Update

acronym.md

@@ -45,6 +45,7 @@ Here is a list of some acronyms:
 - **[BIOS](bios.md)** (basic [input/output](io.md) system)
 - **[BJ](bj.md)** (blow job)
 - **[BJT](bjt.md)** (bipolar junction transistor)
+- **[BPP](bpp.md)** ([bits](bit.md) per [pixel](pixel.md))
 - **[BRB](brb.md)** (be right back)
 - **[BS](bs.md)** (bullshit)
 - **[BSD](bsd.md)** (Berkeley software distribution)

anarchism.md

@@ -4,13 +4,13 @@ Anarchism (from Greek *an*, no and *archos*, ruler) is a [socialist](socialism.m
 
 Great many things about anarchism are explained in the text *An Anarchist FAQ*, which is [free licensed](free_culture.md) and can be accessed e.g. at https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/the-anarchist-faq-editorial-collective-an-anarchist-faq-full.
 
-Anarchism is a wide term and encompasses many flavors such as [anarcho communism](ancom.md), [anarcho pacifism](anpac.md), [anarcho syndicalism](ansyn.md), [anarcho primitivism](anprim.md) or [anarcho mutualism](anmut.md). Some of the branches disagree on specific questions, e.g. about whether [violence](violence.md) is ever justifiable, or propose different solutions to issues such as organization of society, however **all branches of anarchism are socialist** and all aim for **elimination of social hierarchy** such as social classes created by wealth, [money](money.md), [jobs](work.md) and [weapons](military.md), i.e. anarchism opposes [state](state.md) (e.g. police having power over citizens) and [capitalism](capitalism.md) (employers exploiting employees, [corporations](corporation.md) exploiting [consumers](consumerism.md) etc.). At the beginning stands the simple observation that **power ALWAYS comes with corruption** ("Power corrupts and absolute power corrupts absolutely.") and therefore power inevitably comes with abuse of power -- it is impossible to ever have a position of power that won't be abused and so to eliminate abuse of power the only effective solution is to remove any positions (NOT the people) with power: be it kings, presidents, CEOs or managers, we simply have to let go of the concept of someone having a power over other people. Literally every single government, corporation, church and any other kind of hierarchical organization in history got corrupted over time, there is not a single counterexample, it's almost as certain as a fundamental law of nature and it keeps repeating over and over that something small, more or less nice appears (be it any "democratic" state, religious idea, political party, any company, any "people's project", [Wikipedia](wikipedia.md), [Linux](linux.md), name any single thing), then grows bigger and ends up corrupted, abused, blatantly denying its original principles; then a revolt (often called a [revolution](revolution.md)) follows, with violence, wars, bloodshed and destruction to replace the corrupted thing with a newly created thing that's just as surely destined to repeat the same cycle. Anarchism means simply learning from repeating the mistake and stopping repeating it. To common folk it seems impossible to achieve removal of social hierarchy, i.e. positions of power, however it stops being so once we realize power can only exist as long as it has support of majority of the people -- it is based on [fear](fear_culture.md) and so to remove power we may only have to do as much as [educate](education.md) and make the majority of people agree to not collaborate on sustaining the harmful societal system. Further extrapolation then predicts that removing power will achieve a truly good society in which no one is abused, everyone has abundance of all necessary resources and therefore most issues that stem from [competition](competition.md) and conflict such as [wars](war.md), criminality, [fascism](fascism.md) and declining mental health will simply disappear naturally on their own, as there will simply be no more reason for them to exist.
+Anarchism is a broad term spanning over many flavors such as [anarcho communism](ancom.md), [anarcho pacifism](anpac.md), [anarcho syndicalism](ansyn.md), [anarcho primitivism](anprim.md) or [anarcho mutualism](anmut.md). Some of the branches get in conflict on specific questions, e.g. about whether [violence](violence.md) is ever justifiable, or propose different solutions to issues such as organization of society, however **all branches of anarchism are socialist** and all aim for **elimination of social hierarchy** such as social classes created by wealth, [money](money.md), [jobs](work.md) and [weapons](military.md), i.e. anarchism opposes [state](state.md) (e.g. police having power over citizens) and [capitalism](capitalism.md) (employers exploiting employees, [corporations](corporation.md) exploiting [consumers](consumerism.md) etc.). At the beginning stands the simple observation that **power ALWAYS comes with corruption** ("Power corrupts and absolute power corrupts absolutely.") and therefore power inevitably comes with abuse of power -- it is impossible to ever have a position of power that won't be abused and so to eliminate abuse of power the only effective solution is to remove any positions (NOT the people) with power: be it kings, presidents, CEOs or managers, we simply have to let go of the concept of someone having a power over other people. Literally every single government, corporation, church and any other kind of hierarchical organization in history got corrupted over time, there is not a single counterexample, it's almost as certain as a fundamental law of nature and it keeps repeating over and over that something small, more or less nice appears (be it any "democratic" state, religious idea, political party, any company, any "people's project", [Wikipedia](wikipedia.md), [Linux](linux.md), name any single thing), then grows bigger and ends up corrupted, abused, blatantly denying its original principles; then a revolt (often called a [revolution](revolution.md)) follows, with violence, wars, bloodshed and destruction to replace the corrupted thing with a newly created thing that's just as surely destined to repeat the same cycle. Anarchism means simply learning from repeating the mistake and stopping repeating it. To common folk it seems impossible to achieve removal of social hierarchy, i.e. positions of power, however it stops being so once we realize power can only exist as long as it has support of majority of the people -- it is based on [fear](fear_culture.md) and so to remove power we may only have to do as much as [educate](education.md) and make the majority of people agree to not collaborate on sustaining the harmful societal system. Further extrapolation then predicts that removing power will achieve a truly good society in which no one is abused, everyone has abundance of all necessary resources and therefore most issues that stem from [competition](competition.md) and conflict such as [wars](war.md), criminality, [fascism](fascism.md) and declining mental health will simply disappear naturally on their own, as there will simply be no more reason for them to exist.
 
 Anarchist usually imagine a society comprised of smaller cooperating **loosely associated** groups, i.e. groups that are small enough to work naturally without a formal government (consider that for example a family doesn't need any laws to function), however these groups must NEVER become anything akin to a tribe, state or nation, i.e. part of one's [identity](identity_politics.md) that fuels [fascism](fascism.md) (competition between the groups). There is great danger of misinterpretation here as people often confuse this with a tribalist or "wild west" society, which is NOT the case. The groups are just pragmatic units serving organization of society, collaborating and helping each other, but again, NOT on a basis of trade, business, [fascism](fascism.md) or any other kind of self interest and [competition](competition.md) (which eventually creates pacts, trade unions, then bigger entities such as [corporations](corporation.md), states, armies, hierarchies of power, leading to capitalism and basically our [current society](21st_century.md)). There must be no borders so that people can (and probably should) travel freely, joining other communities from time to time, if only to prevent nationalist tendencies or envy of the greener grass on the other side of the fence. Individuals within the groups must likewise stay as self sufficient and independent as possible of the group and other people -- (TRUE) [freedom](freedom.md) and independence must become ingrained in [culture](culture.md) so that no individual or group will ever choose for example the comfort of delegating an essential service to a middle man to whom power would be given this way. Both individuals and the groups must be like neighbors and perceive everyone else a member of his worldwide family so that mutual help is always voluntary, [selfless](selflessness.md) and does NOT create hard [dependencies](dependency.md) (if group *A* becomes absolutely dependent on group *B*, e.g. by delegating some crucial service to it, group *B* will now gain power over group *A* by the possibility to refuse to perform the service, allowing blackmailing and creating hierarchy where *B* stands above *A*). This is what *loose association* means: voluntary selfless cooperation but with sustained self sufficiency, i.e. without any hard ties that would essentially present chains. All this creates a **[decentralized](decentralization.md)** society in which no one holds power (that could be abused) over anyone else -- small groups of people not needing governments, being self sufficient but enjoying further advantages and comfort of cooperating with other groups as long as it doesn't compromise their freedom; independent individuals capable of moving anywhere, preventing formation of states with borders which could start hoarding and denying resources etc. This stress on freedom further leads anarchists to adopt ideas that naturally increase freedom such as [minimalism](minimalism.md), [primitive technology](primitivism.md) etc.
