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In the world of [computers](computer.md) and [programming](programming.md) (above all in [computer graphics](graphics.md), but also in physics simulations, 3D printing etc.) 3D model is a representation of a [three dimensional](3d.md) object, for example of a [real life](irl.md) object such as a car, [tree](tree.md) or a [dog](dog.md), but also possibly something more abstract like a [fractal](fractal.md) or [function](function.md) plot surface. It is [model](model.md) in [mathematical](math.md) sense, i.e. an [approximation](approximation.md) or idealization of a shape that usually exists in real world but in its infinite complexity couldn't be represented in the computer. A very common thing we'll want to do with a 3D models is to draw it on the screen -- we call this [3D rendering](3d_rendering.md) and can achieve it using various rendering techniques and [algorithms](algorithm.md), but much more can be done with 3D models: for example they're used to perform simulations of the [real world](real_world.md) (e.g. [games](game.md), architectural calculations, car crash simulations, ...), because real world is, as we know, three dimensional. 3D models can be created in various ways too, e.g. manually with 3D modeling software (such as [Blender](blender.md)) by 3D [artists](art.md), by 3D scanning real world objects, automatically using [procedural generation](procgen.md), [artificial intelligence](ai.md) etc. It is even possible to create 3D models without a computer, just with [pen and paper](pen_and_paper.md).
In the world of computer graphics there exist various famous 3D models that are often used for testing and presentation of new algorithms. These include for example the Utah Teapot (Bezier patch model, from 1976) and Stanford Bunny (scanned model, 69451 tris, 35947 verts).
There is a plethora of different 3D model types, the topic is very wide spanning and volume of literature is enormous when examining it in the scope of all possible areas that 3D models are used in because 3D models can really be used and represented in many ways, each of which is a tradeoff of various attributes that have different weights in different areas and industries. Everything is yet more complex by dealing with different methods of 3D rendering that favor different representations of 3D models -- the universal, **mainstream "game" 3D models** that most people are used to seeing are polygonal (basically made of triangles) boundary-representation (recording only surface, not volume) [textured](texture.md) (with "pictures" on their surface) 3D models, but be aware that many different ways of representation are possible and in common use by the industry, for example various volume representations, [voxel](voxel.md) models, [point clouds](point_cloud.md), [implicit surfaces](implicit_surface.md), [spline](spline.md) surfaces, [constructive solid geometry](csg.md), [wireframe](wireframe.md), hybrid etc. Models may also bear additional extra information and features, e.g. material, mass, bone rigs for animation, animation key frames, density information, collision shapes, [LODs](lod.md), even [scripts](scripting.md) and so on.
**3D formats**: situation here is not as simple as it is with images or audio, but there are a few formats that in practice will suffice for most of your models. Firstly the most [KISS](kiss.md) one is probably (wavefront) **obj** -- this is supported by almost every 3D software, it's a [text](text.md) format that's easy to parse and it's even human readable and editable; obj supports most things you will ever need like UV maps and normals, and you can [hack](hack.md) it even for a primitive keyframe animation. So if you can, use obj as your first choice. If you need something a little more advanced, use **COLLADA** (.dae extension) -- this is a bit more [bloated](bloat.md) than obj as it's an [XML](xml.md), but it's still human readable and has more features, for example skeletal animation, instancing, model hierarchy and so on. Another noteworthy format is let's say [STL](stl.md), seen a lot in 3D printing. For other than polygonal models you may have to search a bit or just represent your model in some sane way, for example a [heightmap](heightmap.md) is naturally saved as a grayscale image, voxel model may be saved in some dead simple text format and so on. Also be always sure to **distribute your model in universal format**, i.e. don't just share [Blender](blender.md)'s project file or anything like that, that's like sharing pictures in Photoshop format or sending someone a Word document, only retards do that -- yes, you should also share the project file if possible, but it's more important to release the model in a widely supported, [future proof](future_proof.md) and non discriminating format.

4
90s.md
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It is now confirmed that 1990s (or just 90s, but NEVER "90's") were almost definitely the best decade in recent written [history](history.md), at least in [Europe](europe.md) (the main continent of [Earth](earth.md)) but to a certain extent also in other, less significant parts of the world ([USA](usa.md) etc.). The decade saw a peak of civilization before the [collapse](collapse.md) quickly brought by the symbolic [turn of the millennium](21st_century.md). The bygone era of the 90s still left behind reverberant echoes of their greatness slowly dying out during the subsequent 2000-2010 decade -- according to some still a bearable decade -- but then it all started to quickly plummet downhill regardless. 90s followed the [80s](80s.md) (quite logically, at least to those of above [Trump](trump.md) intellect), a decade that was itself also pretty good, and so in a similar fashion some good old 80s vibes likewise carried on to the 90s.
During the 90s [millennials](millennial.md) (also called gen Y) were born, as well as some of the oldest [zoomers](zoomer.md). The decade was characterized for example by sagging trousers, loose and torn clothes in general, jeans and hoodies, baseball caps turned backwards, vibrant pastel [colors](color.md), optimistic and cheerful mood, [real life](irl.md) friends and sleepovers, [Tamagotchi](tamagotchi.md) and [Pokemon](pokemon.md), cool [digital](digital.md) watches (non-smart), [GameBoy](gameboy.md), [CRT](crt.md) monitors, [floppy](floppy.md) disks, ball [mice](mouse.md), archaic [Internet](internet.md) and [web](www.md) 1.0 through slow dial-up, cassette tapes and walkmans { is it walkmans or walkmen lol? ~drummyfish }, bizarre button cellphones, phone booths in streets, boybands, MTV music, movies on [VHS](vhs.md) (and VHS rental stores), soulful non-[furry](furry.md) cartoons aired only early on Saturday mornings and many other wonderful things.
During the 90s [millennials](millennial.md) (also called gen Y) were born, as well as some of the oldest [zoomers](zoomer.md). The decade was characterized for example by sagging trousers, loose and torn clothes in general, jeans and hoodies, baseball caps turned backwards, vibrant pastel [colors](color.md), optimistic and cheerful mood, [real life](irl.md) friends and sleepovers, [Tamagotchi](tamagotchi.md) and [Pokemon](pokemon.md), cool [digital](digital.md) watches (non-smart), [GameBoy](gameboy.md), [PlayStation](ps1.md), [CRT](crt.md) monitors, [floppy](floppy.md) disks, ball [mice](mouse.md), archaic [Internet](internet.md) and [web](www.md) 1.0 through slow dial-up, cassette tapes and walkmans { is it walkmans or walkmen lol? ~drummyfish }, bizarre button cellphones, phone booths in streets, boybands, MTV music, movies on [VHS](vhs.md) (and VHS rental stores), soulful non-[furry](furry.md) cartoons aired only early on Saturday mornings and many other wonderful things.
So, from the [European](europe.md) viewpoint, here is a short summary of why 90s were so freaking awesome:
@ -57,4 +57,4 @@ So, from the [European](europe.md) viewpoint, here is a short summary of why 90s
- [1980s](80s.md)
- [1960s](60s.md)
- [old](old.md)
- [history](history.md)
- [history](history.md)

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@ -81,6 +81,7 @@ And now to some general tips:
- **honey**: It's not exactly low in calories but it's a good replacement for normal sugar and sweets in times of crisis. Firstly it has considerably less calories than normal sugar, but it's also healthier AND quite filling, so in a crisis instead of eating a whole chocolate it's often enough to take one spoon of honey.
- **[depression](depression.md)**: In depression one lose appetite and starts to lose weight like nothing. Depression sucks but this is a small advantage.
- **when/how to weight oneself**: For accurate tracking one must always weight at the same time of the day, usually morning, and under the same conditions, i.e. without clothes, after peeing etc. The weight jumps up and down quite rapidly, for example we sweat out a lot of liquid during the night etc. It's also pointless to weight every day, weighting every friday for example is cool.
- **[colors](color.md) affect appetite**: It's a psychological effect; red color makes people more hungry (that's why all fast foods use it), but colors such as blue, purple and black on the other hand suppress hunger. Painting one's room blue and spending time in blue environments can therefore lead to eating less.
- **fucking up**: If one's will got broken and he uncontrollably raided the fridge, there are several ways of proceeding. Firstly one can just ignore it, accept this will cost extra time to lose the calories again. One can also "take responsibility" and lose it by skipping the next meal or doing an extra exercise. Some go vomit the food out but this is considered not too good :)
- **initially weight loss goes fast**: This is quite cool, it's probably because the body gets rid of water or something, but the first kilos just go easily.
- **no pussying out, one gets used to the diet**: It takes maybe two to three weeks to get used to eating less, then it becomes a breeze. Modern degenerate people have zero self control and think it's impossible to quit a habit if it involves bearing slight discomfort for more than a day, but it's easy for a real chad. Many challenges in life are hard because it's difficult to DO something, here it's enough to NOT do the thing (eating).

