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Miloslav Ciz 10 months ago
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# Byte
TODO
**Byte frequency/probability**: it may be [interesting](interesting.md) and/or useful (e.g. for [compression](compression.md)) to know how often different byte values appear in the data we process with computers -- indeed, this always DEPENDS; if we are working with plain [ASCII](ascii.md) text, we will never encounter values above 127, and on the other hand if we are processing photos from a polar expedition, we will likely mostly encounter byte values of 255 (as snow will cause most pixels to be completely white). In general we may expect values such as [0](zero.md), 255, [1](one.md) and [2](two.md) to be most frequent, as many times these are e.g. assigned special meanings in data encodings, they may be cutoff values etc. Here is a table of measured byte frequencies in real data:
{ Measured by me. ~drummyfish }
| type of data | least c. | 2nd least c. | 3rd least c. | 3rd most c. | 2nd most c. | most c. |
| -------------------------- | --------- | ------------ | ------------ | ------------ | ------------- | ------------- |
| GNU/Linux 64bit executable | 0x9e (0%) | 0xb2 (0%) | 0x9a (0%) | 0x48 (2%) | 0xff (3%) | 0x00 (32%) |
| bare metal ARM executable | 0xcf (0%) | 0xb7 (0%) | 0xa7 (0%) | 0xff (2%) | 0x01 (3%) | 0x00 (15%) |
| UTF8 English txt book | 0x00 (0%) | 0x01 (0%) | 0x02 (0%) |0x74 (`t`, 6%)|0x65 (`e`, 8%) |0x20 (` `, 14%)|
| C source code | 0x00 (0%) | 0x01 (0%) | 0x02 (0%) |0x31 (`1`, 6%)|0x20 (` `, 12%)|0x2c (`,`, 16%)|
| raw 24bit RGB photo image | 0x07 (0%) | 0x09 (0%) | 0x08 (0%) | 0xdd (0%) | 0x00 (1%) | 0xff (25%) |

@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ Furthermore we may divide compression e.g. to offline (compresses a whole file,
The following is an example of how well different types of compression work for an image (screenshot of main page of Wikimedia Commons, 1280x800):
{ Though the website screenshot contained also real life photos, it still contained a lot of constant color areas which can be compressed very well, hence quite good compression ratios here. A general photo won't be compressed as much. }
{ Though the website screenshot contained also real life photos, it still contained a lot of constant color areas which can be compressed very well, hence quite good compression ratios here. A general photo won't be compressed as much. ~drummyfish }
| compression | ~size (KB)| ratio |
| --------------------------------------------------- | --------- | ------ |

@ -12,9 +12,10 @@ Here is a list of notable encyclopedias, focused on general knowledge English la
| name | year | legal status | format | ~articles | comment |
| ------------------------------ | ----- | ---------------- | ----------- | --------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Britannica 11th edition | 1910 | PD (old) | 29 vol. | 40K | legendary enc., part of "Big Three", digitized (gutenberg), uncensored facts on race etc. |
| Britannica 11th edition | 1910 | PD (old) | 29 vol. | 40K | legendary enc., part of "Big Three", digitized (gutenberg, txt), uncensored facts on race etc. |
| Britannica online |...now | proprietary | online | 130K | bloated, high quality articles, ads |
| [Citizendium](citizendium.md) |2006...|proprietary? (NC) | online | 18K | Wikipedia alternative, censored, faggots have unclear license |
| Collier's New Encyclopedia | 1921 | PD (old) | 10 vol. | | NOT TO BE CONFUSED with Collier's Encyclopedia (different one), digitized on Wikisource (txt) |
|[Conservaedia](conservapedia.md)|2006...| proprietary | online | 52K | American fascist wiki, has basic factual errors |
| Desk Reference Encyclopedia | 1995 | proprietary | 1 vol. 800p | 200K? | by James Hughes, nice illustrations, quality articles { I bought this, it's nice. ~drummyfish } |
| Encyclopedia Americana | 1903 | PD (old) | 16 vol. | | longer articles, part of "Big Three", scanned on archive.org |
@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ Here is a list of notable encyclopedias, focused on general knowledge English la
| [Metapedia](metapedia.md) |2006...| GFDL | online | 7K | Wikipedia fork, online, no SJW censorship, ATM limited account creation, "pro-European" fascism |
|Microsoft [Encarta](encarta.md) |...2009| proprietary | electronic | 62K | Micro$oft enc., low quality articles (errors), MS propaganda (no free software etc. lol), is on archive.org|
| Simple English Wikipedia |2001...| CC BY-SA | online | 200K | Wikipedia with simpler language and simpler explanations, censored |
| The New American Cyclopaedia | 1879 | PD (old) | 16 vol. | | partially digitized on Wikisource (txt) |
| The Nuttall Encyclopaedia | 1907 | PD (old) | 1 vol. | 16K | short articles, oldschool, digitized (gutenberg) |
| [Vikidia](vikidia.md) |2006...| CC BY-SA | online | 4K | "Wikipedia for kids", probably as censored as Wikipedia |
|Webster's Unabridged Dictionary |1864 | PD (old) | paper | 476K | short descriptions, digitized (gutenberg) |

