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# Bazaar (The Cathedral And The Bazaar)
*The Cathedral and the Bazaar* (shortened to *catb*) is a very famous [software engineering](sw_engineering.md) essay from 1997 by [Eric S. Raymond](esr.md) (ESR, a famous oldschool hacker writer) which analyzes the development method of [Linux](linux.md), at the time a new way of mass developing [FOSS](foss.md) software by many volunteers over the [Internet](internet.md) with relatively little central planning -- this method is called the *Bazaar* (the word used for marketplace in middle east) and is contrasted with so called *Cathedral* method, i.e. the traditional, highly centralized development of software (not necessarily of [proprietary](proprietary.md) software). This essay was later being expanded, updated and made into a whole book -- the short version of it can be read on ESR's website. It played a role in [corporations](corporation.md) adopting "[open source](open_source.md)" (Netscape, i.e. Firefox, was "open sourced" basically because of this essay).
Watch out: Raymond used to be an oldschool [hacker](hacking.md) who however, like many others, later turned to the evil side once he smelled money and fame; he basically became hardcore [capitalist](capitalism.md), promoting [open $ource](open_source.md), free markets and even doing business himself. It can very well be seen in the essay -- it's not about [programming](programming.md), it is about software engineering, i.e. managing and manipulating masses of people to work like machines who will be continuously producing lines of code. It focused on things such as ["productivity"](productivity_cult.md) and basically how to develop [bloat](bloat.md) in fastest way and for least cost. It takes things such as [update culture](update_culture.md), rapid development, gigantic software projects and existence of software companies for granted. Therefore *The Cathedral and the Bazaar* is of no use to [less retarded software](lrs.md) but it may be good to read for the wide picture view.
{ The online version is not very long, the writing style is good and there are nice, catchy observations about software development, however it's still quite shitty, towards the end I was falling asleep, only the capitalist trigger words kept me awake eventually. But there are some nice things, like "plan to throw one away", i.e. when you want to write something, you'll probably have to write it once badly, by which you really understand the issue, then you throw it away and implement it again, this time well. ~drummyfish }
Here is a small **summary**: ESR used to believe software beyond some complexity threshold (e.g. [operating system](os.md) kernel or a big text editor) has to be developed mainly by a small team that closely communicates, carefully fixes bugs that users report and releases stable versions once in relatively long time -- yes, even if the software is [FOSS](foss.md) and development is transparent. This is called the *Cathedral* method as the development is similar to the careful, highly centrally planned building of a cathedral -- one example was e.g. [gcc](gcc.md) (and any proprietary software, as they basically have no other option). However after seeing [Linux](linux.md) (a very complex project) being developed by great many people in a very decentralized manner, with the central coordinator doing relatively little work, and having very short release cycles (even of buggy, unstable versions), he concluded it can work differently -- he called this the *Bazaar* method, i.e. one that looks a bit [chaotic](chaos.md) at first, but which statistically still converges to establishing good design in the end. He says the biggest invention of [Linus Torvalds](torvalds.md) isn't Linux but its development model. He examines how and why it works because he sees it as the superior method, and he also tests the method on his own project ([fetchmail](fetchmail.md)) with which he immediately sees a great success. He notes several things, e.g. the following. Users being at the same time programmers (codevelopers) and vice versa is key because firstly programmers really care about what they write (because they use it) and secondly we get nice bug reports (in programmer terms). "Given enough eyeballs, all bugs are shallow" says that with many users/programmers basically all bugs get spotted and fixed quickly, which is helped by the rapid release cycles -- if someone fixes it quickly, others see it's fixed and stop working on their more complicated fixes. This kind of parallelizes [debugging](debugging.md) (and also other things such as design change exploration). Quick releases reward contributors, they see their fixes immediately, contributors get motivated ("Treat your testers as your most valuable resource and they will respond by becoming your most valuable resource."), even the "work no one wants to do" gets done. Bazaar project needs several things. Firstly good Internet (that's why Linux coincided with cheap access to Internet). Secondly it can't be started from scratch, someone has to make some basic project basically alone, and it should be some truly honest project (not something that just aims for profit), usually starting with a programmer "scratching his [own itch](own_itch.md)" -- it's enough to make a project that shows promise so that people start jumping in. The ["leader"](bdfl.md) doesn't have to be genius but he has to be able to recognize good design choices of contributors and he must be "good with people". Then he goes on to compare it to free market and other crap, he basically concludes managers are useless and they just pretend to be useful :D

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### How can you think you are the smartest man in universe? How can you say your opinions are facts? Isn't it [egoistic](egoism.md)?
I don't think I am the smartest at all, in fact I am highly dumb, I just have a gift of being completely immune to propaganda and seeing the world clearly, and I happen to be in circumstances under which I can do what others can't; for example as I have no friends and no one likes me, I can write and create freely, without self censorship due to fear of losing my job, offending my friends etc. I can write close to what is the absolute truth thanks to all this. I am also super autistic in that I enjoy just thinking 24/7 about programming and stuff instead of thinking about money and watching ads, which compensates for my dumbness a bit.