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@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ One of a very frequent questions you may hear a noob ask is **"How can bloat lim
The **path of [degeneracy](degenerate_software.md)** drawn in the graph shows how from a certain breaking point (which may actually appear at different places, the diagram is simplified) many software projects actually start getting less powerful and useful as they get more complex -- not all, some project really do stay on the path of increasing their "richness", but this requires great skills, experience, expertise and also a bit of lucky circumstances; in the zone of huge complexity projects start to get extremely difficult to manage -- non-primary tasks such as organization, maintenance and documentation start taking up so many resources that the primary task of actually programming the software suffers, the project crumbles under its own weight and the developers just try to make it fall slower. This happens mostly in projects made by incompetent [soydevs](soydev.md), i.e. most today's projects. { Thanks to a friend for pointing out this idea. ~drummyfish }
Please do note there may arise disagreements among minimalist groups about where the band is drawn exactly, especially old Unix hackers could be heard arguing for allowing (or even requiring) even trivial programs, maybe as long as the source code isn't shorter than the utility name, but then the discussion might even shift to questions like "what even is a program vs what's just a 10 characters long line" and so on.
Please do note there may arise disagreements among minimalist groups about where the line is drawn exactly, especially old Unix hackers could be heard arguing for allowing (or even requiring) even trivial programs, maybe as long as the source code isn't shorter than the utility name, but then the discussion might even shift to questions like "what even is a program vs what's just a 10 characters long line" and so on.
As a quick [heuristic](heuristic.md) for judging programs you can really take a look at the [lines of code](loc.md) (as long as you know it's a simplification that ignores dependencies, formatting style, language used etc.) and use the following classes (basically derived from how [suckless](suckless.md) programs are often judged):
@ -86,9 +86,9 @@ As a quick [heuristic](heuristic.md) for judging programs you can really take a
- 11 to 100: Very small, can be debugged to a great level, many greatly useful utilities, e.g. [compression](compression.md) programs, may fit this class.
- 101 to 1000: Small "bigger" kinds of programs, often very minimalist implementations of programs that are usually not minimalist in nature like window managers, interactive text editors, web browsers and so on. Simplified version of [comun](comun.md) language, called *minicomun*, fits here.
- 1001 to 5000: Still considered small, a bit more "feature rich" kind of previous class, you may find minimalist 3D games here, quite powerful programming languages, libraries handling complex file formats (that weren't designed to be minimalist) etc. Currently a lot of [LRS](lrs.md) programs like [SAF](saf.md), [small3dlib](small3dlib.md) and [comun](comun.md) would fall here.
- 5001 to 10000: Often imposed upper limit on suckless programs, these programs aren't the smallest possible but may still be called minimalist, they are easily manageable by a single man without much hassle, anyone can modify them and there is a comfortable margin for implementing many "comfort" and fancy features that aren't complete [BS](bullshit.md). [Anarch](anarch.md) might be given as an example (if we subtract lines of code taken by game data and count only pure engine code).
- 10001 to 100000: Here things start to be called real bloat but may still be accepted as a compromise, not an "insanely bloated" program, we have to judge on a case by case basis as the transition towards bloat is gradual, but generally projects here must focus on not growing bigger, priority should be on minimizing. We have to consider anything here bloat unless proven otherwise. Minimalist projects end up here when trying to combine minimalism with some mainstream concept, e.g. implementing a complete operating system with all the standard features, trying to reimplement some mainstream, non-minimalist program etc. Example is [tcc](tcc.md), the C compiler that has a little over 20000 LOC. Also many "good old" mainstream programs like [Doom](doom.md) fall here.
- more: Basically just [bloat](bloat.md), some operating systems can perhaps argue they are comparatively small even within this category, but as a matter of fact very few people can manage a codebase this big, issues of bloat start to play a very significant role here, the project should most likely be split or rewritten from scratch in much more simplified way.
- 5001 to 10000: Often imposed upper limit on suckless programs. These guys aren't the most minimal under the Sun but may still be called minimalist, they are easily manageable by a single man without any significant pain, anybody can fork and modify the code and there is a comfortable margin for patching up additional "quality of life" features that aren't absolute [BS](bullshit.md). [Anarch](anarch.md) may be provided as an example here (if we subtract lines of code taken by game data and count only pure engine code).
- 10001 to 100000: Here code starts to smell and things may start ringing the bloat alarm but still this stuff may be accepted as a compromise, not an "insanely bloated" program, we have to judge on a case by case basis as the transition towards bloat is gradual, but generally projects here must focus on not growing bigger, priority should be on minimizing and bullshit pruning. We have to consider anything here bloat unless proven otherwise. Minimalist projects end up here when trying to combine minimalism with some mainstream concept, e.g. implementing a complete operating system with all the standard features, trying to reimplement some mainstream, non-minimalist program etc. Example is [tcc](tcc.md), the C compiler that has a little over 20000 LOC, or [Licar](licar.md). Also many "good old" mainstream programs like [Doom](doom.md) fall here.
- more: 99.99% pure [bloat](bloat.md), some operating systems can perhaps argue they are comparatively small even in this weight category, but as a matter of fact very few can manage a codebase this big without becoming slaves, bloat is likely the most severe problem of the [project](project.md), the devs should seriously consider splitting it or rewritting from scratch in much more simplified way.
Yes, **bloat is also unecological** and no, it cannot be fixed by replacing fossil fuel cars with cars that run on grass and plastic computers by computers made from recycled cardboards mixed with composted horse shit. It is the immense volume of human ACTIVITY that's required by the bloated technology all around the globe that's inherently unecological by wasting so much effort, keeping focus on maximalism, growth and preventing us from frugality and minimizing resource waste. Just as any other [bullshit](bullshit.md) that requires immense resources to just keep maintaining -- great complexity is just absolutely incompatible with ecology and as much as you dislike it, to achieve truly eco-friendly society we'll have to give up what we have now in favor of something orders of magnitude more simple and if you think otherwise, you are just yet too unexperienced (or remained purposefully ignorant) to have seen the big picture already. Consider that your program having bullshit dependencies such as [Python](python.md), [JavaScript](js.md), [C++](cpp.md), [Java](java.md), [OpenGL](opengl.md), [Vulkan](vulkan.md), [GPU](gpu.md), [VR](vr.md) sets, gigabytes of [RAM](ram.md) etcetc. requires having the inherently unecological system up, it needs millions of people doing bullshit jobs that are inherently wasting resources, increasing CO2 and making them not focus on things that have to be done -- yes, even if we replace plastic straws with [paper straws](greenwashing.md). All those people that make the thousand pages standards that are updated every year, reviews of those standards, writing tons and tons of tests for implementations of those standards, electing other people to make those standards, testing their tests, implementing the standards themselves, optimizing them, all of that collectively needing many billions of lines of code and millions of hours of non-programming activities, it all requires complex bureaucracy, organization and management (complex [version control systems](vcs.md), wikis, buildings, meeting spaces, ...) and communication tools and tons of other bullshit recursively spawning more and more waste -- all of these people require cars to go to work every day (even if some work from home, ultimately only a few can work from home 100% of the time and even so millions others need to physically go to factories to make all those computers, electricity, chair, food and other things those people need), they require keeping a high bandwidth 100% uptime global Internet network maintained, all of this requiring extra buildings, offices, factories, roads, buildings for governments overseeing the building of those buildings, maintenance of those roads etcetc. A newbie programmer (99.99999% programmers in the field nowadays) just don't see all this because they lack the big picture, a woman forced into programming has hard time comprehending an if statement, how do you expect her to see the deep interconnections between technology and society -- she may know that OpenGL is "something with graphics" and it's just there on every computer by default, she can't even picture the complexity that's behind what she sees on the screen. Hence the overall retardation. You just cannot have people living ecologically and at the same time have what we have now. So yes, by supporting and/or creating bloat you are killing the planet, whether you agree with it or not. No, you can't find excuses out of this, no, paper straws won't help, just admit you love point and click "programming without math" of your own shitty Minecraft clones in Godot even for the price of eliminating all life on Earth, that's fine (no it's not but it's better to just not bullshit oneself).
@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ Yes, **bloat is also unecological** and no, it cannot be fixed by replacing foss
## Typical Bloat
The following is a list of software usually considered a good, typical example of bloat. However keep in mind that bloat is a relative term, for example [vim](vim.md) can be seen as a minimalist suckless editor when compared to mainstream software ([IDEs](ide.md)), but at the same time it's pretty bloated when compared to strictly [suckless](suckless.md) programs.
The list in this section shows examples of software usually considered a well illustrative example of bloat. However keep in mind that bloat is a relative term, for example [vim](vim.md) can be seen as a minimalist suckless editor when compared to mainstream software ([IDEs](ide.md)), but at the same time it's pretty bloated when compared to strictly [suckless](suckless.md) programs.
- [Web](web.md) since the onset of "web 2.0" has been steadily becoming more and more bloated with things such as Adobe Flash and [JavaScript](javascript.md) (and billions of its web frameworks). By today the situation about web bloat is reaching almost unbearable levels, especially in [modern](modern.md) sites such as [YouTube](youtube.md). For a great read see [The Website Obesity Crisis](https://idlewords.com/talks/website_obesity.htm).
- Ads, [spyware](spyware.md), [DRM](drm.md), anti-cheats, anti-viruses, anti-sharing, anti-repair and other anti-user "features" are bloat.
@ -117,16 +117,17 @@ The following is a list of software usually considered a good, typical example o
- Practically all commercial [games](games.md) made in the [21st century](21st_century.md) such as [World of Warcraft](wow.md), Call of Duty etc.
- [pulse audio](pulse.md)
- office programs (e.g. M$ Office and [LibreOffice](libreoffice.md)) and a lot of [rich text](rich_text.md)
- [Neural networks](neural_network.md) aka "AI" that is forced into everything nowadays.
- [Neural networks](neural_network.md) AKA "AI" that is forced into everything nowadays.
- [PBR](pbr.md) (physically based rendering) 3D engines
- ...
Some of these programs may be replaced with smaller bloat that basically does the same thing (e.g. produces the same output) just with less bullshit around, for example Libreoffice with [Ted](ted.md), [Godot](godot.md) with [Irrlicht](irrlicht.md), Firefox with [badwolf](badwolf.md) etc., however many times the spectacular pompous results these programs produce just cannot essentially be reproduced by anything minimal, wanting to achieve such a result is then a mistake in itself, committed usually by beginners and minimalist newcomers, the same as wanting to achieve the "Windows experience" on a [GNU](gnu.md) system for example. You will never be able to make an Unreal Engine style graphics with a minimalist game engine, just like you won't be able to shoot up your school with well written poetry (in both cases the former is something bad that however most Americans want to do, the latter is something truly good they should want instead). To truly get rid of bloat one has to become able to use truly minimal programs; this means unlearning the doctrine that preaches "bigger results = better results", one has to understand that minimal results themselves are superior AND in addition allow using superior programs (i.e. minimal ones).
Some of said programs may be replaced with smaller bloat that does practically the same job (e.g. in terms of output) just with less bullshit around (e.g. with simpler GUI, or no GUI at all), for example Libreoffice with [Ted](ted.md), [Godot](godot.md) with [Irrlicht](irrlicht.md), Firefox with [badwolf](badwolf.md) etc., however many times the spectacular pompous results these programs produce just cannot essentially be reproduced by anything minimal, wanting to achieve such a result is then a mistake in itself, committed usually by beginners and minimalist newcomers, the same as wanting to achieve the "Windows experience" on a [GNU](gnu.md) system for example. You will never be able to make an Unreal Engine style graphics with a minimalist game engine, just like you won't be able to shoot up your school with well written poetry (in both cases the former is something bad that however most Americans want to do, the latter is something truly good they should want instead). To truly do away with bloat one must learn to live only with minimalist programs and need only results they can produce; that means unlearning the "bigger = better" doctrine, one has to understand that minimal results themselves are superior AND in addition allow using superior programs (i.e. minimal ones).
## Medium And Small Bloat
Besides the typical big programs that even normies admit are bloated there exists also a smaller bloat which most humanoids probably don't identify as such but that is nonetheless still considered unnecessarily complex by experts and/or idealists and/or hardcore minimalists, including [us](lrs.md).
Small bloat is a subject of popular [jokes](joke.md) such as "OMG he uses a [Unicode](unicode.md) font -- BLOAT!!!". These are good jokes, it's healthy to make fun out of one's own idealism. But watch out, this doesn't mean small bloat is only a joke concept at all, it plays an important role in designing good technology. Having categorized something as *small bloat* doesn't necessarily imply us having to completely avoid and reject the thing or concept, we may just try to mitigate the impact, for example by making it an optional choice. In context of today's PCs using a Unicode font is not really an issue for performance, memory consumption or anything in these terms, but we should keep in mind it may not be so on much weaker computers or for example post-[collapse](collapse.md) computers, and using Unicode implies someone has to make and maintain the Unicode standard, which IS a tedious, difficult and resource hungry task for humans, so we should try to design systems that don't [depend](dependency.md) on Unicode if at all possible.
Small bloat has traditionally been a subject of popular [jokes](joke.md) such as "OMG he uses a [Unicode](unicode.md) font -- BLOAT!!!". These are good jokes, it's healthy to make [fun](fun.md) out of one's own idealism. But watch out, this doesn't mean small bloat is only a joke concept at all, it plays an important role in designing good technology. Having categorized something as *small bloat* doesn't necessarily imply us having to completely avoid and reject the thing or concept, we may just try to mitigate the impact, for example by making it an optional choice. In context of today's PCs using a Unicode font is not really an issue for performance, memory consumption or anything in these terms, but we should keep in mind it may not be so on much weaker computers or for example post-[collapse](collapse.md) computers, and using Unicode implies someone has to make and maintain the Unicode standard, which IS a tedious, difficult and resource hungry task for humans, so we should try to design systems that don't [depend](dependency.md) on Unicode if at all possible.
Also please remember that relatively small libraries for things that are easily done without a library, such as [fixed point](fixed_point.md) arithmetic, are also bloat. This is a case of [pseudominimalism](pseudominimalism.md).