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Sodevs are incompetent wanna-be programmers that usually have these characteristics:
- Being [pseudoleftist](left_right.md) (fascist) political activists pushing [tranny software](tranny_software.md) and [COCs](coc.md) while actually being mainstream centrists in the tech world (advocating "[open-source](open_source.md)" instead of [free_software](free_software.md), being okay with [proprietary](proprietary.md) software, [bloat](bloat.md) etc.).
- Trying to be "cool", having friends and even spouses and kids, wearing T-shirts with "coding jokes", having tattoos, piercing and colored hair (also trimmed bear in case of males).
- Trying to be "cool", having friends and even spouses and kids, wearing T-shirts with "[coding](coding.md) [jokes](jokes.md)", having tattoos, piercing and colored hair (also trimmed bear in case of males).
- Only being hired in tech for a no-brainer job such as "coding websites" or because of diversity quotas.
- Being actually bad at programming, using meme high-level languages like [JavaScript](javascript.md), [Python](python.md) or [Rust](rust.md). { I shit you not, I learned from a friend who lives in India that "universities" there produce "security experts" who don't even have to know any programming and math. They just learn some sysadmin stuff and installing antiviruses, without having any clue about how encryption works etc. These people get regular degrees. Really makes me wanna kys myself. ~drummyfish }
- Using a [Mac](mac.md).

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# Technology
Technology (from Greek tekhnologia, "systematic treatment of art", also just "tech") encompasses tools and knowledge of making such tools invented and achieved mainly with the help of [science](science.md) and by long systematic effort. This includes everything from [stone tools](rock.md) to space rockets and [artificial intelligence](ai.md). On the Internet, as well as on this Wiki, this term is often used with the focus on [computer](computer.md) technology, i.e. [hardware](hardware.md) and [software](software.md), as this is the kind of technology that is being discussed and developed the most in our days. Technology, like fire, should serve us, but can also be dangerous and often gets misused and abused.
Technology (from Greek tekhnologia, "systematic treatment of art", also just "tech") encompasses tools and knowledge of making such tools invented and achieved mainly with the help of [science](science.md) and by long systematic effort. This includes everything from [stone tools](rock.md) to space rockets and [artificial intelligence](ai.md). On the Internet, as well as on this Wiki, this term is often used with the focus on [computer](computer.md) technology, i.e. [hardware](hardware.md) and [software](software.md), as this is the kind of technology that is being discussed and developed the most in our days. Technology, like fire, should serve us, but can also be dangerous and often gets misused and abused.
**Knowledge of older technology gets lost extremely quickly in society** -- this is a very crucial realization that follow a naive idea of a young man who usually believes that we somehow pertain knowledge of all technology that's been invented from dawn of man until today. In history our society has always only held knowledge of technology it was CURRENTLY ACTIVELY USING; knowledge of decades outdated technology only stays in hands of extremely few individuals and perhaps in some obscure books which ARE UNREADABLE to most, sometimes to none; yet older technology often gets forgotten completely. For example renaissance had to largely reinvent many arts and sciences of making building and statues of antiquity because middle ages have simply forgotten them. A more recent example can be found at [NASA](nasa.md) and their efforts to recreate THEIR OWN old rocket engines: you would think that since they literally have detailed documentation of those engines, they'd be able to simple make them again, but that's not the case because the small undocumented (yet crucial) [know-how](know_how.md) of the people who built the engines decades ago was lost with those individuals who died or retired in the meanwhile; NASA had to start a ginormous project to reinvent its own relatively recent technology. The same is happening in the field of [programming](programming.md): [modern](modern.md) [soydevs](soydev.md) just CANNOT create as efficient software as hackers back then as due to normalization of wasting computing resources they threw away the knowledge of [optimization](optimization.md) technique and [wisdom](unix_philosophy.md) in favor of bullshit such as "soft skills" and memorizing one billion genders and personal pronouns. One might naively think that e.g. since our agriculture is highly efficient and advanced due to all the immense complexity of our current machines, simple farming without machines would be a child's play for us, however the opposite is true: we no longer know how to farm without machines. If a [collapse](collpase.md) comes, we are simply fucked.
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