drummyfish/less_retarded_wiki
5
2
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Projects Releases Packages Wiki Activity

Update

Browse source
This commit is contained in:
Miloslav Ciz 2023-07-01 20:06:37 +02:00
parent 0e39459c55
commit 2dcad73235
4 changed files with 55 additions and 31 deletions
Show stats Download patch file Download diff file Expand all files Collapse all files

65
computer.md
View file

@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ Computers we normally talk about in daily conversations are [electronic](electro
Such a computer consists of some kind of [case](case.md) (chassis), internal [hardware](hardware.md) plus [peripheral devices](peripheral.md) that serve for [input and output](io.md) -- these are for example a [keyboard](keyboard.md) and [mouse](mouse.md) (input devices), a [monitor](monitor.md) (output device) or [harddisk](hdd.md) (input/output device). The internals of the computer normally include:
- **[motherboard](motherboard.md)**: The main electronic circuit of the computer into which other components are plugged and which creates the network and interfaces that interconnect them (a [chipset](chipset.md)). It contains slots for expansion cards as well as connectors for external devices, e.g. [USB](usb.md). In a small memory on the board there is the most basic software ([firmaware](firmware.md)), such as [BIOS](bios.md), to e.g. enable installation of other software. The board also carries the [clock](clock.md) generator for synchronization of all hardware, heat sensors etc.
- **[motherboard](motherboard.md)**: The main electronic circuit of the computer into which other components are plugged and which creates the network and interfaces that interconnect them (a [chipset](chipset.md)). It contains slots for expansion cards as well as connectors for external devices, e.g. [USB](usb.md). In a small memory on the board there is the most basic software ([firmaware](firmware.md)), such as [BIOS](bios.md), to e.g. enable installation of other software. The board also carries the [clock](clock.md) generator for synchronization of all hardware, heat sensors etc.
- **[CPU](cpu.md)** (central processing unit): Core of the computer, the chip plugged into motherboard that performs general calculations and which runs [programs](program.md), i.e. [software](sw.md).
- **[RAM](ram.md)/working memory**: Lower capacity volatile (temporary, erased when powered off) working memory of the computer, plugged into motherboard. It is used as a "pen and paper" by the CPU when performing calculations.
- **[disk](disk.md)**: [Non-volatile](volatile.md) (persisting when powered off) large capacity memory for storing [files](file.md) and other [data](data.md), connected to the motherboard via some kind of [bus](bus.md). Different types of disks exist, most commonly [hard disks](hdd.md) and [SSDs](ssd.md).
@ -35,33 +35,40 @@ Such a computer consists of some kind of [case](case.md) (chassis), internal [ha
## Notable Computers
Here is a list of notable computers that have existed.
Here is a list of notable computers.
| name | year | specs (max, approx) | comment |
| -------------------------------------- | ---- | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- |
| Antikythera mechanism | -125 | ~30 gears, largest with 223 teth | 1st known comp., by Greeks (mech., analog) |
| [Z3](z3.md) | 1941 | 176B RAM, CPU 10Hz 22bit 2600 relays | 1st fully programmable electronic digital computer|
| [ENIAC](eniac.md) | 1945 | ~85B RAM, ~5KHz CPU, 18000 vaccum tubes | 1st general purpose computer |
| [PDP](pdp.md) 11 | 1970 | 4M RAM, CPU 1.25Mhz 16bit | legendary [mini](minicomputer.md) |
| [Apple II](apple_ii.md) | 1977 | 64K RAM, 1MHz CPU 8bit | popular TV-attached home computer by Apple |
| [Atari](atari.md) 800 | 1979 | 8K RAM, CPU 1.7MHz 8bit | popular TV-attached home computer by Atari |
| [VIC 20](vic_20.md) | 1980 | 32K RAM, 1MHz CPU 8bit, 20K ROM | successful TV-connected home computer by Commodore|
| [IBM PC](ibm_pc.md) | 1981 | 256K RAM, CPU 4.7MHz 16bit, BASIC, DOS | 1st personal computer as we know it now, modular |
| [Commodore 64](c64.md) | 1982 | 64K RAM, 20K ROM, CPU 1MHz 8bit | very popular TV-connected home computer |
| [ZX Spectrum](zx_spectrum.md) | 1982 | 128K RAM, CPU 3.5MHz 8bit | successful UK TV-connected home comp. by Sinclair |
| [NES](nes.md)/Famicom | 1983 | 2K RAM, 2K VRAM, CPU 1.7MHz 8bit, PPU | TV-connected Nintendo game console |
| [Amiga](amiga.md) | 1985 | 256K RAM, 256K ROM, CPU 7MHz 16bit, AmigaOS | personal compuer by Commodore, ahead of its time |
| [SNES](snes.md) | 1990 | 128K RAM, 64K VRAM, CPU 21MHz 16bit | game console, NES successor |
| [Deep Blue](deep_blue.md) | 1995 | 30 128MHz CPUs, ~11 GFLOPS | 1st computer to defeat world chess champion |