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@ -180,4 +180,5 @@ printDivisorTree:
- [uxn](uxn.md)
- [minim](minim.md)
- [Oberon](oberon.md)
- [C](c.md)
- [C](c.md)
- [conum](conum.md)

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# Conum
EXTREME WORK IN PROGRESS
{ I just got the idea, gonna leave some drafts here for now. }
Conum (for *common number*) is a work in progress format/[data type](data_type.md) for [computer](computer.md) representation of [numbers](number.md), or rather a parameterized class of such types which allow to simply specify all commonly used types of numbers, including signed and unsigned integers, [fixed](fixed_point.md) and [floating](float.md) point numbers etc. This was thought up by [drummyfish](drummyfish.md), but it's possible that someone else already invented it because it's pretty simple and obvious. This should be the ultimate, [minimalist](minimalism.md), most [beautiful](beauty.md) way of handling numbers and as such may end up being used in the [public domain computer](public_domain_computer.md).
## The Gist
IT'S ALL IN THE STATE OF A ROUGH IDEA NOW
the basic approach:
1. Create a "[logarithmic](log.md)" unsigned integer type with one parameter saying the "amount" to which it is logarithmic. If this parameter is 0, it reduces to normal, linear integers.
2. Add another parameter that simply states the number of fixed fractional bits. Again, 0 will result in a purely integer type, higher values will create either fixed point (with linear integers) or floating point (otherwise).
3. Add another parameter specifying the way of representing sign. This may include no sign, single sign bit, one's complement and [two's complement](twos_complement.md).
A number will be represented by *N* bits, out of which *E* are reserved for "exponent" value (*e*) and *B* for "base" value (*b*). For example a 5 bit type with *E = 3* will look like this:
```
e2 e1 e0 b1 b0
```
Considering only unsigned integers now, the number this represents is:
```
x = (2^B + b) * 2^e - 2^B
```
Basically imagine this: to decode a number, write down 1 and follow it by the *b* bits, for example for a value (5 bit with *E = 3*) `01010` start by writing `110`. Then shift this all left by *e* and subtract *100*, i.e. `110 << 10 = 11000` and `11000 - 100 = 10100` (the subtraction is here because otherwise the lowest number we could represent would be `100`, so we just subtract it). So the original value represents the number 20. This creates a number series that increases more and more rapidly (how quickly depends on *E* we set). Here is a small example of how 5 bit values interpret under different settings of *E* (note that 0 gives just normal integers):
| bit str.| E = 0 | E = 1 | E = 2 | E = 3 |
| ------- | ----- | ----------- | ------------- | ---------------- |
| 00000 | 0 | 0 (000000) | 0 (0000000) | 0 (0000000000) |
| 00001 | 1 | 1 (000001) | 1 (0000001) | 1 (0000000001) |
| 00010 | 2 | 2 (000010) | 2 (0000010) | 2 (0000000010) |
| 00011 | 3 | 3 (000011) | 3 (0000011) | 3 (0000000011) |
| 00100 | 4 | 4 (000100) | 4 (0000100) | 4 (0000000100) |
| 00101 | 5 | 5 (000101) | 5 (0000101) | 6 (0000000110) |
| 00110 | 6 | 6 (000110) | 6 (0000110) | 8 (0000001000) |
| 00111 | 7 | 7 (000111) | 7 (0000111) | 10 (0000001010) |
| 01000 | 8 | 8 (001000) | 8 (0001000) | 12 (0000001100) |
| 01001 | 9 | 9 (001001) | 10 (0001010) | 16 (0000010000) |
| 01010 | 10 | 10 (001010) | 12 (0001100) | 20 (0000010100) |
| 01011 | 11 | 11 (001011) | 14 (0001110) | 24 (0000011000) |
| 01100 | 12 | 12 (001100) | 16 (0010000) | 28 (0000011100) |
| 01101 | 13 | 13 (001101) | 18 (0010010) | 36 (0000100100) |
| 01110 | 14 | 14 (001110) | 20 (0010100) | 44 (0000101100) |
| 01111 | 15 | 15 (001111) | 22 (0010110) | 52 (0000110100) |
| 10000 | 16 | 16 (010000) | 24 (0011000) | 60 (0000111100) |
| 10001 | 17 | 18 (010010) | 28 (0011100) | 76 (0001001100) |
| 10010 | 18 | 20 (010100) | 32 (0100000) | 92 (0001011100) |
| 10011 | 19 | 22 (010110) | 36 (0100100) | 108 (0001101100) |
| 10100 | 20 | 24 (011000) | 40 (0101000) | 124 (0001111100) |
| 10101 | 21 | 26 (011010) | 44 (0101100) | 156 (0010011100) |
| 10110 | 22 | 28 (011100) | 48 (0110000) | 188 (0010111100) |
| 10111 | 23 | 30 (011110) | 52 (0110100) | 220 (0011011100) |
| 11000 | 24 | 32 (100000) | 56 (0111000) | 252 (0011111100) |
| 11001 | 25 | 34 (100010) | 64 (1000000) | 316 (0100111100) |
| 11010 | 26 | 36 (100100) | 72 (1001000) | 380 (0101111100) |
| 11011 | 27 | 38 (100110) | 80 (1010000) | 444 (0110111100) |
| 11100 | 28 | 40 (101000) | 88 (1011000) | 508 (0111111100) |
| 11101 | 29 | 42 (101010) | 96 (1100000) | 636 (1001111100) |
| 11110 | 30 | 44 (101100) | 104 (1101000) | 764 (1011111100) |
| 11111 | 31 | 46 (101110) | 112 (1110000) | 892 (1101111100) |
Now the point is that this is quite elegant, simple, backwards compatible generalization of direct representation of binary numbers, which can further very easily be extended to fixed and floating point merely by considering some given number of the represented number's bits as fractional, plus we can also quite trivially add sign e.g. by literally taking two's complement (which will solve he issue of double zeros etc.). It's super general and overcomplicated like [posits](posit.md) (which have variable size fields and require a whole paper to be explained).
TO BE CONTINUED
## See Also
- [comun](comun.md)

