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linux.md
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{ At this point it's best to start using a different kernel if you can. Consider BSD or Hurd maybe. ~drummyfish }
Linux (also Lunix or Loonix, named after its original creator [Linus Torvalds](linus_torvalds.md)) is a partially "[open-source](open_source.md)" [unix-like](unix_like.md) [operating system](operating_system.md) [kernel](kernel.md), probably the most successful "mostly FOSS" kernel, nowadays already killed by [capitalism](capitalism.md). One of its greatest advantages was support of a lot of [hardware](hardware.md); it runs besides others on [x86](x86.md], [PowerPC](ppc.md), [Arm](arm.md), has many [drivers](driver.md) and can be compiled to be quite small so as to run well even on very weak computers. **Linux is NOT an operating system**, only its basic part -- for a whole operating system more things need to be added, such as some kind of [user interface](ui.md) and actual user programs (so called [userland](userland.md)), and this is what [Linux distributions](linux_distro.md) do (there hundreds of these) -- Linux distributions, such as [Debian](debian.md), [Arch](arch.md) or [Ubuntu](ubuntu.md) are complete operating systems (but beware, most of them are not fully [FOSS](foss.md)). The mascot of the project is a penguin named [Tux](tux.md) (under some vague non-standard [license](license.md)). Linux is one of the biggest collaborative programming projects, as of now it has more than 15000 contributors. Despite popular misconceptions **Linux is [proprietary](proprietary.md) software** by containing [binary blobs](binary_blob.md) -- completely free distributions have to use forks that remove these (see e.g. [Linux-libre](linux_libre.md), [Debian](debian.md)'s Linux fork etc.). Linux is also **greatly [bloated](bloat.md)** (though not anywhere near [Windows](windows.md) and such) and **[tranny software](tranny_software.md)**, abusing technology as a vehicle for promoting [harmful politics](sjw.md). While back in the day Linux was one of the coolest projects, by 2024 **Linux is absolute shit**, it has [code of censorship](coc.md), it's hijacked by capitalism, developed by corporations and fascists ([feminists](feminism.md), [LGBT](lgbt.md), ...), overcomplicated, commercialized, full of [Rust](rust.md) code; there are already even backdoor popping in (see the 2024 XZ scandal), basically it's almost unusable now. The spirit, significance, journey and eventual fate of Linux are similar to e.g. [Wikipedia](wikipedia.md).
Linux (also Lunix or Loonix, named after its original creator [Linus Torvalds](linus_torvalds.md)) is a partially "[open-source](open_source.md)" [unix-like](unix_like.md) [operating system](operating_system.md) [kernel](kernel.md), probably the most successful "mostly [FOSS](foss.md)" kernel, nowadays already killed by [capitalism](capitalism.md) and not worth using anymore. One of its greatest advantages was support of a lot of [hardware](hardware.md); it ran besides others on [x86](x86.md], [PowerPC](ppc.md), [Arm](arm.md), had many [drivers](driver.md) and could be compiled to be quite small so as to run well even on very weak computers. **Linux is NOT an operating system**, only its basic part -- for a whole operating system more things need to be added, such as some kind of [user interface](ui.md) and actual user programs (so called [userland](userland.md)), and this is what [Linux distributions](linux_distro.md) do (there hundreds of these) -- Linux distributions, such as [Debian](debian.md), [Arch](arch.md) or [Ubuntu](ubuntu.md) are complete operating systems (but beware, most of them are not fully [FOSS](foss.md)). The mascot of the project is a penguin named [Tux](tux.md) (under some vague non-standard [license](license.md)). Linux is one of the biggest collaborative programming projects, as of now it has more than 15000 contributors. Despite popular misconceptions **Linux is [proprietary](proprietary.md) software** by containing [binary blobs](binary_blob.md) -- completely free distributions have to use forks that remove these (see e.g. [Linux-libre](linux_libre.md), [Debian](debian.md)'s Linux fork etc.). Linux is also **greatly [bloated](bloat.md)** (though not anywhere near [Windows](windows.md) and such) and **[tranny software](tranny_software.md)**, abusing technology as a vehicle for promoting [harmful politics](sjw.md). While back in the day Linux was one of the coolest projects, by 2024 **Linux is absolute shit**, it has [code of censorship](coc.md), it's hijacked by capitalism, developed by corporations and fascists ([feminists](feminism.md), [LGBT](lgbt.md), ...), overcomplicated, commercialized, full of [Rust](rust.md) code; there are already even backdoor popping in (see the 2024 XZ scandal), basically it's almost unusable now. The spirit, significance, journey and eventual fate of Linux are similar to e.g. [Wikipedia](wikipedia.md).
[Fun](fun.md) note: there is a site that counts certain words in the Linux source code, https://www.vidarholen.net/contents/wordcount. For the lulz in 2019 some word counts were: "fuck": 16, "shit": 33, "idiot": 17, "retard": 4, "hack": 1571, "todo": 6166, "fixme": 4256.
@ -13,17 +13,17 @@ Linux is typically combined with a lot of **[GNU](gnu.md)** software and the [GN
Linux is sometimes called "[free as in freedom](free_software.md)", however that's a lie, it is at most a partially "[open-source](open_source.md)" or "[FOSS](foss.md)" project. **Linux is in many ways bad**, especially lately. Some reasons for this are:
- It actually includes **[proprietary](proprietary.md) software** in the form of [binary blobs](blob.md) ([drivers](drivers.md)). The [Linux-libre](linux_libre.md) project tries to fix this.
- It is **[tranny software](tranny_software.md)** and has a fascist [code of conduct](coc.md) (`linux/Documentation/process/code-of-conduct.rst`). Recently it started to even incorporate [Rust](rust.md), getting shitty also by the technological side.
- It is **[tranny software](tranny_software.md)** and has a fascist [code of conduct](coc.md) (`linux/Documentation/process/code-of-conduct.rst`). Recently it started to even **incorporate [Rust](rust.md)**, getting shitty also by the technological side. In near future Rust will become a hard dependency of Linux, that will be its final blow.
- Its development practices are [sus](sus.md), it is **involved with many [corporations](corporation.md)** (through the [linux foundation](linux_foundation.md)) including [Microsoft](microsoft.md) (one of the greatest enemies of free software) who is trying to take control over it ([EEE](eee.md)), [Google](google.md), [Intel](intel.md), [IBM](ibm.md) and others. Such forces will inevitably shape it towards corporate interests.
- It is **[bloat](bloat.md)** and [bloat monopoly](bloat_monopoly.md) and in some ways [capitalist software](capitalist_software.md). It currently has **more than 10 million [lines of code](loc.md)**. Just try to fork Linux on your own, maintain it and add/modify actual features.
- It is **[bloat](bloat.md)** and [bloat monopoly](bloat_monopoly.md) and in some ways **[capitalist software](capitalist_software.md)**. It currently has **more than 10 million [lines of code](loc.md)**. Just try to [fork](fork.md) Linux on your own, maintain it and add/modify actual features.
- It uses a **restrictive [copyleft](copyleft.md)** [GPL](gpl.md) license as opposed to a permissive one.
- It is a monolithic kernel which goes against the [KISS](kiss.md) philosophy. { Or does it? Maybe it's not as clear as it sounds, TODO. ~drummyfish }
- It is a monolithic kernel which goes against the [KISS](kiss.md) philosophy. { Or does it? At this scale probably yes tho. ~drummyfish }
Nevertheless, despite its mistakes and inevitable shitty future (it's just going to become "Windows 2.0" in a few years), nowadays (2023) GNU/Linux still offers a relatively comfy, powerful [Unix](unix.md)/[POSIX](posix.md) environment which means it can be drop-in replaced with another unix-like system without this causing you much trouble, so using GNU/Linux is at this point considered OK (until Microsoft completely seizes it at which point we migrate probably to [BSD](bsd.md), [GNU Hurd](hurd.md), [HyperbolaBSD](hyperbolabsd.md) or something). It can be made fairly [minimal](minimalism.md) (see e.g. [KISS Linux](kiss_linux.md) and [Puppy Linux](puppy.md)) and [LRS](lrs.md)/[suckless](suckless.md) friendly. It is in no way perfect but can serve as an acceptable temporary boat on the sail towards freedom, until it inevitably sinks by the weight of [capitalism](capitalism.md).
Linux is so called monolithic kernel (oppose to [microkernel](microkernel.md)) and as such tries to do many things at once, becoming quite [bloat](bloat.md)ed. However it "[just works](just_works.md)" and has a great [hardware](hardware.md) support so it wins many users over alternatives such as [BSD](bsd.md).
Some alternatives to Linux (and Linux-libre) are:
Some alternatives to Linux (and Linux-libre) and GNU/Linux are:
- [GNU Hurd](hurd.md), an unfinished (but somewhat usable) kernel developed by [GNU](gnu.md) itself.
- [BSD](bsd.md) operating systems such as [FreeBSD](freebsd.md), [NetBSD](netbsd.md) and [OpenBSD](openbsd.md) (OpenBSD probably being closest to [LRS](lrs.md))
@ -36,6 +36,8 @@ Some alternatives to Linux (and Linux-libre) are:
## Switching To GNU/Linux
2024 UPDATE: Don't switch to it, switch to something else now.
One of the basic mistakes of [noobs](noob.md) who just switched from [Windows](windows.md) to GNU/Linux is that they try to continue to do things the *Windows way*. They try to force-run Windows programs on GNU/Linux, they look for program installers on the web, they install [antiviruses](antivirus.md), they try to find a [GUI](gui.md) program for a thing that is solved with 2 lines of [shell](shell.md) script (and fail to find one), they keep [distro hoppoing](distro_hopping.md) instead of customizing their system etc. Many give up and then go around saying "brrruh, Loooonix sux" -- yes, it kind of does, but for other reasons. You're just using it wrong. Despite its corruption, it's still a [Unix](unix.md) system, you do things elegantly and simply, however these ways are naturally completely different from how ugly systems like Windows do them -- and how they nurture normal people to do them. If you want to convert an image from *png* to *jpg*, you don't need to download and crack a graphical program that takes 100 GB and installs ads on your system, you do it via a simple [command line tool](cli.md) -- don't be afraid of the [terminal](terminal.md), learn some basic commands, ask experiences people how they do it (not how to achieve the way you want to do it). Everyone single individual who learned it later thanked himself for doing it, so don't be stupid.
TODO: more