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## History and Context
C was developed in 1972 at [Bell Labs](bell_labs.md) alongside the [Unix](unix.md) operating system by [Dennis Ritchie](dennis_ritchie.md) and [Brian Kerninghan](brian_kerninghan.md), as a successor to the [B](b.md) language ([portable](portability.md) language with [recursion](recursion.md)) written by Denis Ritchie and [Ken Thompson](ken_thompson.md), which was in turn inspired by the the [ALGOL](algol.md) language (code blocks, lexical [scope](scope.md), ...). C was for a while called NB for "new B". C was intimately interconnected with Unix and its [hacker culture](hacking.md), both projects would continue to be developed together, influencing each other. In 1973 Unix was rewritten in C. In 1978 Keninghan and Ritchie published a book called *The C Programming Language*, known as *K&R*, which became something akin the C specification. In March 1987 [Richard Stallman](rms.md) along with others released the first version of [GNU C compiler](gcc.md) -- the official compiler of the [GNU](gnu.md) project and the compiler that would go on to become one of the most widely used. In 1989, the [ANSI C](ansi_c.md) standard, also known as C89, was released by the American ANSI -- this is a very well supported and overall good standard. The same standard was also adopted a year later by the international ISO, so C90 refers to the same language. In 1999 ISO issues a new standard that's known as C99, still a very good standard embraced by [LRS](lrs.md). Later in 2011 and 2017 the standard was revised again to C11 and C17, which are however no longer considered good.
C was developed in 1972 at [Bell Labs](bell_labs.md) alongside the [Unix](unix.md) operating system by [Dennis Ritchie](dennis_ritchie.md) and [Brian Kerninghan](brian_kerninghan.md), as a successor to the [B](b.md) language ([portable](portability.md) language with [recursion](recursion.md)) written by Denis Ritchie and [Ken Thompson](ken_thompson.md), which was in turn inspired by the the [ALGOL](algol.md) language (code blocks, lexical [scope](scope.md), ...). C was for a while called NB for "new B". C was intimately interconnected with Unix and its [hacker culture](hacking.md), both projects would continue to be developed together, influencing each other. In 1973 Unix was rewritten in C. In 1978 Keninghan and Ritchie published a book called *The C Programming Language*, known as *K&R*, which became something akin to the C specification. In March 1987 [Richard Stallman](rms.md) along with others released the first version of [GNU C compiler](gcc.md) -- the official compiler of the [GNU](gnu.md) project and the compiler that would go on to become one of the most widely used. In 1989, the [ANSI C](ansi_c.md) standard, also known as C89, was released by the American ANSI -- this is a very well supported and overall good standard. The same standard was also adopted a year later by the international ISO, so C90 refers to the same language. In 1999 ISO issues a new standard that's known as C99, still a very good standard embraced by [LRS](lrs.md). Later in 2011 and 2017 the standard was revised again to C11 and C17, which are however no longer considered good.
## Standards