View file

@ -8,7 +8,9 @@ Except for [drummyfish](drummyfish.md) only fascists live in the country, essent
**There is literally NOTHING in this shitty country**, it doesn't make any sense for anyone to go there. No, girls won't sleep with you unless you pay. Sea? The country is as far away from the sea as it gets on the continent. Mountains? Nope, there's maybe one or two medium sized hills. Nice nature, like some cool waterfalls or something? Nope, plastic shit everywhere, roads, light pollution, only boring animals and normal generic trees. All bodies of water are non-transparent dark green/brown swamp with clouds of mosquitoes, you won't find any stationary clear water, probably due to shitty geology or something (for example in Croatia even stationary fresh water is clear). Nice weather? Nope, most of the time there is autumn weather, too cold to go swimming, too hot for snow to fall, it's always either windy or raining and if you have allergies don't even try to go out. There are great many mosquitoes and annoying bugs though. Nice architecture? No, just depressive old soviet buildings or ugly capitalist shit. Nice cities? No lol, one of the most famous cities, Ostrava, is just famous for drowning in smog, people of the city made that part of their identity. Prague? That's the most shitty garbage city on [Earth](earth.md), there is literally nothing, just one old bridge, there is NOTHING else in there, and the bridge looks like shit anyway. Furthermore worst human scum lives in Prague, it's like little [USA](usa.md), basically a city of youtubers, it has the greatest concentration of cretins on square meter, it makes you wanna kill yourself just to hear someone talk or see someone's face there -- in fact in Prague there is a bridge specifically dedicated to suicides because suicide is in such a high demand there.
Czech [language](human_language.md) is unironically **the worst language** that there ever was or ever will be. Firstly it sounds horrible, secondly it's the hardest language on Earth, it has seven cases and declinations and things that make every word have like 20 distinct forms (e.g. "to teach": ucit, ucil, ucila, ucilo, ucili jsme, ucili jste, ucili, ucim, ucis, uci, ucime, ucite, budu ucit, budes ucit, ucil bych, ucila bys, ucili bychom, ... ; "dog": pes, psa, psu, psovi, psi, pse, psy, psum, psech, pejsek, pejsku, pejskovi, pejsky, ... ; "cat": kocka, kocce, kocku, kockou, kocky, kockam, kocicka, kocicce, kocicku, kocickami, ...), NOT EVEN such essential things as forming plural or calling someone are simple at all (e.g. word/plural/vocative: pes/psi/pse, kocka/kocky/kocko, dum/domy/dome, stroj/stroje/stroji, ... do you see any pattern? probably not) PLUS, according to Guinness World Record Book, it also contains the most difficult sound to pronounce (that *r* with arrow above it, great many natives actually can't say it, it's called *rackovani*), there are so many irregularities that children spend whole years at school just hardcore memorizing when to write *y* versus *i* (which are pronounced completely the same, you just have to know which one to write because why not), also for example commas and capitalization of words have strict, extremely difficult rules that again have to be memorized. AND all this effort is for nothing, it doesn't make a slightest sense to learn the language because no one excepts a few idiots in middle of Europe speak it (and not even they speak it well), you will literally hear it nowhere else. So that's another thing.
Czech [language](human_language.md) is unironically **the worst language** that there ever was or ever will be. Firstly it sounds horrible, secondly it's the hardest language on [Earth](earth.md), it has seven cases and declinations/inflections and things that make every word have like 20 distinct forms (e.g. "to teach": ucit, ucil, ucila, ucilo, ucili jsme, ucili jste, ucili, ucim, ucis, uci, ucime, ucite, budu ucit, budes ucit, ucil bych, ucila bys, ucili bychom, ... ; "dog": pes, psa, psu, psovi, psi, pse, psy, psum, psech, pejsek, pejsku, pejskovi, pejsky, ... ; "cat": kocka, kocce, kocku, kockou, kocky, kockam, kocicka, kocicce, kocicku, kocickami, ...), NOT EVEN such essential things as forming plural or calling someone are simple at all (e.g. word/plural/vocative: pes/psi/pse, kocka/kocky/kocko, dum/domy/dome, stroj/stroje/stroji, ... do you see any pattern? probably not) PLUS, according to Guinness World Record Book, it also contains the most difficult sound to pronounce (that *r* with arrow above it, great many natives actually can't say it, it's called *rackovani*), there are so many irregularities that children spend whole years at school just hardcore memorizing when to write *y* versus *i* (which are pronounced completely the same, you just have to know which one to write because why not), also for example commas and capitalization of words have strict, extremely difficult rules that again have to be memorized. AND all this effort is for nothing, it doesn't make a slightest sense to learn the language because no one excepts a few idiots in middle of Europe speak it (and not even they speak it well), you will literally hear it nowhere else. So that's another thing.
IMPORTANT NOTE: Czech language knows the word kurva, which has the same meaning as kurwa in Polish, but is written with *v* instead of *w*.
The whole Czech [politics](politics.md) is a gigantically ridiculous [joke](jokes.md) not even worth discussing too much, but for example it's true that Czechia had the worst presidents of every country, even in comparison with African shitholes and so on. Havel, the only president who came before capitalism, was alright, after him only absolute retards came, every one was much worse than all the rest combined (that's mathematically impossible but they still managed to do it). For example Zeman was the worst retard in the whole country so he got elected, he looked like Vogon from Hitchhiker's Guide to Galaxy except worse, was constantly drunk, rude, had to be carried around like a little baby by his bodyguards because he couldn't walk straight, he almost threw up on national crown jewels and his most famous moment was when he tried to demonstrate his knowledge of [English](english.md) by explaining to some reporter the meaning of the word "pussy" while getting the pronunciation completely wrong. Klaus was a 10 [IQ](iq.md) capitalist thief who, despite making millions as a president, was stealing pencils while being filmed on camera. You can't make this shit up. The current president is a narcissist professional murderer and war promoter.
@ -22,6 +24,42 @@ Soon it's going to be destroyed by Putin's nukes.
All in all avoid this piece of crap place.
## Czech Language Basics
Here are some key phrases to know:
| Czech | English |
| --------------------------- | -------------------------------------- |
| Strč prst skrz krk. | typical Czech sentence |
| ano | "yes" |
| ne | "no" (can also mean "yes" from a woman)|
| ahoj | "hi" (doesn't imply you're a pirate) |
| čau | "hello" or "bye" (informal) |
| dobrý den | "good day", generic greeting phrase |
| Jak se máš? | "How are you?" |
| na shledanou | "goodbye" |
| Kde je tady obchod s obuví? | "Where's the shoe store?" |
| Prosím neznásilňujte mě. | "Please don't rape me." |
| Prosím znásilněte mě. | "Please rape me." |
| Už budu! | "I'm gonna come!" |
| Zabij se. | Kill yourself. |
| kuře | chicken |
| pes | [dog](dog.md) |
| kočka | [cat](cat.md) |
| kočkopes | catdog |
| piča (also píča or pyča) | cunt |
| kurva | literally "whore", generic curse |
| čurák | dick |
| prdel | ass, also [fun](fun.md) |
| hergot | "oh my god", generic curse, Germanism |
| sakra | "damn", lighter curse |
| hovno | [shit](shit.md), universal reply |
| do prdele | generic curse, literally "to the ass" |
| do piči (do píči, ...) | generic curse, literally "to the cunt" |
| naser si | "take a shit", generic refusal |
| negr | [nigger](nigger.md) |
| buzerant | [faggot](faggot.md) |
## See Also
- [Jara Cimrman](jara_cimrman.md)