 
 Following from the necessity of decentralization and lack of power comes another key principle of anarchism: so called **direct action** which states that in order to achieve change one must act himself and immediately (and if this means an action AGAINST something harmful, nonviolent ways are typically preferred, but some advocate even violent action), one should NOT rely on others or wait for someone else to do things on his behalf. One reason for this comes from what's been stated above: that people and groups must remain self sufficient -- relying on a middle man for one's actions gives power to the middle man, a businessman, a provider of service who then hold the power to bully people by refusal to provide the service etc. This is a deeper concept that to a newcomer isn't immediately obvious, but it's something inherent to anarchism because the only way to make it happen is people seizing to be passive entities delegating their power onto others, they must become self sufficient generalists holding power to truly bring change without sustaining a layer of "representatives" (a kind of hierarchy) above themselves. It's a mindset that's very difficult to adopt for the 21st century consumer who just lies in bed and waits to be fed by the system, thinking he's making a change by signing online petitions on Facebook, but it's exactly what has to be changed in order for the society to truly change for the better.
 
-[LRS](lrs.md) is a truly anarchist movement, specifically [anarcho pacifist](anpac.md) and [anarcho communist](ancom.md) one. **True, purest anarchism is [pacifist](pacifism.md), [communist](communism.md) and [altruistic](altruism.md)** as that's the perfect ideal of society without hierarchy. Other forms of anarchism that try to sneak in acceptance of concepts such as "justified violence" or some form of "market economy" are mostly just poses of teenage boys who really believe in capitalism but want to adopt a cool label of "anarchist".
+[LRS](lrs.md) is a truly anarchist movement, specifically [anarcho pacifist](anpac.md) and [anarcho communist](ancom.md) one. Without any question, the **true, purest anarchism is [pacifist](pacifism.md), [communist](communism.md) and [altruistic](altruism.md)** as that's the perfect ideal of society without hierarchy. Other forms of anarchism that try to sneak in acceptance of concepts such as "justified violence" or some form of "market economy" are mostly just poses of teenage boys who really believe in capitalism but want to adopt a cool label of "anarchist", a badge to wear like a superhero cape. Indeed, that's very retarded.
 
 Anarchism comes with a **complete change of mindset**, it's not enough to say "state and corporations = bad" and then continue to live the comfortable life of a consumerist [NPC](npc.md); truly embracing anarchism means exploring and realizing in depth various societal forces, their extent, and as a result absolutely changing how one lives and thinks -- becoming active instead of passive, letting go of luxury, starting to rely as much as one can only on self, obtaining more [freedom](freedom.md) in every way, stopping [consumption](consumerism.md), becoming self sufficient as much as possible, becoming a generalist and so on. To have society without people being subdued to other people it's not possible to have passive zombies who rely on others: for example you are not an anarchist if you support a non-profit that is supposed to create "ethical" [free software](free_software.md) for you; you are an anarchist if you write that software yourself. You are not an anarchist if you wear a badge that says you support children in Africa or retweet inspirational messages about how we should support charities that do so, you are an anarchist if you go to Africa and help them yourself. Good society SHOULD provide people with what they need, with free food, free healthcare, free education, it should NOT be required to grow own food in order to be fed, but such society is only possible if people VOLUNTARILY try to do so, if they become wise enough to no longer require the capitalist's whip in order to do something. I.e. anarchism is NOT an excuse for being lazy, lying in bed and masturbating all day -- it is fine to be lazy and masturbate all day, but if that is your goal, you are better off dropping your morals and becoming a rich capitalist. The goal of anarchism is good society, and that indeed does take something, allowing people to be free in their decision of whether or not to work will require an effort. So before calling yourself an anarchist ask yourself: are you someone who is truly concerned with the greater values of anarchism, or just someone who selfishly likes what benefits it would bring him personally, on the detriment of others? The latter is nothing more than being a [capitalist](capitalism.md).
 

bill_gates.md

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # Bill Gate$
 
-*"Some people are so poor that all they've got is money."*
+*Can safely be [confused](often_confused.md) with [Hitler](hitler.md).*
 
-William "Bill" Gaytes (28.10.1955 -- TODO) is a malevolent [mass murderer and rapist](entrepreneur.md) (i.e. [capitalist](capitalism.md)) who established and led the terrorist organization [Micro$oft](microsoft.md). He is one of the most rich and [evil](evil.md) individuals in [history](history.md) who took over the world by force establishing the [malware](malware.md) "[operating system](os.md)" [Window$](windows.md) as the common operating system, nowadays being dangerous especially by hiding behind his "charity organization" (see [charitywashing](charitywashing.md)) which has been widely criticized (see e.g. http://techrights.org/wiki/Gates_Foundation_Critique, even such mainstream media as [Wikipedia](wikipedia.md) present the criticism) but which nevertheless makes him look as someone doing "public good" in the eyes of the naive brainless [NPC](npc.md) masses. His face looks like lemon from which someone sucked all the juice. The Church of [Emacs](emacs.md) call Gates the devil (https://www.gnu.org/fun/jokes/gospel.html).
+William "Bill" Gaytes (28.10.1955 -- TODO) is a malevolent [mass murderer and rapist](entrepreneur.md) (i.e. [capitalist](capitalism.md)) who established and led the terrorist organization [Micro$oft](microsoft.md). He is one of the most rich and [evil](evil.md) individuals in [history](history.md) who took over the world by force establishing the [malware](malware.md) "[operating system](os.md)" [Window$](windows.md) as the common operating system, nowadays being dangerous especially by hiding behind his "charity organization" (see [charitywashing](charitywashing.md)) which has been widely criticized (see e.g. http://techrights.org/wiki/Gates_Foundation_Critique, even such mainstream media as [Wikipedia](wikipedia.md) present the criticism) but which nevertheless makes him look as someone doing "public good" in the eyes of the naive brainless [NPC](npc.md) masses. His face looks like a dry lemon from which someone squeezed all the juice. The Church of [Emacs](emacs.md) call Gates the devil (https://www.gnu.org/fun/jokes/gospel.html). Bill Gates embodies the saying that some people are so poor that all they've got is money.
 
 ```
      \__.,.
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ William "Bill" Gaytes (28.10.1955 -- TODO) is a malevolent [mass murderer and ra
 
 *ASCII portrait of Bill Gaytes*
 
-He is really [dumb](retard.md), only speaks one language and didn't even finish university. He also has no moral values, but that goes without saying for any rich businessman. He was owned pretty hard in [chess](chess.md) by Magnus Carlsen on some shitty TV show.
+He is really [dumb](retard.md), only speaks one [language](human_language.md) and didn't even finish university. He also has no [moral](morality.md) values, but that goes without saying for any rich businessman. He was owned pretty hard in [chess](chess.md) by Magnus Carlsen on some shitty TV show.
 
 When Bill was born, his father was just busy counting dollar bills, so he named him Bill. Bill was mentally [retarded](retard.md) as a child and as such had to attend a private school. He never really understood programming but with a below average intelligence he had a good shot at succeeding in [business](capitalism.md). Thanks to his family connections he got to Harvard where he met [Steve Ballmer](steve_ballmer.md). Later he dropped out of the school due to his low intelligence.