| [GameBoy Color](gbc.md) | 1998 | 32K RAM, 16K VRAM, CPU 2MHz 8bit, 160x144 | handheld gaming console from Ninetendo |
| [GameBoy Advance](gba.md) | 2001 | ~256K RAM, 96K VRAM, CPU 16MHz 32bit ARM, 240x160 | handheld gaming console from Ninetendo |
| [ThinkPad](thinkpad.md) X200 | 2008 | 8G RAM, CPU 2.6GHz, Wifi | legendary laptop, great constr., freedom friendly |
| [ThinkPad](thinkpad.md) T400 | 2008 | 8G RAM, CPU 2.8GHz, Wifi | legendary laptop, great constr., freedom friendly |
| [Raspberry Pi 3](rpi.md) | 2016 | 1G RAM, CPU 1.4GHz ARM, Wifi | very popular tiny inexpensive SBC |
| [Arduboy](arduboy.md) | 2016 | 2.5K RAM, CPU 16MHz ARM 8bit, 1b display | tiny Arduino [open console](open_console.md) |
| [Pokitto](pokitto.md) | 2017 | 36K RAM, 256K ROM, CPU 72MHz ARM | indie educational [open console](open_console.md) |
| [Raspberry Pi 4](rpi.md) | 2019 | 8G RAM, CPU 1.5GHz ARM, Wifi | tiny inexpensive SBC, usable as desktop |
|[PD computer](public_domain_computer.md)| | | planner LRS computer |
| [Deep Thought](deep_thought.md) | | | fictional computer from Hitchhiker's Guide ... |
| name | year | specs (max, approx) | comment |
| --------------------------------------- | ---- | ------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------- |
| Antikythera mechanism | -125 | ~30 gears, largest with 223 teth | 1st known comp., by Greeks (mech., analog) |
| Difference Engine | 1822 | 8 digit numbers, 24 axles, 96 wheels | mech. digital comp. of polynomials, by Babbage |
| Analytical Engine design | 1837 | ~16K RAM, 40 digit numbers | 1st general purpose comp, not realized, by Babbage|
| [Z3](z3.md) | 1941 | 176B RAM, CPU 10Hz 22bit 2600 relays | 1st fully programmable electronic digital computer|
| [ENIAC](eniac.md) | 1945 | ~85B RAM, ~5KHz CPU, 18000 vaccum tubes | 1st general purpose computer |
| [PDP](pdp.md) 11 | 1970 | 4M RAM, CPU 1.25Mhz 16bit | legendary [mini](minicomputer.md) |
| [Apple II](apple_ii.md) | 1977 | 64K RAM, 1MHz CPU 8bit | popular TV-attached home computer by Apple |
| [Atari](atari.md) 800 | 1979 | 8K RAM, CPU 1.7MHz 8bit | popular TV-attached home computer by Atari |
| [VIC 20](vic_20.md) | 1980 | 32K RAM, 1MHz CPU 8bit, 20K ROM | successful TV-connected home computer by Commodore|
| [IBM PC](ibm_pc.md) | 1981 | 256K RAM, CPU 4.7MHz 16bit, BASIC, DOS | 1st personal computer as we know it now, modular |
| [Commodore 64](c64.md) | 1982 | 64K RAM, 20K ROM, CPU 1MHz 8bit | very popular TV-connected home computer |
| [ZX Spectrum](zx_spectrum.md) | 1982 | 128K RAM, CPU 3.5MHz 8bit | successful UK TV-connected home comp. by Sinclair |
| [NES](nes.md)/Famicom | 1983 | 2K RAM, 2K VRAM, CPU 1.7MHz 8bit, PPU | TV-connected Nintendo game console |
| [Amiga](amiga.md) | 1985 | 256K RAM, 256K ROM, CPU 7MHz 16bit, AmigaOS | personal compuer by Commodore, ahead of its time |
| [SNES](snes.md) | 1990 | 128K RAM, 64K VRAM, CPU 21MHz 16bit | game console, NES successor |
| [PlayStation](playstation.md) | 1994 | 2M RAM, 1M VRAM, CPU 33MHz 32bit, CD-ROM | popular TV-connected game console by Sony |
| [Deep Blue](deep_blue.md) | 1995 | 30 128MHz CPUs, ~11 GFLOPS | 1st computer to defeat world chess champion |
| [Nintendo 64](n64.md) | 1996 | 8M RAM, CPU 93MHz 64bit, 64M ROM cartr. | famous TV-connected game console |
| [GameBoy Color](gbc.md) | 1998 | 32K RAM, 16K VRAM, CPU 2MHz 8bit, 160x144 | handheld gaming console from Ninetendo |
| [GameBoy Advance](gba.md) | 2001 | ~256K RAM, 96K VRAM, CPU 16MHz 32bit ARM, 240x160 | successor to GBC |
| [Xbox](xbox.md) | 2001 | 64M RAM, CPU 733MHz Pentium III | TV-connected game console by Micro$oft |
| [ThinkPad](thinkpad.md) X200 | 2008 | 8G RAM, CPU 2.6GHz, Wifi | legendary laptop, great constr., freedom friendly |
| [ThinkPad](thinkpad.md) T400 | 2008 | 8G RAM, CPU 2.8GHz, Wifi | legendary laptop, great constr., freedom friendly |
| [Raspberry Pi 3](rpi.md) | 2016 | 1G RAM, CPU 1.4GHz ARM, Wifi | very popular tiny inexpensive SBC |
| [Arduboy](arduboy.md) | 2016 | 2.5K RAM, CPU 16MHz AVR 8bit, 1b display | tiny Arduino [open console](open_console.md) |
| [Pokitto](pokitto.md) | 2017 | 36K RAM, 256K ROM, CPU 72MHz ARM | indie educational [open console](open_console.md) |
| [Raspberry Pi 4](rpi.md) | 2019 | 8G RAM, CPU 1.5GHz ARM, Wifi | tiny inexpensive SBC, usable as desktop |
| [Deep Thought](deep_thought.md) | | | fictional computer from Hitchhiker's Guide ... |
| [HAL 9000](hal_9000.md) | | | fictional AI computer (2001: A Space Oddysey) |
|[PD computer](public_domain_computer.md) | | | planned LRS computer |
|[Turing machine](turing_machine.md) | | | important theoretical computer by Alan Turing |
TODO: mnt reform 2, ti-89, PS, XBox, quantum?
TODO: mnt reform 2, ti-89, quantum?, calculators, NDS, iPhone?