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@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
{ My email is currently: drummyfish AT disroot DOT org. ~drummyfish }
Drummyfish (pronounced *drummy fish*, also known as *tastyfish*, *drummy*, *drumy*, *smellyfish* and *i forcefeed my diarrhea to capitalism*) is a [programmer](programming.md), [anarchopacifist](anpac.md), [heretic](heresy.md), wannabe [generalist](generalism.md), ban [speedrunner](speedrun.md) and proponent of [free software/culture](free_software.md), who started [this wiki](lrs_wiki.md) and invented the kind of [software](software.md) it focuses on: [less retarded software](lrs.md) (LRS), as well as [less retarded society](less_retarded_society.md). Besides others he has written [Anarch](anarch.md), [small3dlib](small3dlib.md), [raycastlib](raycastlib.md), [smallchesslib](smallchesslib.md), [tinyphysicsengine](tinyphysicsengine.md), [SAF](saf.md) and [comun](comun.md) (and some older but technologically shittier projects such as [LibreMage](libremage.md), [Steamer Duck](steamer_duck.md) etc.). He has also been creating [free culture](free_culture.md) [art](art.md) and otherwise contributing to free projects such as [OpenMW](openm.md); he buys and digitizes old public domain books and has been contributing with [public domain](pd.md) art of all kind (2D, 3D, music, ...) and writings to [Wikipedia](wikipedia.md) (no longer cause ban), [Wikimedia Commons](wm_commons.md) (also banned now), [opengameart](oga.md), [libregamewiki](lgw.md), freesound and others. Drummyfish is insane/neuroretarded, suffering from anxiety/[depression](depression.md)/etcetc. (diagnosed [avoidant personality disorder](avpd.md), also known as minimalist's brain damage, with paranoid-schizoid features; see also [psyops](psyops.md)) and has more than once been called a [schizo](schizo.md), though psychiatrists didn't officially diagnose him with schizophrenia (yet). { UPDATE: now they told me I am "schizoid" cluster A or something, which according to Wikipedia is a "schizophrenia-like personality disorder". ~drummyfish } He sometimes [self harms](self_harm.md), both physically and socially. All in all, psychiatrists say he is insane but in reality he is the only sane man in the world, and that is what he suffers from. Due to spreading uncensored truth, helping and loving others and revealing corruption he is banned and censored on many places on the Internet, including [Wikipedia](wikipedia.md) (literally just linked to personal site from personal page), Wikimedia Commons, [4chan](4chan.md) (made a pedo joke), [GitLab](gitlab.md) (hosted this wiki lol), codeberg (because "?reasons?"), watchpeopledie.tv (made a sarcastic Nazi joke or something), many [subreddits](reddit.md), some [Xonotic](xonotic.md) and [Openarena](openarena.md) servers, ["Rational"Wiki](rationalwiki.md) { well, probably, I just vandalized it and never came back to check lol :D ~drummyfish } etc. He is also being constantly stalked by some pissed off impotent pedophobe (:D), whom he still loves by the way <3, and which drummyfish appreciates as it makes him set many ban [speedrunning](speedrun.md) records and also become more self sufficient and not rely so much on the mainstream, censored platforms. Drummyfish also has no [real life](irl.md) and is pretty retarded when it comes to leading [projects](project.md) or otherwise dealing with people or [practical life](irl.md). Drummyfish's political compass is off the charts, he once tried to take the political compass test, the computer got confused and exploded. He is also a [wizard](wizard.md).
Drummyfish (pronounced *drummy fish*, also known as *tastyfish*, *drummy*, *drumy*, *smellyfish* and *i forcefeed my diarrhea to capitalism*) is a [programmer](programming.md), [anarchopacifist](anpac.md), [heretic](heresy.md), wannabe [generalist](generalism.md), ban [speedrunner](speedrun.md) and proponent of [free software/culture](free_software.md), who started [this wiki](lrs_wiki.md) and invented the kind of [software](software.md) it focuses on: [less retarded software](lrs.md) (LRS), as well as [less retarded society](less_retarded_society.md). Besides others he has written [Anarch](anarch.md), [small3dlib](small3dlib.md), [raycastlib](raycastlib.md), [smallchesslib](smallchesslib.md), [tinyphysicsengine](tinyphysicsengine.md), [SAF](saf.md) and [comun](comun.md) (and some older but technologically shittier projects such as [LibreMage](libremage.md), [Steamer Duck](steamer_duck.md) etc.). He has also been creating [free culture](free_culture.md) [art](art.md) and otherwise contributing to free projects such as [OpenMW](openm.md); he buys and digitizes old public domain books and has been contributing with [public domain](pd.md) art of all kind (2D, 3D, music, ...) and writings to [Wikipedia](wikipedia.md) (no longer cause ban), [Wikimedia Commons](wm_commons.md) (also banned now), [opengameart](oga.md), [libregamewiki](lgw.md), freesound and others. Drummyfish is insane/neuroretarded/subnormal, suffering from anxiety/[depression](depression.md)/etcetc. (diagnosed [avoidant personality disorder](avpd.md), also known as minimalist's brain damage, with paranoid-schizoid features; see also [psyops](psyops.md)) and has more than once been called a [schizo](schizo.md), though psychiatrists didn't officially diagnose him with schizophrenia (yet). { UPDATE: now they told me I am "schizoid" cluster A or something, which according to Wikipedia is a "schizophrenia-like personality disorder". ~drummyfish } He sometimes [self harms](self_harm.md), both physically and socially. All in all, psychiatrists say he is insane but in reality he is the only sane man in the world, and that is what he suffers from. Due to spreading uncensored truth, helping and loving others and revealing corruption he is banned and censored on many places on the Internet, including [Wikipedia](wikipedia.md) (literally just linked to personal site from personal page), Wikimedia Commons, [4chan](4chan.md) (made a pedo joke), [GitLab](gitlab.md) (hosted this wiki lol), codeberg (because "?reasons?"), watchpeopledie.tv (made a sarcastic Nazi joke or something), many [subreddits](reddit.md), some [Xonotic](xonotic.md) and [Openarena](openarena.md) servers, ["Rational"Wiki](rationalwiki.md) { well, probably, I just vandalized it and never came back to check lol :D ~drummyfish } etc. He is also being constantly stalked by some pissed off impotent pedophobe (:D), whom he still loves by the way <3, and which drummyfish appreciates as it makes him set many ban [speedrunning](speedrun.md) records and also become more self sufficient and not rely so much on the mainstream, censored platforms. Drummyfish also has no [real life](irl.md) and is pretty retarded when it comes to leading [projects](project.md) or otherwise dealing with people or [practical life](irl.md). Drummyfish's political compass is off the charts, he once tried to take the political compass test, the computer got confused and exploded. He is also a [wizard](wizard.md).
In addition to basically being a giant walking disorder, **drummyfish is also the most physically disgusting bastard on [Earth](earth.md)**, no [woman](woman.md) ever loved him, he is so ugly people get [suicidal](suicide.md) thoughts from seeing any part of him. He is also very stupid. Drummyfish also **smells like nightmare**, even after he showers, he was independently told so by many different people, he can't even exist in society, his smell kills everything in 1km radius. When he was younger, though, he looked a little more handsome and may even have received a handjob and blowjob from a 16 year old (LEGALLY, age of consent in his country is 15). Still no real sex tho.
@ -40,6 +40,41 @@ Drummyfish is also the biggest expert on sexuality of all times and he says this
Drummyfish will probably [kill himself](suicide.md) one day -- likely not that soon (who knows), but it's planned, after all there is nothing worse than living under [capitalism](capitalism.md), death sounds like such a relief. There are still some [projects](needed.md) he wants to finish first; unless something triggers him and he just randomly jumps under a train one day or gets nuked by Putin, he is planning to finish some of the projects to leave something behind. The current plan is to try to live somehow, outside or on the edge of society, minimize contact with people, do good and avoid evil as much as possible. Once closest relatives are gone, then with no more ties to the current [shitty place](czechia.md), he will walk on foot towards the Mediterranean sea, a place that has always attracted him more than anywhere else, and there he will simply die either of illness, injury or hunger, or he will simply swim for the sunset and never return. That's a death one can even look forward to. There, at his beloved sea, drummyfish will meet his fate and find his final resting place and the peace he so much desired and struggled for through his whole life. Hopefully his body will feed a few hungry fish.
## Doxx, Cringe, "Sensitive" Info And Other Fun Stuff
What follows is an info about Drummyfish that might be called """sensitive""":
- name: Miloslav Číž
- birth: 24.08.1990, 11:30 AM, in Zlin ([Czechia](czechia.md)), 2.95 kg, 49 cm, first child
- [race](race.md): white
- sex AKA gender: male
- height: 175 cm
- weight: 57 kg at the time of writing (last 10 years min. and max.: 54 kg, 87 kg)
- eye color: people say blue, he thinks it's green
- hair color: dark
- handedness: right (both hand and foot)
- blood type: AB
- Mayer-Briggs: INTJ
- orientation/fetishes: basically straight but perverted, would fuck anyone and everything indiscriminately (with consent of course)
- penis length (flaccid, erect): 9.5 cm, 16 cm
- masturbation frequency: now around once in 2-3 days (in horny periods can go up to twice a day, in depression may completely stop)
- date of virginity loss: no
- [IQ](iq.md) (SD 15): bullshit ranging anywhere from 120 to 151, at Mensa he got 148 but he trained for it a bit before because it was at the time when he was very insecure about his IQ, in paper and online self tests normally somewhere around 130, at current time probably half of that as Internet killed all the brain cells.
- [DNA](dna.md) stuff: maternal haplogroup HV (HVR1 mutations: 16093C, 16129A, 16221T, 16519C), paternal haplogroup E1b1b { No idea what this stuff means, if anyone can explain I'll appreciate. ~drummyfish }
- other: anosmia (no sense of smell), hallux varus (foot toe too far apart from other fingers), nasal adenoids removed in childhood, from age of 20 anxiety and depression (taking antidepressants, [AvPD](avpd.md)), in 2006 broken instep of right foot, NOT Covid vaccinated, weird issues with sight (doctors say it's "psychosomatic" but he thinks he has some shit in his brain), wore dental braces, wisdom teeth NOT removed (fuck dentists), has migraines with aura but usually without headaches
- ...
Do you sometimes (or always) feel like a total loser dipshit? Also maybe trying to [conceal your identity](privacy.md) in order to erase the cringes of your dark past? No need to worry, everybody has stupid fuck up moments, especially at younger years. To alleviate your fears of someone finding out, here are some **embarrassing moments** from drummyfish's life to make your day better:
- In high school physical education he wore the same, sweat soaked clothes for a WHOLE YEAR without washing them. No, that's not a [joke](jokes.md), it just happened because firstly he doesn't have the sense of smell and secondly he just didn't care much, he didn't give it much thought. It was only after a few months had passed when he realized his classmates started to maintain a minimum 10 meter distance and then someone told him straight away that he smelled like a pile of garbage.
- When he was very young (around 1st grade), he and his friend decided to show penises to each other. Drummyfish was surprised that the friend's foreskin could move so easily as at the time his own foreskin was somehow "stuck" (apparently it happens to children). Drummyfish also had sexual desires from very young age, even homosexual and zoophilic ones, which is completely normal. He started to masturbate at the age 11.
- At a young age he once returned from a camping school trip with his ballsack full of ticks, his father had to remove them, it was very awkward.
- He was kicked out of a cell phone store because he played with a test phone for too long (it was probably Nokia 6600, played the [Lord of the Rings](lotr.md) Gandalf game). This happened during his period of obsession with the [Nokia](nokia.md) [Symbian](symbian.md) phones which, of course, he couldn't afford, and thus was left with the only option of playing with the phones at the store. The event wasn't so bad but it traumatized him a little.
- When he was young he overlooked an "out of order" sign on a public toilet urinal and peed into it, the toilet guy yelled at him and kicked him out :'D Ouch.
- Once he got scammed at the bus station, without hesitation he signed a random paper someone handed to him because he cannot say no [in real life](irl.md). He also lost a very significant amount of money for the same reason, he got asked for a loan (several times), never saw the money again.
- Once in a lifetime he actually got the courage to strike up a conversation with a total stranger when he spotted a dirty old [homeless](homelessness.md) man standing on a corner, he approached the man and asked if he wanted some [money](money.md), turned out the guy wasn't homeless [LMAO](lmao.md) :'D OH FUCK I still cringe at this.
- ...
## See Also
- [people](people.md)

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@ -4,10 +4,12 @@ In programming floating point (colloquially just *float*) is a way of representi
Back in the earlier days of personal computers -- like the early [90s](90s.md) -- hardware accelerated floating point still wasn't completely common, for example Intel 80286 didn't have a built-in FPU, it had to be bought extra, and that was usually done only by professionals like engineers and scientists, games didn't really use floating point. Integrated FPU became standard only later on.
**Floating point is tricky**, it works most of the time but a danger lies in programmers relying on this kind of [magic](magic.md) too much, some new generation programmers may not even be very aware of how float works. Even though the principle is not difficult to understand, the emergent complexity of the math can get really complex and practical problems of implementation and standardization don't help at either. One floating point expression may evaluate differently on different systems, for example due to different rounding settings. Floating point can introduce [chaotic](chaos.md) behavior into linear systems as it inherently makes rounding errors and so becomes a nonlinear system (source: http://foldoc.org/chaos). One common pitfall of float is working with big and small numbers at the same time -- due to differing precision at different scales small values simply get lost when mixed with big numbers and sometimes this has to be worked around with tricks (see e.g. [this](http://the-witness.net/news/2022/02/a-shader-trick/) devlog of The Witness where a float time variable sent into [shader](shader.md) is periodically reset so as to not grow too large and cause the mentioned issue). Another famous trickiness of float is that you shouldn't really be comparing them for equality with a normal `==` operator as small rounding errors may make even mathematically equal expressions unequal (i.e. you should use some range comparison instead).
**Floating point is tricky**, it works most of the time but a danger lies in programmers relying on this kind of [magic](magic.md) too much, some new generation programmers may not even be very aware of how floats internally work. Even though the principle is not difficult to understand, the emergent complexity of the math can get really complex and practical problems of implementation and standardization don't help at either. One floating point expression may evaluate differently on different systems, for example due to different rounding settings. Floating point can introduce [chaotic](chaos.md) behavior into linear systems as it inherently makes rounding errors and so becomes a nonlinear system (source: http://foldoc.org/chaos). One common pitfall of float is working with big and small numbers at the same time -- due to differing precision at different scales small values simply get lost when mixed with big numbers and sometimes this has to be worked around with tricks (see e.g. [this](http://the-witness.net/news/2022/02/a-shader-trick/) devlog of The Witness where a float time variable sent into [shader](shader.md) is periodically reset so as to not grow too large and cause the mentioned issue). Another famous trickiness of float is that you shouldn't really be comparing them for equality with a normal `==` operator as small rounding errors may make even mathematically equal expressions unequal (i.e. you should use some range comparison instead).
And there is more: floating point behavior really depends on the language you're using (and possibly even compiler, its setting etc.) and it may not be always completely defined/specified, leading to possible [nondeterministic](determinism.md) behavior which can cause real trouble e.g. in physics engines. This may also lead to nasty bugs and trouble with [portability](portability.md) (i.e. assuring the exact same behavior on all platforms).
There is also a bit of an unfortunate situation with standardization. The widely adopted IEEE 754 standard is not nearly flawless in design, it's actually kind of bad but also came to be widely established and supported in all hardware so much so that it's immensely difficult to replace it even with an objectively better ways of handling floating point numbers, for example [posits](posit.md).
{ Really as I'm now getting down the float rabbit hole I'm seeing what a huge mess it all is, I'm not nearly an expert on this so maybe I've written some BS here, which just confirms how messy floats are. Anyway, from the articles I'm reading even being an expert on this issue doesn't seem to guarantee a complete understanding of it :) Just avoid floats if you can. ~drummyfish }
For starers consider the following snippet (let's now assume the standard 32 bit IEEE float etc.):
@ -120,3 +122,4 @@ The following table shows approximate resolution (i.e. distance to next represen
- [posit](posit.md)
- [fixed point](fixed_point.md)
- [conum](conum.md)

