd.md), or with traditional potentially [analog](analog.md) media such as photographs or books.
The opposite measure of information is **[entropy](entropy.md)**; it is measured in same units but says how much information is missing rather than what is present.
The opposite measure of information is **[entropy](entropy.md)** (called information or Shannon entropy, similar but distinct from the concept of thermodynamic entropy in physics); it is measured in same units but says how much information is missing rather than what is present (i.e. it measures uncertainty).
According to the [theory of relativity](relativity.md) **information can never travel [faster than light](speed_of_light.md)** -- even if some things may move faster than light, such as a shadow, so called "spooky action at a distance" (usually associated with quantum [entanglement](entanglement.md)) or even matter due to the expansion of space, by our best knowledge we can never use this to transfer information faster than light. For this it seems our communication technology will always be burdened by [lag](lag.md), no matter how sophisticated.