11
free_body.md Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
# Free Body
Free (as in freedom) body, also libre body, is a body of a human who allows (legally and otherwise) everyone some basic rights to it, such as the right to touch any of its part. This is a concept inspired by that of [free software](free_software.md) and [free culture](free_culture.md), just applied to one's body.
TODO: waiver like CC0 but for a body?
## See Also
- [free universe](free_universe.md)
- [free software](free_software.md)
- [free culture](free_culture.md)

4
free_universe.md
View file

@ -5,3 +5,7 @@ Free universe (also "open" universe) is a [free culture ](free_culture.md) ("fre
But if anyone is allowed to do anything with the universe and so possibly incompatible works may be created, then **what is canon?!** Well, anything you want -- it's the same as with proprietary universes, regardless of official canon there may be different groups of fans that disagree about what is canon and there may be works that contradict someone's canon, there is no issue here.
**Existing free universes**: existence of a serious project aiming purely for the creation of a free universe is unknown to us, however free universes may be spawned as a byproduct of other free works -- for example old public domain [books](book.md) of fiction, such as [Flatland](flatland.md), or [libre games](libre_game.md) such as [FLARE](flare.md), [Anarch](anarch.md) or [FreeDink](freedink.md) create a free universe. If you want to start a free universe project, go for it, it would be highly valued!
## See Also
- [free body](free_body.md)

2
shit.md
View file

@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
Shit is something that's awfully bad.
[Unicode](unicode.md) for pile of shit is U+1F4A9.
## List of Things That Are Shit
- [MS Windows](windows.md)