View file

@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
*Not to be [confused](often_confused.md) with [Java](java.md).*
JavaScript (JS) is a very [popular](shit.md), highly [shitty](shit.md) [bloated](bloat.md) [scripting](script.md) [programming language](programming_language.md) used mainly on the [web](www.md). The language is basically the centerpoint of [web development](webdev.md), possibly the worst area a programmer can find himself in, so it is responsible for a great number of [suicides](suicide.md), the language is infamously surrounded by a clusterfuck of most toxic [frameworks](framework.md) you can imagine and a curious fact is also that people who program in JavaScript are less intelligent than people who don't program at all. JavaScript is NOT to be confused with an unrelated language called [Java](java.md), which for some time used to be used on the web too but works very differently. JavaScript should also not be confused with [ECMAScript](ecmascript.md), a language standard which JavaScript is based on but to which it adds yet more antifeatures, i.e. JavaScript is a dialect of ECMAScript (other similar ECMAScript-based languages are e.g. ActionScript and JScript). [LRS](lrs.md) stance towards this language is clear: as any other mainstream [modern](modern.md) language **JavaScript is an absolutely unacceptable choice for any serious project**, though it may be used for quick experiments and ugly temporary programs as the language is high level, i.e. extremely easy, it doesn't require any ability to think, it works in every browser (so you get a kind of [multiplatformness](multiplatform.md)) and allows making things such as [GUI](gui.md) and visualizations super quickly and easily. But remember that this kind of "comfort" always comes for a cost too high to pay.
JavaScript (JS) is a very [popular](shit.md), highly [shitty](shit.md) [bloated](bloat.md) [scripting](script.md) [programming language](programming_language.md) used mainly on the [web](www.md). The language is basically the centerpoint of [web development](webdev.md), possibly the worst area a programmer can find himself in, so it is responsible for a great number of [suicides](suicide.md), the language is infamously surrounded by a clusterfuck of most toxic [frameworks](framework.md) you can imagine and a curious fact is also that people who program in JavaScript are less intelligent than people who don't program at all. JavaScript is NOT to be confused with an unrelated language called [Java](java.md), which for some time used to be used on the web too but works very differently. JavaScript should also not be confused with [ECMAScript](ecmascript.md), a language standard which JavaScript is based on but to which it adds yet more antifeatures, i.e. JavaScript is a dialect of ECMAScript (other similar ECMAScript-based languages are e.g. ActionScript and JScript). By now it's a common knowledge that JavaScript is used exclusively to implement antifeatures such [DRM](drm.md), cryptominers, [spyware](spyware.md), [bloat](bloat.md), [ads](marketing.md) and CO2 increasers ([YouTube](youtube.md) started to artificially throttle the [CPU](cpu.md) of browsers with adblocks to punish them). [LRS](lrs.md) stance towards this language is clear: as any other mainstream [modern](modern.md) language **JavaScript is an absolutely unacceptable choice for any serious project**, though it may be used for quick experiments and ugly temporary programs as the language is high level, i.e. extremely easy, it doesn't require any ability to think, it works in every browser (so you get a kind of [multiplatformness](multiplatform.md)) and allows making things such as [GUI](gui.md) and visualizations super quickly and easily. But remember that this kind of "comfort" always comes for a cost too high to pay.
**How bloated is JavaScript?** Very much. A [MINIMALIST](minimalism.md) [C](c.md) implementation called QuickJS has around 80K [lines of code](loc.md) -- compare e.g. to about 25K for [tcc](tcc.md), a similar style implementation of C, and about 5K for [comun](comun.md). A more mainstream implementation of JavaScript, the [v8](v8.md) engine (used e.g. in node.js) has **over 1 million lines of code** of C++. { Checked with *cloc*. V8 also contains web assembly aside from JavaScript, but still you get the idea. ~drummyfish }
@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ In the past JavaScript was only a **[client](client.md) side** scripting languag
**Why is it called JavaScript if it has nothing to do with Java?** Simply put the name was chosen because back then Java was the big thing and they wanted to show that JavaScript is kind of similar but complementary, the developers of the languages were associated with each other and they thought it would be good [marketing](marketing.md) to associate the languages through naming, but of course the languages are completely different.
{ Kek in 2024 JavaScript killed the Internet Archive :D Some JS library allowed some kinda cracker to bring it down or something, as of writing this the archive has been dead for more than a week and a recovery is still nowhere in sight, of course this also crippled or killed many other sites that rely on IA such as Librivox. Good job soydev retards, I wonder whose idea it was to use JavaScript on the site. ~drummyfish }
{ Kek in 2024 JavaScript killed the Internet Archive :D Some JS library allowed some kinda cracker to bring it down or something, as of writing this the archive has been dead for more than a week and a recovery is still nowhere in sight, of course this also crippled or killed many other sites that rely on JS such as Librivox. Good job soydev retards, I wonder whose idea it was to use JavaScript on the site. ~drummyfish }
TODO: some more shit