 

capitalism.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 *Capitalism is how you enslave a man with his approval.*
 
-Capitali$m is the worst socioeconomic system we've yet seen in [history](history.md),^[source](logic.md) based on pure greed, [culture](culture.md) of [slavery](work.md) and artificially sustained conflict between everyone in society (so called [competition](competition.md)), abandoning all [morals](morality.md) and putting [money](money.md) and profit (so called [capital](capital.md)) above everything else including preservation of [life](life.md) itself, capitalism fuels the worst in [people](people.md) and forces them to compete and suffer for basic resources, even in a world where abundance of resources is already possible to be achieved -- of course, capitalism is a purely [rightist](left_right.md) idea. Capitalism goes against [progress](progress.md) (see e.g. [antivirus paradox](antivirus_paradox.md)), [good technology](lrs.md) and [freedom](freedom.md), it supports immense waste of resources, [wars](war.md), abuse of people and animals, destruction of environment, decline of morals, deterioration of [art](art.md), invention of [bullshit](bullshit.md) (bullshit jobs, bullshit laws, ...), utilization and perfection of torture methods, [brainwashing](brainwashing.md), [censorship](censorship.md) and so on. In a sense capitalism can be seen as **slavery 2.0** or *universal slavery*, a more sophisticated form of slavery, one which denies the label by calling itself the polar opposite, "freedom", when in fact capitalism is merely a "freedom" to oppress others -- underlying every argument for capitalism is an argument against freedom itself; capitalism manipulates people into them approving and voluntarily partaking in their own enslavement (capitalist slaves are called wage slaves or *wagies*) -- this new form of slavery which enslaves everyone evolved because the old form with strictly separated classes of slaves and masters was becoming unsustainable, with the enslaved majority revolting, causing civil wars etc. This alone already seems to many like a good reason for [suicide](suicide.md), however wage and [consumption](consumerism.md) slavery is still only a small part of capitalist [dystopia](dystopia.md) -- capitalism brings on destruction basically to every part of civilization. It it also often likened to a **[cancer](cancer.md) of society**; one that is ever expanding, destroying everything with commercialism, materialism, waste and destruction, growing uncontrollably with the sole goal of just never stopping an ever accelerating growth. Nevertheless, it's been truthfully stated that "it is now easier to imagine the end of all life than any substantial change in capitalism." Capitalism will be there long after humans are gone. Another famous quote is that "capitalism is the belief that the worst of men driven by the nastiest motives will somehow work for the benefit of everyone", indeed a truthful statement.
+Capitali$m is the worst socioeconomic system we've yet seen in [history](history.md),^[source](logic.md) based on pure greed ("greed is good" being one of the fundamental capitalist mottos), [culture](culture.md) of [slavery](work.md) and artificially sustained conflict between everyone in society (so called [competition](competition.md)), abandoning all [morals](morality.md) and putting [money](money.md) and profit (so called [capital](capital.md)) above everything else including preservation of [life](life.md) itself, capitalism fuels the worst in [people](people.md) and forces them to compete and suffer for basic resources, even in a world where abundance of resources is already possible to be achieved -- of course, capitalism is a purely [rightist](left_right.md) idea. Capitalism goes against [progress](progress.md) (see e.g. [antivirus paradox](antivirus_paradox.md)), [good technology](lrs.md) and [freedom](freedom.md), it supports immense waste of resources, [wars](war.md), abuse of people and animals, destruction of environment, decline of morals, deterioration of [art](art.md), invention of [bullshit](bullshit.md) (bullshit jobs, bullshit laws, ...), utilization and perfection of torture methods, [brainwashing](brainwashing.md), [censorship](censorship.md) and so on. In a sense capitalism can be seen as **slavery 2.0** or *universal slavery*, a more sophisticated form of slavery, one which denies the label by calling itself the polar opposite, "freedom", when in fact capitalism is merely a "freedom" to oppress others -- underlying every argument for capitalism is an argument against freedom itself; capitalism manipulates people into them approving and voluntarily partaking in their own enslavement (capitalist slaves are called wage slaves or *wagies*) -- this new form of slavery which enslaves everyone evolved because the old form with strictly separated classes of slaves and masters was becoming unsustainable, with the enslaved majority revolting, causing civil wars etc. This alone already seems to many like a good reason for [suicide](suicide.md), however wage and [consumption](consumerism.md) slavery is still only a small part of capitalist [dystopia](dystopia.md) -- capitalism brings on destruction basically to every part of civilization. It it also often likened to a **[cancer](cancer.md) of society**; one that is ever expanding, destroying everything with commercialism, materialism, waste and destruction, growing uncontrollably with the sole goal of just never stopping an ever accelerating growth. Nevertheless, it's been truthfully stated that "it is now easier to imagine the end of all life than any substantial change in capitalism." Capitalism will be there long after humans are gone. Another famous quote is that "capitalism is the belief that the worst of men driven by the nastiest motives will somehow work for the benefit of everyone", indeed a truthful statement.
 
 { Some web bashing capitalism I just found: http://digdeeper.club/articles/capitalismcancer.xhtml, read only briefly, seems to contain some nice gems capturing the rape of people. ~drummyfish }
 
@@ -155,6 +155,7 @@ At this point basically anything else is better. But we here advocate [less reta
 
 - [money](money.md)
 - [the great trap](great_trap.md)
+- [Adam Smith](adam_smith.md)
 - [dystopia](dystopia.md)
 - [fascism](fascism.md)
 - ["anarcho" capitalism](ancap.md)

color.md

@@ -1,15 +1,13 @@
 # Color
 
-Color (also *colour*, from *celare*, "to cover") is the perceived visual quality of [light](light.md) that's associated with its [wavelength](wavelength.md)/[frequency](frequency.md) (or mixture of several); for example [red](red.md), [blue](blue.md) and [yellow](yellow.md) are colors. [Electromagnetic](electromagnetism.md) waves with wavelength from about 380 to 750 nm (about 400 to 790 THz) form the **visible spectrum**, i.e. waves our eyes can see -- combining such waves with different intensities and letting them fall on the retina of our eyes gives rise to the perception of color in our brain. There is a hugely deep *color theory* concerned with the concept of color (its definition, description, reproduction, psychological effect etc.). Needless to say colors are extremely important in anything related to visual [information](information.md) such as [art](art.md), [computer graphics](graphics.md), astrophysics, various visualizations or just everyday perception of our world. Color support is sometimes used as the opposite of systems that are extremely limited in the number of colors they can handle, which may be called [monochromatic](monochrome.md), 1bit (distinguishing only two colors), black&white or [grayscale](grayscale.md). Color can be seen to be in the same relation to sight as [pitch](pitch.md) is to hearing.
+Color (also *colour*, from *celare*, "to cover") is the perceived visual quality of [light](light.md) that's associated with its [wavelength](wavelength.md)/[frequency](frequency.md) (or mixture of several); for example [red](red.md), [blue](blue.md) and [yellow](yellow.md) are colors. [Electromagnetic](electromagnetism.md) waves with wavelength from about 380 to 750 nm (about 400 to 790 THz) form the **visible spectrum**, i.e. waves our eyes can see -- combining such waves with different intensities and letting them fall on the retina of our eyes gives rise to the perception of color in our brain. Without a question colors play immensely important role in our daily lives and thus the study of such an essential physical quality is very profound: there is a deep and complex *color theory* concerned with the concept of color (its definition, description, reproduction, psychological effect etc.). Needless to say colors are intimately related to any visual [information](information.md) such as [art](art.md), [computer graphics](graphics.md), astrophysics, various visualizations or just everyday perception of our world. Color support is sometimes used as the opposite of systems that are extremely limited in the number of colors they can handle, which may be called [monochromatic](monochrome.md), 1bit (distinguishing only two colors), black&white or [grayscale](grayscale.md). Color can be thought of as having a similar relationship to visual information as [pitch](pitch.md) has to auditory information.