I don't think I am the smartest at all -- I never said that, except in the article about [IQ](iq.md). In fact I am highly dumb, I just have a gift of being completely immune to propaganda and seeing the world clearly, and I happen to be in circumstances under which I can do what others can't; for example as I have no friends and no one likes me, I can write and create freely, without self censorship due to fear of losing my job, offending my friends etc. I can write close to what is the absolute truth thanks to all this. I am also super autistic in that I enjoy just thinking 24/7 about programming and stuff instead of thinking about money and watching ads, which compensates for my dumbness a bit.
How do I know my opinions are facts? Experience. How do we discover facts? There is never a 100% certainty of anything, even of mathematical proofs, we may only ever have a great statistical confidence and beliefs so strong we call them facts. Just as by walking 1000 times against a wall you learn you won't walk through, I have over the decades learned I am correct in what I say and that everyone else is simply a monkey incapable of thinking. I used to be the kind of guy "open to discussion and opinions of others", I was giving this approach a chance over and over for about 30 years, I had more than enough patience, but it didn't work, the world has failed. People are absolutely stupid, you can physically show them something, give them tons of evidence and proofs, they won't believe what is literally in front of their eyes -- no, not even intellectuals, people in universities etc. Talking to others and listening to them is a complete waste of life, it's like trying to talk to potatoes or rocks, I might just as well be punching air all day or trying to eat dirt. The best I found I can do now is kind of talk to myself here, record my brain dump in hopes someone will once understand. I really don't know what else to do.

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TODO
```
* Hitler * Ada Lovelace
* Donald Trump * Lassie * Goethe
* Bill Gates * Neil De Grass * Charles Babbage * Terence Tao
* Adam Smith * Bjarne Stroustrup * Unabomber
* Steve Jobs * Pikachu * Einstein * Jara Cimrman
---------capitalists----------- * Terry Davis
-------------blacks---------------- * Britney Spears * Kasparov
---------------women (white)--------------------- * Richard Feynman * William Sidis
----------CEOs--------- * drummyfish
trees- ---------webdevs-------- ---janitors--- -------true programmers------------ (see test below)
--soldiers-- ------apolitical/centrist/confused------ ------LRS----
------------coders-------------
--feminists-- ---dolphins-- ----geeks-------- -----type A/B fail---
--chimps--- -------atheists------ -----nerds----------------------------
------------------------------------------whites----------------------------------------
----------------------------------asians-----------------------------------------
----------------------------------jews-------------------------------------------
---fascists--- ---called genius-- --called retarded---
influencers-- _.---._
.' '.
.' '.
| | | | | .'| | |'. | | | | |
| | | | | _.' | | | '._ | | | | |
| | _|_____.|..---'|' | | | '|'---..|._____|_ | |
--+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+--
| SD 6 | SD 5 | SD 4 | SD 3 | SD 2 | SD 1 | SD 1 | SD 2 | SD 3 | SD 4 | SD 5 | SD 6 |
10 25 40 55 70 85 100 115 130 145 160 175 190
* Ada Lovelace * Hitler
* Donald Trump * Lassie * Goethe
* Bill Gates * Neil De Grass * Charles Babbage * Terence Tao
* Adam Smith * Bjarne Stroustrup * Unabomber
* Steve Jobs * Pikachu * Einstein * Jara Cimrman
--------------capitalists----------- * Terry Davis
----------------blacks---------------- * Britney Spears * Kasparov
-------------------women (white)--------------------- * Richard Feynman * William Sidis
------------CEOs------------ * drummyfish
-trees- ---------webdevs-------- ---janitors--- -------true programmers------------------(see test below)
-rocks- --soldiers-- ------apolitical/centrist/confused------ --------LRS--------
------------coders-------------
--feminists-- ---dolphins-- ----geeks-------- ------type A/B fail---
--chimps--- -------atheists------ -----nerds----------------------------------
----------------------------------------------whites-----------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------asians-----------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------jews-------------------------------------------------
--------fascists-------- -----called genius---- ------called retarded-----
--influencers-- _.---._
.' '.
.' '.