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@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ On this wiki we kind of use LMAO as a synonym to [LULZ](lulz.md) as used on [Enc
- In 2016 there was a progaming team in Halo called Mi Seng which in a broadcast game did a pretty funny thing: when they were leading they went into hiding in buggy spots and then just did nothing until the time ran out. Normies were crying, the commentators were pretty awkward, they considered this "unethical" xD We consider it pretty cool.
- In 2016 [Micro$oft](microsoft.md) released a Twitter [AI](ai.md) bot called Tay which was made to teach itself how to talk from the text on the Internet. It can be guessed it quickly became extremely racist and enraged waves of [SJW](sjw.md)s so they had to shut it down.
- The 2009 launch of [Pokemon](pokemon.md) Platinum saw one of the coolest [trollz](trolling.md) ever: during the event someone (who actually wasn't caught but it's speculated it was a guy cosplaying as a Team Rocket) created photoshopped flyers announcing there would be an "official" giveaway of a special Pokemon. The wifi was of course coming from the perpetrator's device and when the kids collected the Pokemon, they received a Gengar named [Nigger](nigger.md) with [stereotypical](stereotype.md) moves such as "thief" and "sucker punch". FUCKING KEK.
- Many funny stories come from [4chan](4chan.md). In 2012 they made masses of Justin Bieber fans shave their heads by spreading fake news that Bieber had cancer under the hashtag #BaldForBieber. In 2013 they made a similarly funny prank by making Justin Bieber fans cut themselves with another faked campaign #CuttingForBieber. In 2013 they made a huge number of Appletoddlers destroy their [iPhones](iphone.md) with fake ads that promoted a new "feature" that makes the phone waterproof via a software update. Similarly in 2014 they spread fake ads about a new iPhone "feature" that would let users charge their phones in a microwave. 4chan also hijacked many internet polls such as the Mountain Dew's poll for naming their new drink in 2012: people from 4chan raided the poll and chose the name "Hitler Did Nothing Wrong", with names such as "Diabeetus" or "Soda" as followers. Another raided poll was that of Talor Swift about at which school she should perform -- 4chan mass voted for a school for deaf children which eventually won (Taylor Switch handled it by donating money to the school). 4chan also chose North Korea as a country for Justin Bieber's tour. Another hilarious story is from 2006 when 4chan raided the Habbo Hotel (a MMO game mostly for children); they made shitton of black characters with afros, went around blocking players from accessing game areas, grouping to form swastikas and famously blocking a hotel pool with the sign "Pool's closed due to AIDS".
- Many funny stories come from [4chan](4chan.md). Like for example the "Katie's books" thread on /lit (number 5972700) wherein they accidentally bullied an innocent naive Internet girl they found on YouTube ("she sounds like her hymen is fully intact"). In 2012 they made masses of Justin Bieber fans shave their heads by spreading fake news that Bieber had cancer under the hashtag #BaldForBieber. In 2013 they made a similarly funny prank by making Justin Bieber fans cut themselves with another faked campaign #CuttingForBieber. In 2013 they made a huge number of Appletoddlers destroy their [iPhones](iphone.md) with fake ads that promoted a new "feature" that makes the phone waterproof via a software update. Similarly in 2014 they spread fake ads about a new iPhone "feature" that would let users charge their phones in a microwave. 4chan also hijacked many internet polls such as the Mountain Dew's poll for naming their new drink in 2012: people from 4chan raided the poll and chose the name "Hitler Did Nothing Wrong", with names such as "Diabeetus" or "Soda" as followers. Another raided poll was that of Talor Swift about at which school she should perform -- 4chan mass voted for a school for deaf children which eventually won (Taylor Switch handled it by donating money to the school). 4chan also chose North Korea as a country for Justin Bieber's tour. Another hilarious story is from 2006 when 4chan raided the Habbo Hotel (a MMO game mostly for children); they made shitton of black characters with afros, went around blocking players from accessing game areas, grouping to form swastikas and famously blocking a hotel pool with the sign "Pool's closed due to AIDS".
- In 2022 a proprietary "[smart](smart.md) home" company Insteon got into financial trouble, shut down its servers and left people without functioning houses.
- In the 1985 book *Big Score: The Billion-Dollar Story: The Billion-Dollar Story of Silicon Valley* there is a nice chapter talking about the manufacturing of integrated chips that explains how the process is (or at least used to be) very unpredictable and how it's basically astrology for the managers to try to predict and maximize the yield rates (the percentage of manufactured chips that function correctly). There were companies whose research showed the number of good chips correlated with the phases of the Moon, another one found that chips were destroyed by tiny droplets of piss on the hands of workers who didn't wash their hands and that [women](woman.md) workers during menstruation destroyed more chips because of the increased amount of oil secreted from their hands.
- In 2018 Hungary banned [gender studies](gender_studies.md) as ideology that has nothing in common with science :D
@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ On this wiki we kind of use LMAO as a synonym to [LULZ](lulz.md) as used on [Enc
to deliver prepared [jokes](jokes.md) (see also [humorwashing](humorwashing.md)) that were not just poor but downright retarded, for example he stated: *People ask me "How can you sell for such low prices?" I say "because it's total crap".* This backfired so much that the company's value fell down by 500 million pounds lol.
- As highlighted by [this kiwifarm post](https://kiwifarms.net/threads/reddit-general.8257/post-4264129), some idiot on [reddit](reddit.md) asked for help with his CV and posted it [unredacted](censorship.md) for everyone to see. How could it go wrong, right? The Internet took the challenge :D Someone downloaded the CV, modified it slightly by adding various lulz such as ["racist" keywords](nigger.md) and sent it to dozens of companies as an application. OP got swiftly blacklisted by all companies and even got calls from the managers asking how he could be such a human monster :D Great job.
- Epic trollz were conducted sometime in early 2020s by tinyviolin69 in [World of Warcraft](wow.md), most noteworthy of which was probably the following. He played on the hardcore server where character deaths are [permanent](permadeath.md), i.e. if you put 10000 hours into leveling and gearing up an epic character and then die in any way, even by slipping off of a slightly higher cliff, it's all gone to shit, the character's gone and you need to start over. The guy leveled up a high level character, entered a guild, gained their trust and then, in a raid that was carefully planned and discussed for hours so that no one would die, he deliberately fucked up so that basically everyone died :D He practically destroyed years worth of "work" of many children that day, they all cried like little babies. We applaud this, it's very stupid for anyone to attach to a video game like these children, AND especially to a permadeath game. The game is also gay as fuck, this is the only fun that can be had in it nowadays.
- Soyjak.party is a bunch of cringey [zoomer](zoomer.md) children, but it must be admitted their raids are very funny, for example the **Jackbox raids** (documented at https://wiki.soyjak.st/Jackbox_raiding) in which they troll tranny Twitch stremers via shitty Twitch minigames by spamming [niggers](nigger.md), swastikas, [gay](gay.md) porn and stuff alike :D Imagine audience of thousand little kids suddenly seeing someone win a shitty marble race with a profile picture of hanged tranny or a guy in Team Fortress putting a sign with stretched male anus right in front of the streamer's camera :D All the videos of this are available on their wiki.
- Soyjak.party is a bunch of degenerate [zoomer](zoomer.md) children, but it must be admitted their raids are very funny, for example the **Jackbox raids** (documented at https://wiki.soyjak.st/Jackbox_raiding) in which they troll tranny Twitch stremers via shitty Twitch minigames by spamming [niggers](nigger.md), swastikas, [gay](gay.md) porn and stuff alike :D Imagine audience of thousand little kids suddenly seeing someone win a shitty marble race with a profile picture of hanged tranny or a guy in Team Fortress putting a sign with stretched male anus right in front of the streamer's camera :D All the videos of this are available on their wiki. LMAO now they started to make "kid videos" on [YouTube](youtube.md), soyjaks teaching them how to count and shit, sneakily redpilling the 3 year olds ([source](https://kiwifarms.st/threads/community-feature-submissions.114933/page-64#post-15029010)).
- The most humiliating defeat in [Warcraft III's](warcraft3.md) history was probably the match of WEG 2005 between Moon (Korea, considered by some the GOAT) playing as Night Elf [race](race.md) and Tod (France) playing as Human. The game is known for allowing a lot of cheesy strats and trolls, but on the highest levels it's still rare to win with a lulzy strat. Still Moon was so incredibly good he managed to do the following: he reached the ultimate spell which allows to steal the enemy units, he then stole Tod's worker which enabled him to start creating buildings of the human race, i.e. buildings that for him as an elf aren't normally available, then built a human town, trained human units and beat Tod with the units of his own race. To this day Tod gets quite irritated when asked about this in interviews.
- Some parents [trolled](trolling.md) their children by giving them the same name lol, see [this](https://old.reddit.com/r/namenerds/comments/5wltvf/same_first_name_for_siblings/?rdt=42972).
- There is some crazy ass Irish priest called Neil Horan, now stripped of his priesthood (:D), that could hold the world record for most IRL trolls and just being weird as fuck in general. Of course he's done all the usual business like walking in streets with antisemitic banners and "sexually harassing" children, but he dared go much further and even ran onto a formula one track during the race, literally risking his life. Very funny was his stunt during 2004 Olympic gaymes where he ran on the marathon track and pushed the guy who was leading the race into the spectators, just for the lulz :D The runner was shaken and finished third. He actually tried to appeal for a gold medal in court but the court said nope :D
@ -58,4 +58,4 @@ to deliver prepared [jokes](jokes.md) (see also [humorwashing](humorwashing.md))
- [fun](fun.md)
- [lulz](lulz.md)
- [awesome](awesome.md)
- [omgrofl](omgrofl.md) [esoteric language](esolang.md)
- [omgrofl](omgrofl.md) [esoteric language](esolang.md)

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@ -12,9 +12,23 @@ The original purpose of creating low poly models was to improve performance, or
Low poly models are intended to be used in interactive/[real-time](real_time.md) [graphics](graphics.md) while high poly ones are for the use in offline (non-realtime) rendering. Sometimes (typically in games) a model is made in both a low poly and high poly version: the low poly version is used during gameplay, the high poly version is used in cutscenes. Sometimes even more than two versions of models are made, see [level of detail](lod.md).
Here are some stats for video game models (playable character) that might at least by a sterch be considered low(er) poly:
| model | year | verts | tris |
| ----------------- | ---- |------ | ---- |
| Crash Band. (PS1) | 1996 | 379 | 732 |
| Mario (SM64) | 1996 | 436 | 809 |
| Spyro (PS1) | 1998 | 237 | 431 |
| Link, young (N64) | 1998 | 377 | 696 |
| Pikachu (N64) | 1999 | 158 | 300 |
| Claude (GTA3) | 2001 | 1435 | 1550 |
| Tommy V. (GTA VC) | 2002 | 1059 | 1355 |
| CJ (GTA SA) | 2004 | 1721 | 2332 |
| Licar | 2025 | 124 | 228 |
## See Also
- [pixel art](pixel_art.md)
- [ASCII art](ascii_art.md)
- [low fidelity](low_fidelity.md)
- [retro](retro.md)
- [retro](retro.md)

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@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
| [.NET](dot_net.md) | .NEET |
| [Netflix](netflix.md) | Wokeflix |
| [network](network.md) | notwork |
| neurodivergent | retarded, neuroretarded, neurorainbow |
| neurodivergent | retarded, subnormal, neuroretarded, neurorainbow |
| neurotypical | typical retard |
| [NFS](nfs.md) | nightmare file system |
| [Nintendo](nintendo.md) | Nintendont |

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@ -150,6 +150,7 @@ Are you a [noob](noob.md) but see our ideas as appealing and would like to join
- That hygrometers (devices that measure air humidity) typically work by having a stretched human hair inside which changes its tension based on air humidity?
- That [tattoos](tattoo.md) cause cancer?
- That there are [exactly 14 ways](https://oeis.org/A250001/a250001_3.pdf) to draw 3 [circles](circle.md) in respect to their intersections?
- That [modern](modern.md) execution methods, such as lethal injections, gas chambers and electric chairs, are objectively far worse, more painful, barbaric and much less reliable than older methods such a firing squad or guillotine? Despite the fact that euthanasia by lethal injection requires an anesthesia expert, it is carried out by medical NON-professionals, which results in alarming numbers of failed executions and long, agonizing deaths. The purpose of these methods is unsurprisingly purely political, to appeal by their "modernity" and "[scientific](soyence.md) appearance" which in majority of voters [invokes](shortcut_thinking.md) a sense of "[progress](progress.md)" or "humanity", of moving away from medieval barbarism, even if it's the complete opposite.
- That bottles with compressed air [can be used](https://solar.lowtechmagazine.com/2018/05/ditch-the-batteries-off-grid-compressed-air-energy-storage/) instead of batteries to store electric energy? Electricity is retrieved by releasing the air which in turn rotates a generator. This is a lower tech, more [KISS](kiss.md), eco-friendly way that stores energy not through chemistry, but mechanically.
- That there is a street in Spain named after [free software](free_software.md)?
- That 987654321/123456789 is almost exactly 8?