 
-Fun fact: in the past some colors were officially called [nigger](nigger.md).
+[Fun](fun.md) fact: in the past some colors were officially called [nigger](nigger.md).
 
-**How many colors are there?** The number of colors humans can distinguish is of course individual (color blindness makes people see fewer colors but there are also conditions that make one see more colors), then also we can ask what color really means (see below) but -- approximately speaking -- various sources state we are able to distinguish millions or even over 10 million different colors on average. In computer technology we talk about **color depth** which says the number of [bits](bit.md) we use to represent color -- the more bits, the more colors we can represent. 24 bits are nowadays mostly used to record color (8 bits for each red, green and blue component, so called *true color*), which allows for 16777216 distinct colors, though even something like [16 bits](rgb565.md) (65536 colors) is mostly enough for many use cases. Some advanced systems however support many more colors than true color, especially extremely bright and dim ones -- see [HDR](hdr.md).
+**How many colors are there?** The total count of colors humans can distinguish is of course individual (color blindness makes people see fewer colors but there are also conditions that make some people be able to perceive more colors), then also we can ask what color really means (see below) but -- approximately speaking -- various sources state we are able to distinguish millions or even over 10 million different colors on average. In [computer](computer.md) [technology](tech.md) we talk about **color depth** which says the number of [bits](bit.md) we use to represent color -- the more bits, the more colors we can represent. 24 bits are nowadays mostly used to record color (8 bits for each red, green and blue component, so called *true color*), which allows for 16777216 distinct colors, though even something like [16 bits](rgb565.md) (65536 colors) is mostly enough for many use cases. Some advanced systems however support many more colors than true color, especially extremely bright and dim ones -- see [HDR](hdr.md).
 
 **What gives physical objects their color?** Most everyday objects get their color from reflecting only specific parts of the white light (usually sunlight), while absorbing the opposite part of the spectrum, i.e. for example a white object reflects all incoming light, a black one absorbs all incoming light (that's why black things get hot in sunlight), a red one reflects the red light and absorbs the rest etc. This is determined by the qualities of the object's surface, such as the structure of its atoms or its microscopic geometry.
 
-TODO
-
 ## What Is Color?
 
 This is actually a non-trivial question, or rather there exist many varying definitions of it and furthermore it is a matter of subjective experience, perception of colors may differ between people. When asking what color really is, consider the following:
@@ -19,13 +17,208 @@ This is actually a non-trivial question, or rather there exist many varying defi
 - Is [saturation](saturation.md) part of color, or a separate attribute? I.e. are e.g. green and greenish gray different colors, or same colors with different saturation? Now it depends.
 - Is [black](black.md) a color, or rather a lack of a color? E.g. in computers it is usually treated just as another color, but [real world](irl.md) black is really the absence of any light.
 - Is [white](white.md) a color? If we are using a subtractive color model, the argument is the same as for black (white paper is really just lack of any color on it).
-- Is e.g. gold a color? Or just yellow with a lot of [specular reflection](specular.md)? In real world many things may be called to have a gold color, but in computer graphics we would likely separate the color from the light reflective attribute (such as metalicity).
+- Is e.g. gold a color? Or just yellow with a lot of [specular reflection](specular.md)? In the real world many things may be called to have a gold color, but in computer graphics we would likely separate the color from the light reflective attribute (such as metalicity).
 - Is transparent a color?
 - Is intensity part of color (especially in context of e.g. [HDR](hdr.md))? For example we might say both [Sun](sun.md) and paper are white, but still Sun's color is much "stronger" -- is it therefore a "whiter white" than that of a paper?
 - Are colors not perceivable by average human colors? Many animals see colors we can't see (e.g. those in [infrared](infrared.md) spectrum), but there are also rare cases of humans (so called tetrachromats) who see many more colors than usual thanks to a mutation.
 - Are [impossible colors](impossible_color.md) colors? Interestingly there exist colors perceivable by average humans which however cannot naturally be seen due to "physics" -- they can however be seen with "eye [hacks](hacking.md)". Do we count these too?
 - ...
 
-## Color In Computers/Programming
+## Color In Math/Programming
 
-TODO: RGB, indexed color, depth, HDR, YUV, HSV etc.
+Provided it's so hard to even define color, it's no surprise that color theory is kind of complicated as [fuck](fuck.md). This section will only poke on essential stuff, mostly in relation to [programming](programming.md).
+
+To preface we must briefly mention that colors are divided in many ways, for example there are spectral colors (ones that can be describes by a single wavelength, i.e. those found in the rainbow), primary colors (a set of a few basic colors whose mixing can produce other colors, for example red, green and blue; this depends on color model), secondary colors (equal mixing of two primary ones), tertiary colors (mix of primary and secondary) etc.
+
+**How do our eyes perceive color?** Even if by chance we hated biology, it's useful to know the basics of what's going on in our eyes and brains. In they eye (on the retina) we have two kinds of bitches (cells): rods and cones. Rods perceive "brightness", i.e. "how many photons per second" there are -- these bitches can't see color, only "intensity" of light, but they're useful at night when there is low light. Cones on the other hand make us see actual colors, and they are separated to three types: ones detecting red, green and blue light. Each type of cone gets excited when bombarded with photons of its respective desired FREQUENCY (i.e. color), and it also reacts a little less to frequencies close to that key frequency. So for example the "green color" cones react violently when a photon with the frequency of 555 * 10^12 Hz (wavelength of 540 nm) hits them, and they also somewhat react to 600 * 10^12 Hz, but they remain very chill when hit by 680 * 10^12 Hz wave -- but here the blue cone gets excited very much. The brain sees the amount of excitement for each of the three cone types and based on that decides what exact color we are seeing.
+
+Now to begin with the programming theory, let's start with the term **color model**. As could be guessed by the name, it means "[mathematical](math.md) model of color", i.e. a way of representing colors with [numbers](number.md). Even though this is probably not 100% correct, as programmers we can more or less equate color model with "color representation in memory". There exist several widely used color models, most of which consist of 3 numeric components. This means that color to us can be [abstractly](abstraction.md) though of as a point in 3D space (unless we're dealing with more limited colors, for example shades of gray, which is then of course a 1 dimensional value). Color models can be further divided into additive, subtractive etc.
+
+Let's list some of the most common color models/representations (conversions between then will be shown later):
+
+- **RGB** (red, green, blue): Most basic model, native to most full color display devices (each [pixel](pixel.md) on a monitor is composed of three tiny subpixels: red, green and blue), based on biological function of human eye (cone cells on retina are of three types depending on which color they sense: red, green and blue). This is therefore the most common representation of color in programming, it's the "default" one. The model is *additive*, which means the primary colors (red, green and blue) are mixed by being ADDED together (converging towards white color). The disadvantage of RGB is for instance that it's not very straightforward to manipulate things such as saturation etc. An RGB color can be imagines as a point inside a 1x1x1 [cube](cube.md) (one dimension is red, one green and one blue, each going from 0 to 1).
