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Miloslav Ciz 2025-09-28 22:39:23 +02:00
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@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ In the 1960s, Bell Labs along with other groups were developing [Multics](multic
In the early 1970s the system got funding as well as its name Unix (a pun on Multix). By now Thompson and Richie were developing a new language for Unix which would eventually become the [C](c.md) language. In version 4 (1973) Unix was rewritten in C.
Unix then started being sold commercially. This led to its fragmentation into different versions such as the [BSD](bsd.md) or [Solaris](solaris.md). In 1983 a version called System V was released which would become one of the most successful. The fragmentation and a lack of a unified standard led to so called [Unix Wars](unix_wars.md) in the late 1980s, which led to a few Unix standards such as [POSIX](posix.md) and Single Unix Specification.
Unix then started to be sold commercially, consequence of which was its fragmentation into different versions such as the [BSD](bsd.md) or [Solaris](solaris.md). In 1983 a version called System V was released which would become one of the most successful. This fragmentation along with the lack of a unified standard led to so called [Unix Wars](unix_wars.md) in the late 1980s, which in turn spawned a few Unix standards such as [POSIX](posix.md) and Single Unix Specification.
For [zoomers](genz.md) and other noobs: Unix wasn't like [Windows](windows.md), it was more like [DOS](dos.md), things were done in [text interface](cli.md) only (even a [TUI](tui.md) or just colorful text was a luxury) -- if you use the command line in "[Linux](linux.md)" nowadays, you'll get an idea of what it was like, except it was all even more primitive. Things we take for granted such as a [mouse](mouse.md), [copy-pastes](copy_paste.md), interactive text editors, having multiple user accounts or [running multiple programs at once](multitasking.md) were either non-existent or advanced features in the early days. There weren't even personal computers back then, people accessed share computers over terminals. Anything these guys did you have to see as done with stone tools -- they didn't have GPUs, gigaherts CPUs, gigabytes of RAM, scripting languages like Python or JavaScript, Google, stack overflow, wifi, mice, IDEs, multiple HD screens all around, none of that -- and yet they programmed faster, less buggy software that was much more efficient. If this doesn't make you think, then probably nothing will.
@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ For [zoomers](genz.md) and other noobs: Unix wasn't like [Windows](windows.md),
UNDER CONSTRUCTION
*Note: here by "Unix" we will more or less assume a system conforming to some version of the POSIX standard.*
*Note: here by "Unix" we will more or less assume a system conforming to some version of the POSIX standard. To view POSIX standard yourself, refer to the web (e.g. https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799.2018edition/) or install the POSIX manual pages on your system (e.g. `apt-get install manpages-posix`)*
This should help complete noobs kickstart their journey with a Unix-like system such as [GNU](gnu.md)/[Linux](linux.md) or [BSD](bsd.md). Please be aware that each system has its additional specifics, for example [package managers](package_manager.md), init systems, [GUI](gui.md) and so on -- these you must learn about elsewhere as here we may only cover the core parts those systems inherited from the original Unix. Having learned this though you should be able to somewhat fly any Unix like system. Obviously we'll be making some simplifications here too, don't be too pedantic if you're a pro Unix guru please.