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@ -26,9 +26,10 @@ Techniques of netstalking include port scanning, randomly generating web domains
- **Search archives, file hosting servers etc.** The Internet Archive is the giant among archives that must always be checked, but don't forget smaller ones either, like archive.li, [Usenet](usenet.md) archives, [4chan](4chan.md) archives, various file pastebins etc. You may be able to find stuff that's now gone from the Internet and/or got hidden.
- **Guess randomly.** It can even be an entertaining pastime to play a lottery, randomly digging and seeing what you find. For example you can type random domains or IP addresses in your URL bar: `nigger.com`, `hitler.il`, `weirdporn.xyz` or whatever. One can even quite effortlessly bash together a script to automatically check millions of such domains. This has a chance of discovering something that would be otherwise unfindable because it's not linked to from anywhere on the indexed web.
- **Manually search unindexable material**. A lot of information is out there but search engines don't know about it because it's not in plaintext format or it's hiding behind a login or captcha wall or whatever. Plenty of stuff is hidden in scanned PDF books, videos, compressed archives, spoken audio etc. Hence when you're searching manually, try to go to places where search engines are less likely to get.
- **Write own tools.** Today you no longer have to possess a [PhD](phd.md) (or even brain) to write a simple web scraping script. Custom tools can take you beyond what search engines can (and are willing to) do for you -- for example search engines typically can't search for [regular expressions](regexp.md), but your own crawler can. Your own tool is 100% tailored to your needs, it can behave in exact ways you want (ignore robots.txt, use your credentials to bypass login walls, follow very specific trails, you can even use [OCR](ocr.md) to extract text from images etc.). Like said above, a simple tool is for example one that randomly checks various combinations of words and TLDs to discover curious domain names. Writing a simple crawler is also pretty easy, provided you [keep it very simple](kiss.md) -- exploit existing tools like wget or curl to download pages and extract everything that looks like URL, no need to parse [HTML](html.md) or whatever, literally treat everything as plain text. Then you can extract only documents that are somehow "[interesting](interesting.md)", for example containing specific keywords, not containing JavaScript tags etc.
- **Write own tools.** Today you no longer have to possess a [PhD](phd.md) (or even brain) to write a simple web scraping script. Custom tools can take you beyond what search engines can (and are willing to) do for you -- for example search engines typically can't search for [regular expressions](regexp.md), but your own crawler can. Your own tool is 100% tailored to your needs, it can behave in exact ways you want (ignore robots.txt, use your credentials to bypass login walls, follow very specific trails, you can even use [OCR](ocr.md) to extract text from images etc.). Like said above, a simple tool is for example one that randomly checks various combinations of words and TLDs to discover curious domain names. Writing a simple crawler is also pretty easy, provided you [keep it very simple](kiss.md) -- exploit existing tools like wget or curl to download pages and extract everything that looks like URL, no need to parse [HTML](html.md) or whatever, literally treat everything as plain text. Then you can extract only documents that are somehow "[interesting](interesting.md)", for example containing specific keywords, not containing JavaScript tags, only being hosted through plain [HTTP](http.md) etc.
- **Find lists of obscure sites and other people who search for them.** A sizable number of small sites now like to post links to other interesting sites, it's enough to find one and then you just start following the links, you find more links etc. This can never end. Some communities like to share lulzy links, e.g. [4chan](4chan.md), kiwifarms, ... Don't forget to contribute back and publish the list of your findings too ;)
- **Analyze data.** There are tons of publicly accessible, but yet undigested data about the web -- for example Internet Archive's crawl data, [WikiData](wikidata.md), the Yacy index and so on. You may try your luck sniffing here.
- **Get creative.** You may want to try to search for transcripts, logs, weird combinations of phrases such as "[open source](open_source.md)" and "murder", viewing buried sites by skipping the first million search results, exact phrases such as "what's your emergency" can find emergency hotline transcripts, searching a number of lulzy 4chan thread or [hash](hash.md) of a famous shock image may reveal cool sites linking to fun stuff, searching for the name of a file that was part of some source code leak can find sites posting, archiving or analyzing such leaks, searching for sites that together contain the word "[nigger](nigger.md)" in 10 different languages could lead somewhere interesting too, and so on and so forth.
- **Be reasonably careful.** Normies get scared shitless to even peek on the darkweb, which is completely ridiculous, just looking and searching publicly available data is practically always 100% legal and even if it wasn't, literally no one gives a single shit. However you might get into trouble if you'd for example reverse search literal child porn, as you're uploading the stuff to someone's server and thus technically distributing CP, putting the server owner in trouble. Still not much would happen probably, maybe you'd get blocked, but you're gonna get yourself on the FBI list. Just use your brain. As long as you're not stepping on someone's toe (doxxing, DDOSing, spamming, ...), no one cares what you're doing.
- ...

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@ -193,7 +193,8 @@ While mathematicians work mostly with infinite number sets and all kinds of "wei
- **[integer](int.md)**: Integer values, most common, usually using direct or [two's complement](twos_complement.md) representation.
- **fractional**: Have higher precision than integers, allow storing fractions, are often used to [approximate](approximation.md) real numbers.
- **[fixed point](fixed_point.md)**: Are represented by a number with radix point in fixed place, have uniform precision.
- **[floating point](float.md)**: Have movable radix point which is more [complicated](bloat.md) but allows for representing both very high and very small values due to non-uniform precision.
- **[floating point](float.md)**: Have movable radix point which is more [complicated](bloat.md) but allows for representing both very high and very small values due to non-uniform precision. Here again it's also important to choose the right representation, most notable ones include for IEEE 754 and [posits](posit.md).
- ...
- **[complex](complex_number.md)**: Analogous to mathematical complex numbers.
- **[quaternion](quaternion.md)**: Analogous to mathematical quaternions.
- **symbolic**: Used in some specialized mathematical software to perform symbolic computation, i.e. computation done in a human-like way, by manipulating symbols without using concrete values that would have to resort to approximation.

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@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ There exist many terms that are highly similar and can legitimately be used inte
- **[computer language](computer_language.md)** vs **[programming language](programming_language.md)**
- **[computer science](compsci.md)** vs **[information technology](it.md)** vs **[informatics](informatics.md)** vs **[cybernetics](cybernetics.md)** vs **[computer engineering](computer_engineering.md)** vs **[software engineering](software_engineering.md)**
- **[compatibility layer](compatibility_layer.md)** vs **[emulator](emulator.md)** vs **[virtual machine](vm.md)** vs **simulator**
- **[comun](comun.md)** vs **[conum](conum.md)**
- **[concurrency](concurrency.md)** vs **[parallelism](parallelism.md)** vs **[quasiparallelism](quasiparallelism.md)** vs **[distribution](distributed.md)**
- **[conjecture](conjecture.md)** vs **[hypothesis](hypothesis.md)** vs **[theory](theory.md)** vs **[theorem](theorem.md)** vs **[lemma](lemma.md)**
- **[constant](constant.md)** vs **[literal](literal.md)** vs **immediate operand** vs **[macro](macro.md)**

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@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
# Rock
"Geologists recommend eating at least one small rock per day." --[Google](google.md)
Rocks and stones are natural formations of minerals that can be used to create the most primitive [technology](technology.md). Stone age was the first stage of our civilization, characterized by the use of stone tools. Rock [nerds](nerd.md) are called geologists.
```

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@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ Why is two's complement so great? Its most notable advantages are:
- **Positive values and zero are the same as the straightforward unsigned representation**, i.e. it is "backwards compatible" with the straightforward representation. For example the 4 bit value `0011` represents number 3 in two's complement just like it does in a normal unsigned binary number. (This also holds in sign-magnitude and one's complement.)
- **Multiplying by -1 is still relatively simple** -- even though it is a tiny bit more expensive than in one's complement or sign-magnitude, it is still pretty straightforward (only requires two operations instead of one) and in [hardware](hardware.md) it can be implemented just as fast.
TODO: disadvantages?
TODO: disadvantages? Sign extensions maybe.
*N* bit number in two's complement can represent numbers from *-(2^N) / 2* to *2^N / 2 - 1* (including both). For example with 8 bits we can represent numbers from -128 to 127.
@ -32,3 +32,8 @@ The following is a comparison of the different representations, notice the shini
| 101 | 5 | -3 | -1 | -2 | 1 |
| 110 | 6 | -2 | -2 | -1 | 2 |
| 111 | 7 | -1 | -3 | -0 | 3 |
## See Also
- [posit](posit.md)
- [conum](conum.md)

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@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ YouTube (also JewTube { Lol jewtube.com actually exists. ~drummyfish} or just YT
YouTube used to be the place for retards who couldn't keep attention long enough to read a book but today's retard it too stupid even for watching YouTube's 3 minute video, which is why [TikTok](tiktok.md) with its 1 second videos is gaining rapid popularity instead: [zoomer](zoomer.md) can't hold attention for longer than 9 seconds or wait for a new video longer than 3 seconds -- TikTok keeps up with this mental limitation of today's youth.
[LMAO](lmao.md), YouTube started to artificially throttle the [CPU](cpu.md) (thanks [JavaScript](js.md)) when viewed with another browser than [Google's](google.md) Chrome and/or when using adblock :D Torturing users, increasing CO2, creating [bullshit](bullshit.md), pure [capitalism](capitalism.md).
Just one of countless damages YouTube has done to society is establishing videos as standard medium of any form of communication and information storage -- back in the day Internet was mostly text-based, sometimes there was an image or video of course, but only when needed. Since YouTube's rise to fame a lot of information has just moved to videos, even that which suffer by this format, e.g. books, announcements, notes, presentations, tutorials, pure audio and so on. All of this [bloat](bloat.md) of course makes the information hard to index and search, store, process, view on weak devices, it wastes enormous amounts of bandwidth, computing power and so forth. Thanks YouTube.
{ https://www.vidlii.com seems alright though, at least as a curiosity. Anyway if you need to watch YouTube, do not use their website, it's shitty as hell and you will die of ad cancer, rather use something like invidious or youtube-dl. Here is an awesome hack I discovered to search only old videos on youtube! The new shit is just unwatchable, there's clickbait, sponsors, propaganda, SJW shit everywhere, thankfully you can just exclude any year from the search with with "-year" (at least for now), for example: https://yewtu.be/search?q=free+software+-2023+-2022+-2021+-2020+-2019+-2018+-2017+-2016+-2015+-2014+-2013+-2012+-2011+-2010+-2009&page=1&date=none&type=video&duration=none&sort=relevance. UPDATE: actually you can even just use `before:YEAR` in the search, TIL. Enjoy. UPDATE 2024: Invidious no longer works, they keep creating new frontends and hacks every day, currently the Freetube program is quite nice, I can't keep up with it though, I'll stop updating this shit, just search it yourself. ~drummyfish }