+- **HSV** (hue, saturation, value, also HSB, with brightness): Another common representation. Hue says the "pigment" of the color (red, blue, green, yellow, orange, pink, ...), saturation the "fullness" or "richness" (from dull gray to "very colorful") and value is the "brightness". Compared to RGB this is an alternative way of representing the same colors, the dimensions are just defined differently. The main advantage of HSV against RGB is more natural manipulation of colors: for example to brighten a color we only increase the value component of each pixel; or to make an image more vivid, we fire up the saturation component. Unlike with RGB however, HSV in 3D is depicted as a cylinder wherein the vertical dimension is value, horizontal distance from the center is saturation (decreasing saturation of any color takes it to the same center value, which lies on a gray scale) and hue is the angle of rotation about vertical axis going through the center (it's a cyclical value, commonly expressed in degrees). A major disadvantage is that black color has many different representations (any color with saturation and value zero, regardless of hue), which wastes values.
+- **HSL** (hue, saturation, lightness): Very similar to HSV, just with a slightly different meaning of the last component. Lightness also represents a sort of "brightness", but, unlike with value, cranking lightness to the max will make every color pure white. The difference is essentially this: considering a color's RGB representation, *value* is the largest of the R, G and B components, whereas *lightness* is an average of the largest and smallest of these values. This further worsens the disadvantage mentioned above: both black and white colors now have several representations.
+- **HCV** and **HCL**: like HSV and HSL but using chroma instead of saturation. Chroma is very similar to saturation, but defined a little bit differently.
+- **CMY** (cyan, magenta, yellow): Subtractive model, used mainly in print. The primary colors here are complementary to red, green and blue, and they get mixed by SUBTRACTING -- this is because in printing white color is the default and black results as a mix of all the primary colors.
+- **CMYK** (cyan, magenta, yellow, key): CMY with added *key* component -- this is usually pure black color and it's there basically to save cost. Normally black (and shades of gray) could be produced by mixing cyan, magenta and yellow, but that would be wasteful, so there is one cartridge with just pure black.
+- **YUV**: Represents color as one "brightness" value (Y) and two "chroma" values (U and V). Taking only the Y channel would give us a grayscale picture, and the additional U and V components give it full color. This has many advantages, for example if we have a three-wire cable carrying YUV signal, black-and-white screens can just take the Y channel and ignore the other two.
+- **YCbCr**: Similar to YUV, mostly used in encoding of digital [video](video.md) because the separation of intensity and chroma channels allows for good lossy [compression](compression.md) by subsampling (using lower resolution for) chroma, while keeping good resolution for intensity (to which our sight is more sensitive).
+- **grayscale**: Straightforward model for "black and white" (or otherwise monochrome) images in which each pixel just has a single *intensity* ("brightness") value.
+- **indexed** ([palette](palette.md)): Not exactly a "model" but rather a computer representation. Indexed color means that that we have some given palette and then each color is represented simply as a whole number that points to the palette (i.e. color is an index). Colors in the palette can be represented in any model and color depth, for example 24 bit RGB -- the advantage is that representation of a color (i.e. each pixel) can take relatively small space, depending on how many colors there are in the palette (e.g. with a 256 color palette each pixel will only require 8 bits).
+- other ones: BGR (RGB with different order of components), HCL (hue, chroma, luminance), HCV (hue, chroma, value), ...
+
+Now given a model such as RGB, a mathematician will like to represent each of the components as a [real number](real_number.md) in the range between 0 and 1, i.e. for example the red color would be represented as [1,0,0]. As programmers, however, we'll eventually have to quantize the values and thus we have to also talk about so called **color depth**, a value saying how many [bits](bit.md) we allocate for a color representation -- the term *bits per pixel* (BPP) is frequently encountered as a unit here. For example the standard for the RGB model is nowadays 8 bits per component, i.e. 24 bits in total, and so it is sometimes called RGB24 (this frequently gets extended to RGB32 by adding another 8bit alpha component, which expresses transparency; this is convenient as 32bit values nicely align in memory). 24bit RGB values are commonly expressed in hexadecimal where, very conveniently, each pair of digits represents one component: for example the color green might be written as `#00ff00` (sometimes even shorter forms are allowed, e.g. [CSS](css.md) also supports `#0f0`). Color depth, naturally, will imply how many colors in total we'll be able to represent. Some devices possess higher color depth (see mainly [HDR](hdr.md)) and some have lower (e.g. [RGB332](rgb332.md) uses 8, [RGB565](rgb565.md) uses 16 etc.). In case we can't split the number of bits evenly, we should allocate more bits for the components that "matter more" in terms of human vision -- for example [RGB565](rgb565.md) allocates 5 bits to red and blue and 6 bits to green, as human eye is most sensitive to green. Especially with lower color depths tricks such as [dithering](dithering.md) can be used to visually simulate more colors.
+
+Another essential term is **color space**, practically denoting a [set](set.md) of "physical" colors. Color space is oftentimes related to and/or confused with color model, but they are different things: whereas color model says how we represent color, color space just defines a set of colors [in the real world](irl.md). Color space may also define a correspondence with some specific color model(s), i.e. for example the color of the Sun in the sky may correspond to the RGB value [1.0, 1.0, 1.0] or something -- this is why they may get confused. There exist standardized color spaces such as [sRGB](srgb.md). And then there is also the term **gamut** which signifies a subset of given colorspace. Gamut is used in context of physical devices such as monitors, printers or cameras, to express which exact physical colors the device can reproduce and/or capture. Color spaces and gamuts are important when you're calibrating devices, for example if you want the colors on your monitor match colors that come out of your printer etc.
+
+Finally let's quickly go over other concepts related to colors. **[Gamma](gamma.md) correction** is a non-linear [function](function.md) very often used on the "brightness" component of recorded colors -- this is because human sight is more sensitive to darker colors than lighter ones, and so to increase perceptual image quality it is good to allocate more bits for darker tones on the detriment of lighter ones. **[HDR](hdr.md)** (high dynamic range) means that a device is capable of handling "brightness" values in very wide range, i.e. for instance an HDR camera will be able to simultaneously capture details in both very bright and very dark areas of a scene (whereas in traditional cameras a bright sky will for example turn out all white) -- for this a very high color depth is used (typically the RGB components are represented as [floating point](float.md) values). **Complementary color** to given color is one that "cancels" it out when mixed with it.