| | | | | | .'| | |'. | | | | | |
| | | | | | _.' | | | '._ | | | | | |
| | | _|_____.|..---'|' | | | '|'---..|._____|_ | | |
+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+------+---
| | SD 6 | SD 5 | SD 4 | SD 3 | SD 2 | SD 1 | SD 1 | SD 2 | SD 3 | SD 4 | SD 5 | SD 6 | |
0 10 25 40 55 70 85 100 115 130 145 160 175 190 200
--idiot--|-imbecile|--moron---|
------mental retardation------|
(official medical terminology) |-----68%-----|
|------------96%------------|
|------------------99.73%-----------------|
|------------------------99.994%------------------------|
(official medical terminology) |---68.269%---|--------------------------------------1 in 6.3029----------
|----------95.4499%---------|-------------------------------1 in 43.9558---------
|------------------99.73%-----------------|------------------------1 in 740.7956--------
|------------------------99.9936%-----------------------|-----------------1 in 31574.4272------
|------------------------------99.999942%-----------------------------|----------1 in 3488550.5770----
|-----------------------------------99.999999802%-----------------------------------|---1 in 1013594327.1152-
```
*IQ follows the normal distribution, measure scales are usually centered at 100 with standard deviation 15, above we see the distribution along with approximate placement of certain groups and individuals. Notice how interesting people are either far to the right or far to the left.*
**Is IQ a useful measure and if so, how important is the score?** This is the controversial question discussed over and over, modern "inclusive" society dismisses IQ as basically useless because it points out differences between [races](race.md) etc., some rightist are on the other hand obsessed with IQ too much as it creates a natural hierarchy assigning each man his rank among others. True significance of IQ as a measure seems to be somewhere in between the two extremes here. As it's always noted about IQ, we have to remember the term "intelligence" itself is fuzzy, there doesn't and cannot exist any universal definition of it, so we have trouble even grasping what we're measuring and however we define intelligence, it usually ends up hardly even correlating with "success" or "achievements" or anything similar, so firstly let's see IQ just as what it literally is: a score in some kind of game. Furthermore intelligence is extremely complex and multidimensional (there is spatial and visual intelligence, long and short term memory, language skills, social and emotional intelligence etc.), capturing all this with a single number is inevitably a simplification, the score is just a projected shadow of the intelligence with light cast from certain angle. IQ score definitely does say a lot about some specific kind of "mathematical" intelligence, though even if designed to be so, even in this narrow sense it isn't anywhere near a perfect measure -- though a minority, some mathematicians do score low on IQ tests (Richard Feynman, physics Nobel Prize laureate had famously a relatively low score of 125). It's perhaps good to keep the "IQ tests as a game" mindset -- intelligent people will be probably good at it but some won't, performance can be increased by training, there will be narrowly focused autists who excel at the game but are extremely dumb at everything else etc. Having IQ score predict what we normally understand to be "intelligence" is like having height, weight and age predict how good of a soldier someone will be -- there will be some good correlations, but not nearly perfect ones. Some general IQ range will be necessary for certain tasks such as [programming](programming.md), but rather than +5 on an IQ score things such as education and personality traits will play much more important roles in actually achieving something or creating something good; for example curiosity and determination, the habit of thinking about everything in depth, nonconformity, a skeptical mind, all these are much more important than being a human calculator -- remember, the cheapest calculator will beat the smartest man in multiplying numbers, would you say it is more intelligent?
{ Also consider this: even if you're average, or even a bit below average, you're still homo sapiens, so as long as you're not a [feminist](feminism.md) or [capitalist](capitalism.md) you'll always be the absolute top organism in intelligence, a member of by far the absolutely most intelligent species that ever appeared on [Earth](earth.md), your intelligence greatly surpasses great majority of living organisms. If you are able to read this, you already possess the great genius, you mastered language and are among the top 0.1%, there's no need to compare yourself to others and aim to be in 0.01% instead of 0.02%. Rather think about what good to do with the gift of reason you've been given. ~drummyfish }
## Pseudogenius VS Real Genius
Most people are called a genius nowadays -- any recent so called "genius" (such as [Steve Jobs](steve_jobs.md)) is in fact most likely of below average IQ; just barely above mediocre idea someone comes up with by chance will be celebrated as that of a genius, **real genius ideas will be met with hostility**; real genius ideas are too good and too far ahead and unacceptable to normal people. Furthermore success in [business](business.md) requires lack of intelligence so as to be unable to see the consequences of one's actions. Your cat watching you solve Riemann hypothesis will not even know what's happening, to it you are a retard wasting time on sliding a stick over table, on the other hand the cat will judge a monkey capable of opening a can of cat food a genius. Society is composed solely of idiots, they can only see if someone is a tiny bit better at what they do than them, and those they celebrate, if you are light years ahead of them they don't even have the capacity to comprehend how good you are at what you do because they can't even comprehend the thing you do. { The short story *Country of the Blind* by H. G. Wells is a nice story about this phenomenon of too much competence being seen as a lack of competence, illustrated on a story of a completely healthy man who finds himself in a village of people who are all blind. ~drummyfish } This includes even [PhD](phd.md)s and people with several Nobel Prizes, everyone except the few supporters of [LRS](lrs.md) are just blind idiots playing along with the system, some lucky to succeed in it and some not. This is why shit technology is prospering and [LRS](lrs.md) is being overlooked. It's just another confirmation our ideas as superior.

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This is an autogenerated article holding stats about this wiki.
- number of articles: 559
- number of commits: 700
- total size of all texts in bytes: 3061749
- number of commits: 701
- total size of all texts in bytes: 3065842
longest articles:
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latest changes:
```
Date: Wed Feb 21 09:18:07 2024 +0100
iq.md
java.md
programming.md
random_page.md
settled.md
wiki_pages.md
wiki_stats.md
Date: Tue Feb 20 16:24:28 2024 +0100
books.md
c.md
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programming.md
programming_language.md
random_page.md
shit.md
wiki_pages.md
wiki_stats.md
Date: Sun Feb 18 17:14:46 2024 +0100
ai.md
bbs.md
binary.md
brainfuck.md
```
most wanted pages: