Update

human_language.md

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ Human language is a social construct so according to [pseudoleftists](pseudoleft
 
 Languages are sadly often what easily divides people into groups and so fuels [fascism](fascism.md), specifically [nationalism](nationalism.md).
 
+Let's also add that human languages don't have to be just spoken ones -- in a wider sense we can also include sign languages, visual languages etc., but in this article we'll implicitly assume spoken ones. These languages are also often tightly connected to their writing systems and scripts, but we should be aware of the fact that a language and the way it is written are two separate things.
+
 **Why are human languages so hard for computers to handle?** Well, firstly there are minor annoyances like syntactic ambiguity, irregularities, redundancy, complex rules of grammar -- for example the sentence "I know Bob likes computers, and so does John." can either mean that John knows that Bob likes computers or that both Bob and John like computers. Things like this can be addressed by designing the [grammar](grammar.md) unambiguously, but analyzing already existing natural languages suffers by this. Furthermore in real life there are countless quirks of playing with language, things like sacrasm, parody, exaggerations, indirect hints, politeness, rhetorical questions, fau pax, memes and references. For example when we think of imperative, we imagine sentences such as "Close the window." -- in real life we'll rather say something like "I'm cold, it wouldn't hurt to close the window.", i.e. something that's semantically an imperative but not syntactically, a dumb computer would deduce here we are stating a fact that closing the window will not hurt anyone; it takes human-like intelligence AND experience in how the real life works and abilities like being able to guess feelings and plans of others to correctly conclude this sentence in fact means "Please close the window." Just try to talk to someone for a while and focus on what the sentences mean literally and what they actually imply. So things revolving around this are pose the first issue, but yet a greater issue dwells in how to actually define meanings of words -- human language is not just "text strings" as it might seem on the first glance, behind the text strings lies a deep understanding of the extremely complex [real world](irl.md). More details of the issues of semantic will be given below.
 
 **What is the most [LRS](lrs.md) human language?** This is not [settled](settled.md) yet but [Esparanto](esperanto.md) looks pretty cool. [English](english.md) is actually one of the most [suckless](suckless.md) languages, it's extremely easy and everyone speaks it -- it's not perfect but it is like [C](c.md) in programming, likely the best things we probably have at the moment. As a part of [less retarded society](less_retarded_society.md) we should aim to create a constructed language that will be universally spoken by everyone and which, if at all possible, will solve the issue of the great language curse described below.
@@ -64,7 +66,7 @@ This section lists some of the most notable human languages. In the brackets the
     - **Italian** (~60 M native speakers, [eai], *Come ti chiami?*): Pleasant and melodic, very similar to Latin, sounds like singing, lots of vowels, stresses many times on first syllable. Body language such as waving hands in the air is a big part of speaking Italian correctly, recognizable by iconic phrases such as "spaghetti al dente, mamma mia!". Loanwords: intermezzo, lava, piano, ...
     - **Portuguese** (~250 M native speakers, [aeo], *Como te chamas?*): Basically Spanish with funny pronunciation, speakers of the two languages can understand each other to a high degree. Loanwords: flamingo, tank, jaguar, ...
     - **Romanian** ([eia], *Cum vă numiți?*): Sounds similar to Italian, has a lot borrowed from Slavic languages.
-    - **Spanish** (~500 M native speakers, [eao], *¿Cómo te llamas?*): Extremely fast, quite pleasant and similar to Italian, has normal and hard "r" (written *rr*), can't pronounce "h" (it's always silent), recognizable by patterns like "El XXXo", "Los XXXos" etc. Described by [Uncyclopedia](uncyclopedia.md) as "essentially Latin for retards", nonetheless spoken all over the world (it's the second most spoken native language) and therefore very useful to learn. Among students feared mainly for grammatical mood called subjunctive. Loanword: macho, caldera, mosquito, ...
+    - **Spanish** (~500 M native speakers, [eao], *¿Cómo te llamas?*): Extremely fast, quite pleasant and similar to Italian, has normal and hard "r" (written *rr*), can't pronounce "h" (it's always silent), recognizable by patterns like "El XXXo", "Los XXXos" etc. Described by [Uncyclopedia](uncyclopedia.md) as "essentially Latin for retards", nonetheless spoken all over the world (it's the second most spoken native language) and therefore very useful to learn. Among students feared mainly for grammatical mood called subjunctive. In written form weird (and recognizable) by using the upside down question mark to start questions. Loanword: macho, caldera, mosquito, ...
     - ...
   - **Slavic languages** (~300 M native speakers): Hard to learn, many grammatical cases and inflections, spoken in central/east Europe and north Asia.
     - **Bulgarian** (*как се казваш, "Kak se kazvash?"*): TODO
@@ -94,7 +96,7 @@ This section lists some of the most notable human languages. In the brackets the
   - **Sanskrit** (*तव नाम किम्, "Tavva nama kim?"*): Old language, nowadays spoken only by few, sacred most notably to Hinduism, important to Asia where it's something akin to what Latin and old Greek is to Europe. Loanwords: yoga, avatar, nirvana, ...
   - **[Toki Pona](toki_pona.md)** (*nimi sina li seme?*): New constructed language claiming to be highly [minimalist](minimalism.md), however also looks kind of [SJW](sjw.md).
   - **Turkish** (~80 M native speakers, [aei], *İsmin ne?*): Stress on last syllable, written in weird kind of Latin script.
-  - **Vietnamese** (~100 M native speakers, *Bạn tên gì?*): Typical Asian "meowing" sound, but despite this it's interestingly written in Latin script. It's a tonal language (pitches distinguish meanings of words).
+  - **Vietnamese** (~100 M native speakers, *Bạn tên gì?*): Typical Asian "meowing" sound, but despite this it's [interestingly](interesting.md) written in Latin script, which also excessively uses diacritics. It's a tonal language (pitches distinguish meanings of words).
   - ...
   
 **Language curiosities**: Harold Whitmore Williams (*1876) allegedly spoke 58 languages and is sometimes considered the most accomplished polyglot. The most common sound found in all languages is "a", the most unique probably the Czech "ř". Language with smallest alphabet is probably Rotokas, spoken in Papua New Guinea, with only 12 letters. English word with the most meanings is apparently "set" (almost 200). Longest non-technical word in English is "antidisestablishmentarianism", but if we impose no limits, there is a name of a chemical that's 189819 letters long. TODO: more