+
+The following is a table of some common colors:
+
+| color name   | red |green|blue |cyan|magenta|yellow| hue |chroma|sat.(V)|sat.(L)|value|light.|grayscale| RGB24  |RGB565|RGB332| comment                                       |
+| ------------ |-----|-----|-----|----| ----- | ---- |-----| ---- | ----- | ----- |-----|------| ------- |--------|------|------| --------------------------------------------- |
+| white        | 1   | 1   | 1   | 0  | 0     | 0    | 0   | 0    | 0     | 0     | 1   | 1    | 1       |`ffffff`|`ffff`| `ff` | all frequencies, complementary to black       |
+| light gray   | 0.75| 0.75| 0.75|0.25| 0.25  | 0.25 | 0   | 0    | 0     | 0     | 0.75| 0.75 | 0.75    |`c0c0c0`|`c618`| `db` | complementary to dark gray                    |
+| gray         | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |0.5 | 0.5   | 0.5  | 0   | 0    | 0     | 0     | 0.5 | 0.5  | 0.5     |`808080`|`8410`| `92` | complementary to self                         |
+| dark gray    | 0.25| 0.25| 0.25|0.75| 0.75  | 0.75 | 0   | 0    | 0     | 0     | 0.25| 0.25 | 0.25    |`404040`|`4208`| `49` | complementary to light gray                   |
+| black        | 0   | 0   | 0   | 1  | 1     | 1    | 0   | 0    | 0     | 0     | 0   | 0    | 0       |`000000`|`0000`| `00` | lack of light, complementary to white         |
+| red          | 1   | 0   | 0   | 0  | 1     | 1    | 0   | 1    | 1     | 1     | 1   | 0.5  | 0.29    |`ff0000`|`f800`| `e0` | ~685 nm, RGB primary, complementary to cyan   |
+| orange       | 1   | 0.5 | 0   | 0  | 0.5   | 1    | 0.08| 1    | 1     | 1     | 1   | 0.5  | 0.59    |`ff8000`|`fc00`| `f0` | ~605 nm, RGB tertiary, AKA light brown        |
+| yellow       | 1   | 1   | 0   | 0  | 0     | 1    | 0.16| 1    | 1     | 1     | 1   | 0.5  | 0.88    |`ffff00`|`ffe0`| `fc` | ~580 nm, RGB secondary, complementary to blue |
+| green        | 0   | 1   | 0   | 1  | 0     | 1    | 0.33| 1    | 1     | 1     | 1   | 0.5  | 0.58    |`00ff00`|`07e0`| `1c` | ~532 nm, RGB primary, complementary to pink   |
+| cyan         | 0   | 1   | 1   | 1  | 0     | 0    | 0.5 | 1    | 1     | 1     | 1   | 0.5  | 0.7     |`00ffff`|`07ff`| `1f` | ~512 nm, RGB secondary, complementary to red  |
+| blue         | 0   | 0   | 1   | 1  | 1     | 0    | 0.66| 1    | 1     | 1     | 1   | 0.5  | 0.11    |`0000ff`|`001f`| `03` | ~472 nm, RGB primary, complementary to yellow |
+| violet       | 0.5 | 0   | 1   | 0.5| 1     | 0    | 0.75| 1    | 1     | 1     | 1   | 0.5  | 0.26    |`8000ff`|`801f`| `83` | ~415 nm, RGB tertiary                         |
+| pink         | 1   | 0   | 1   | 0  | 1     | 0    | 0.83| 1    | 1     | 1     | 1   | 0.5  | 0.41    |`ff00ff`|`f81f`| `e3` | RGB secondary, complementary to green         |
+| light red    | 1   | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0  | 0.5   | 0.5  | 0   | 0.5  | 0.5   | 1     | 1   | 0.75 | 0.64    |`ff8080`|`fc10`| `f2` |                                               |
+| light orange | 1   | 0.75| 0.5 | 0  | 0.25  | 0.5  | 0.08| 0.5  | 0.5   | 1     | 1   | 0.75 | 0.79    |`ffc040`|`fe10`| `fa` |                                               |
+| light yellow | 1   | 1   | 0.5 | 0  | 0     | 0.5  | 0.16| 0.5  | 0.5   | 1     | 1   | 0.75 | 0.94    |`ffff80`|`fff0`| `fe` |                                               |
+| light green  | 0.5 | 1   | 0.5 | 0.5| 0     | 0.5  | 0.33| 0.5  | 0.5   | 1     | 1   | 0.75 | 0.79    |`80ff80`|`87f0`| `9e` |                                               |
+| light cyan   | 0.5 | 1   | 1   | 0.5| 0     | 0    | 0.5 | 0.5  | 0.5   | 1     | 1   | 0.75 | 0.85    |`80ffff`|`87ff`| `9f` |                                               |
+| light blue   | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1   | 0.5| 0.5   | 0    | 0.66| 0.5  | 0.5   | 1     | 1   | 0.75 | 0.55    |`8080ff`|`841f`| `93` |                                               |
+| light violet | 0.75| 0.5 | 1   |0.25| 0.5   | 0    | 0.75| 0.5  | 0.5   | 1     | 1   | 0.75 | 0.63    |`c08040`|`c41f`| `d3` |                                               |
+| light pink   | 1   | 0.5 | 1   | 0  | 0.5   | 0    | 0.83| 0.5  | 0.5   | 1     | 1   | 0.75 | 0.7     |`ff80ff`|`fc1f`| `f3` |                                               |
+| dark red     | 0.5 | 0   | 0   | 0.5| 1     | 1    | 0   | 0.5  | 1     | 1     | 0.5 | 0.25 | 0.14    |`800000`|`8000`| `80` |                                               |
+| brown        | 0.5 | 0.25| 0   | 0.5| 0.75  | 1    | 0.08| 0.5  | 1     | 1     | 0.5 | 0.25 | 0.29    |`804000`|`8200`| `88` | AKA dark orange                               |
+| dark yellow  | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0   | 0.5| 0.5   | 1    | 0.16| 0.5  | 1     | 1     | 0.5 | 0.25 | 0.44    |`808000`|`8400`| `90` |                                               |
+| dark green   | 0   | 0.5 | 0   | 1  | 0.5   | 1    | 0.33| 0.5  | 1     | 1     | 0.5 | 0.25 | 0.29    |`008000`|`0400`| `10` |                                               |
+| dark cyan    | 0   | 0.5 | 0.5 | 1  | 0.5   | 0.5  | 0.5 | 0.5  | 1     | 1     | 0.5 | 0.25 | 0.35    |`008080`|`0410`| `12` |                                               |
+| dark blue    | 0   | 0   | 0.5 | 1  | 1     | 0.5  | 0.66| 0.5  | 1     | 1     | 0.5 | 0.25 | 0.05    |`000080`|`0010`| `02` |                                               |
+| dark violet  | 0.25| 0   | 0.5 |0.75| 1     | 0.5  | 0.75| 0.5  | 1     | 1     | 0.5 | 0.25 | 0.13    |`c00080`|`4010`| `42` |                                               |
+| dark pink    | 0.5 | 0   | 0.5 | 0.5| 1     | 0.5  | 0.83| 0.5  | 1     | 1     | 0.5 | 0.25 | 0.2     |`800080`|`8010`| `82` |                                               |
+
+## Code And Conversions
+
+Below is a [C](c.md) code implementing some functions for conversion between different color representations, may it serve as a reference of how to convert between them.
+
+```
+#define u8 unsigned char
+
+u8 rgbToGray(u8 r, u8 g, u8 b)
+{
+  // eye has diff. sens. to components, formula: gray ~= 0.3 R + 0.6 G + 0.1 B
+  return (5 * ((unsigned) r) + 8 * ((unsigned) g) + 3 * ((unsigned) b)) / 16;
+}
+
+void rgbToCmy(u8 r, u8 g, u8 b, u8 *c, u8 *m, u8 *y)
+{
+  *c = 255 - r; *m = 255 - g; *y = 255 - b;
+}
+
+void cmyToRgb(u8 c, u8 m, u8 y, u8 *r, u8 *g, u8 *b)
+{
+  *r = 255 - c; *g = 255 - m; *b = 255 - y;
+}
+
+void hsvlToRgb(u8 h, u8 s, u8 vl, u8 *r, u8 *g, u8 *b, u8 hsv)
+{
+  *r = hsv ? ((((int) vl) * s) / 256) :
+    (((int) (256 - 2 * ((vl > 127) ? (vl - 127) : (127 - vl)))) * s) / 256;
+
+  int c = (((((int) h) * 256) / 42) % 512) - 255;
+  *g = (((int) *r) * (255 + (c >= 0 ? -1 * c : c))) / 256;
+  *b = hsv ? (vl - *r) : (((int) vl) - *r / 2);
+  *r += *b;
+  *g += *b;
+
+  switch (h / 42)
+  {
+    case 0:  break;
+    case 1:  *r ^= *g; *g ^= *r; *r ^= *g; break; // swap
+    case 2:  *b = *g; *g = c; break; 
+    case 3:  *b = *r; *r = c; break;
+    case 4:  *b = *r; *r = *g; *g = c; break;
+    default: *b = *g; *g = c; break;
+  }
+}
+
+void rgbToHcsvl(u8 r, u8 g, u8 b, u8 *h, u8 *c, u8 *sv, u8 *sl, u8 *v, u8 *l)
+{
+  int min = r < g ? (r < b ? r : b) : (g < b ? g : b); // min of 3
+  *v = r > g ? (r > b ? r : b) : (g > b ? g : b);      // max of 3
+  *c = *v - min;
+
+  *l = (min + *v) / 2;
+
+  *sl = (*l != 0 && *l != 255) ?
+    ((511 * (((int) *v) - *l)) / (256 - 2 * ((*l > 127) ?
+      (*l - 127) : (127 - *l)))) : 0;
+
+  min = *c;
+  *sv = (*v != 0) ? (255 * min) / *v : 0;
+
+  if (*c == 0)
+    *h = 0;
+  else if (*v == r)
+    *h = (256 + (42 * (((int) g) - b)) / min) % 256;
+  else if (*v == g)
+    *h = ((42 * ((2 * min + b) - r)) / min) % 256;
+  else if (*v == b)
+    *h = ((42 * ((4 * min + r) - g)) / min) % 256;
+}
+
+void hsvToRgb(u8 h, u8 s, u8 v, u8 *r, u8 *g, u8 *b)
+{
+  hsvlToRgb(h,s,v,r,g,b,1);
+}
+
+void hslToRgb(u8 h, u8 s, u8 l, u8 *r, u8 *g, u8 *b)
+{
+  hsvlToRgb(h,s,l,r,g,b,0);
+}
+
+void rgbToHsv(u8 r, u8 g, u8 b, u8 *h, u8 *s, u8 *v)
+{
+  u8 sl, l, c;
+  rgbToHcsvl(r,g,b,h,&c,s,&sl,v,&sl);
+}
+
+void rgbToHsl(u8 r, u8 g, u8 b, u8 *h, u8 *s, u8 *l)
+{
+  u8 sv, v, c;
+  rgbToHcsvl(r,g,b,h,&c,&sv,s,&v,l);
+}
+
+void rgbToHcv(u8 r, u8 g, u8 b, u8 *h, u8 *c, u8 *v)
+{
+  u8 sv, sl, l;
+  rgbToHcsvl(r,g,b,h,c,&sv,&sl,v,&l);
+}
+
+void rgbToHcl(u8 r, u8 g, u8 b, u8 *h, u8 *c, u8 *l)
+{
+  u8 sv, sl, v;
+  rgbToHcsvl(r,g,b,h,c,&sv,&sl,&v,l);
+}
+
+void go(u8 r, u8 g, u8 b)
+{
+  u8 x,y,z, xx, yy, zz;
+
+  printf("%d %d %d: ",r,g,b);
+
+  rgbToHsv(r,g,b,&x,&y,&z);
+  printf("HSV [%d %d %d] ",x,y,z);
+  hsvToRgb(x,y,z,&xx,&yy,&zz);
+  printf("(%d %d %d) ,",xx,yy,zz);
+
+  rgbToHsl(r,g,b,&x,&y,&z);
+  printf("HSL [%d %d %d] ",x,y,z);
+  hslToRgb(x,y,z,&xx,&yy,&zz);
+  printf("(%d %d %d) ,",xx,yy,zz);
+
+  rgbToHcv(r,g,b,&x,&y,&z);
+  printf("HCV [%d %d %d], ",x,y,z);
+
+  rgbToHcl(r,g,b,&x,&y,&z);
+  printf("HCL [%d %d %d], ",x,y,z);
+
+  printf("G [%d]\n",rgbToGray(r,g,b));
+}
+```
+
+## See Also
+
+- [RGB332](rgb332.md)
+- [RGB565](rgb565.md)

exercises.md

@@ -71,9 +71,10 @@ This place is for suggesting programming [projects](project.md) that will in fir
 10. **educational [sorting](sorting.md) visualization**: Make a program for visualizing sorting algorithms -- it may draw real graphics (either directly to the screen or by outputting animation file) or just render ASCII art graphics, but it has to clearly show what the sorting algorithm is doing, i.e. which elements are being compared, which are swapped and if it makes good sense to highlight something else (like the pivot or already sorted part of the array), you should do it. Implement at least bubble sort, insertion sort, selection sort and quick sort. Also offer benchmark mode in which all algorithms race in sorting the same array (this can be without advanced visualization, just show e.g. number of steps for each).
 11. **3D model of [fractal](fractal.md)**: Make a program that outputs 3D model of either Siepinski triangle or Koch snowflake fractal. The output shall be some simple 3D format like obj or Collada. The model can be primitive, i.e. it can be just flat shape made of triangles which don't have to really be connected, but the program must allow specifying the number of iterations of the fractal (during invocation, e.g. as a CLI flag). Check that the model is correct by opening it in some 3D editor such as Blender.
 12. **[steganography](steganography.md)**: Make a program that hides text strings in either pictures, sounds or another text. The program must be a nice [CLI](cli.md) utility that performs both encoding and decoding -- it will allow the user to specify the string to hide (this string can be simplified to take less space, e.g. it may be converted to all caps, special characters may be removed etc.) and the data in which to embed them. The size of the string that can be encoded will of course be limited by how much space there is in the data, so you can reject or shorten the string if that's the case. The string must NOT be hidden in metadata (i.e. exif tags, file header, after the data, ...), it must be encoded in the useful data itself, i.e. in pixels of the picture, samples of the sound or characters of the text, but it mustn't be apparent that there is something hidden in the data. Use some simple technique, for example in images and sound you can often change the least significant bits without it being noticed, in text you can insert typos, hyphens, replace some periods with semicolons etc. Get creative.
-13. **[sudoku](sudoku.md) solver**: Create a program to which the user somehow passes a sudoku puzzle (in a file, through a CLI flag, interactively... the choice is yours, but passing a new puzzle mustn't require program recompilation) and the program attempts to solve it. It must first employ some basic reasoning, at very least it has to repeatedly try the elimination method, i.e. marking a set of possible values in each empty square and then reducing these sets by crossing out values that can't be in that square because the same value is in its column/row/minisquare -- wherever only one value remains in the set, it is filled in as final; this has to be repeated until no more progress is being made. If you want, you can employ other techniques as well. After this if the puzzle is still not solved, the program will resort to [brute force](brute_force.md) which has to eventually lead to solution (even if it would take too long). If the program finds that the puzzle is unsolvable, it has to report it.
-14. **[football](football.md) simulator**: Imagine you're moving to live inawoods in a cabin that has no TV or Internet, but it will have a simple solar powered computer. You are a fan of football and like to watch the matches, so you want to write yourself a program that will simulate a game of football for you to watch. Of course it doesn't have to compete with FIFA games, it can be pretty simplified, but it must have some kind of true 2D graphics (not just ASCII art), done for example with SDL, SFML, Allegro, Xlib or anything similar. It doesn't have to be super realistic, players can be drawn even just as circles (thumbs up for some kind of stick figures), but you must implement the basic rules, including offside, players must have different attributes (name, speed, accuracy etc.), they must be able to foul etc. There must also be referees who may sometimes make a bad judgement. Of course the program must show the score, time etc., as well as some basic statistics (number of shots on the goal etc.). The program must allow some flexibility and settings, for example letting 5 very skilled players play against 10 noob players etc. -- this may be implemented with command line flags so that you don't have to implement a graphical menu. If you really hate football you may choose to implement a similar game, for example ice hockey or american football, but it really has to be comparable to this exercise, don't make it easier for yourself.
-15. **language recognizer**: Make a program that will be able to learn and then recognize language of text it is given (in theory it should work for any kind of language, be it human or computer language). Specifically the program will first get *N* files, each one representing a different language (e.g. 5 books in different human languages), then it will take some other text and say to which of the initial *N* files it is linguistically most similar. For simplicity assume only plain ASCII files on input (you can just use some Unicode to ASCII utility on all input files). Use some simple [machine learning](machine_learning.md) technique such as some variant of k-NN. It will suffice if for each training example you construct a vector of some nice features, for example {average word length, vowel/consonant ratio, relative frequency of letter A, relative frequency of letter E, ...}, give each component some weight and then just find the nearest neighbour to the tested sample in this feature space (if you want to be more fancy, split the input files into parts so you get more training samples, then try k-NN with some convenient k). You shouldn't and CANNOT use neural networks, and of course you CANNOT use any machine learning library ;) You don't have to achieve great accuracy but your program should likely be able to quite reliably tell e.g. German from C++.
+13. **visual image comparator**: Write a [CLI](cli.md) program that takes filenames of two images as arguments and outputs their visual similarity in whole percents to standard output (this program can be practically useful, for example for finding similar photos in your albums). You may choose to support just one simple image format, for example [PPM](ppm.md), Farbfeld or BMP ([GIMP](gimp.md) can save images in these formats). If you want to support also more complex formats ([jpeg](jpg.md), [png](png.md), ...), you can use a [library](library.md) (but prefer the simplest ones). Arguments given in swapped order must always give the same result. The program must use no [floating point](float.md) (ignore code in third party libraries)! Use at least three of the following features to estimate the similarity (you may additionally come up with your own of course): average [color](color.md), aspect ratio, difference between maximum and minimum pixel intensity, average [HSV](hsv.md) or [HSL](hsl.md) value of the image, matching pixels between [thresholded](thresholding.md) versions of the images (for this they must be internally resized to the same size), similarity of color [histograms](histogram.md) (for this colors can be simplified to [332](rgb332.md) format), similarity of [frequencies](frequency.md) (no need for [Fourier transform](fourier_transform.md), just make a very rough estimate of e.g. low, mid and high frequencies with some kind of convolution). Thumbs up for subdividing the image into subareas (e.g. a 2x2 grid) and calculating the similarity on a more local basis (i.e. for each subarea separately, then somehow averaging it). The source code must allow tuning of weights of individual features (i.e. have some `#define` constants that say how important is colors similarity, aspect ratio similarity etc.). Error handling may be minimal (program shouldn't segfault, but can just end with writing out "error"). Judgment of the quality of your algorithm is left up to you, but try to make it at least remotely useful.
+14. **[sudoku](sudoku.md) solver**: Create a program to which the user somehow passes a sudoku puzzle (in a file, through a CLI flag, interactively... the choice is yours, but passing a new puzzle mustn't require program recompilation) and the program attempts to solve it. It must first employ some basic reasoning, at very least it has to repeatedly try the elimination method, i.e. marking a set of possible values in each empty square and then reducing these sets by crossing out values that can't be in that square because the same value is in its column/row/minisquare -- wherever only one value remains in the set, it is filled in as final; this has to be repeated until no more progress is being made. If you want, you can employ other techniques as well. After this if the puzzle is still not solved, the program will resort to [brute force](brute_force.md) which has to eventually lead to solution (even if it would take too long). If the program finds that the puzzle is unsolvable, it has to report it.
+15. **[football](football.md) simulator**: Imagine you're moving to live inawoods in a cabin that has no TV or Internet, but it will have a simple solar powered computer. You are a fan of football and like to watch the matches, so you want to write yourself a program that will simulate a game of football for you to watch. Of course it doesn't have to compete with FIFA games, it can be pretty simplified, but it must have some kind of true 2D graphics (not just ASCII art), done for example with SDL, SFML, Allegro, Xlib or anything similar. It doesn't have to be super realistic, players can be drawn even just as circles (thumbs up for some kind of stick figures), but you must implement the basic rules, including offside, players must have different attributes (name, speed, accuracy etc.), they must be able to foul etc. There must also be referees who may sometimes make a bad judgement. Of course the program must show the score, time etc., as well as some basic statistics (number of shots on the goal etc.). The program must allow some flexibility and settings, for example letting 5 very skilled players play against 10 noob players etc. -- this may be implemented with command line flags so that you don't have to implement a graphical menu. If you really hate football you may choose to implement a similar game, for example ice hockey or american football, but it really has to be comparable to this exercise, don't make it easier for yourself.
+16. **language recognizer**: Make a program that will be able to learn and then recognize language of text it is given (in theory it should work for any kind of language, be it human or computer language). Specifically the program will first get *N* files, each one representing a different language (e.g. 5 books in different human languages), then it will take some other text and say to which of the initial *N* files it is linguistically most similar. For simplicity assume only plain ASCII files on input (you can just use some Unicode to ASCII utility on all input files). Use some simple [machine learning](machine_learning.md) technique such as some variant of k-NN. It will suffice if for each training example you construct a vector of some nice features, for example {average word length, vowel/consonant ratio, relative frequency of letter A, relative frequency of letter E, ...}, give each component some weight and then just find the nearest neighbour to the tested sample in this feature space (if you want to be more fancy, split the input files into parts so you get more training samples, then try k-NN with some convenient k). You shouldn't and CANNOT use neural networks, and of course you CANNOT use any machine learning library ;) You don't have to achieve great accuracy but your program should likely be able to quite reliably tell e.g. German from C++.
 
 ### Level 3: Hard, *Ultra Violence*
 

furry.md

@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@
 
 Furriness is a serious mental [disorder](disease.md) (kittynunu will forgive :D) and fetish that makes people become stuck in the infantile stage of development and become extremely creepily obsessed and/or identify with anthropomorphic animals (usually those with fur) far beyond any line of acceptability as a healthy personality trait, they often identify e.g. as [cats](cat.md), foxes or even completely made up species. To a big degree it's a sexual identity but those people just tryhard to pretend (and possibly even internalize the belief) they're animals in any real life situation; not only do they have furry conventions, you just see furry avatars all over the internet, on issue trackers on programming websites and forums. Recently it went so far that [zoomer](zoomer.md) kids started to literally meow during classes at school because they identify as cats (this caused some colossal drama somewhere in the UK or something). You cannot NOT meet a furry on the [Internet](internet.md). They usually argue it's "cute" and try to make no big deal of it, however that's a mask that conceals something horribly rotten and fucked up. There is something more to furrydom, it's essentially a cult that has taken an idea too far, kind of like [anorexia](anorexia.md) crosses the line with losing weight -- cuteness is fine, however furries are not really cute, they are CREEPY, they push fandom far beyond healthy passion, you see the psychopathic stares in their faces, they take child cartoon characters and fantasize about them being [transsexual](transsexual.md) and gore raping them and having children with them, some even attempt [suicides](suicide.md) if you insult their favorite characters etc. Of course, most of them are very young and simply victims of the [fucked up age](21st_century.md) they were born to, it's no wonder they turned out like this when they're being brainwashed through media and "education system", it's not their fault, but it's all the more sad.
 
-Also the furry community -- to call it [toxic](toxic.md) would be an understatement. Firstly as any big internet-centered group it's through and through infested with [wokeness](woke.md), [LGBT](lgbt.md)+[feminazism](feminism.md), which combined with the cultist behavior practically makes them militantly defend their ideology and cyber pushing to suicide anyone who dares to, for example, question the gender of some unimportant child cartoon character (or even if you for example oppose the idea the character has to have some non-binary gender). A favorite hobby of furries is to destroy software project by pushing ugly woke furry mascots, threatening by suicide if the project doesn't accept them. Furries also seem to have a strong love of [copyright](copyright.md) so as to "protect" their shitty amateur art no one would want to copy anyway. Many create their own "fursonas" or "species" and then prohibit others from using them, they are so emotionally invested in this they may literally try to murder you if you do something to the drawing of their character. Stay away.
+Also the furry community -- no article on furries can be complete without mentioning it. To call them [toxic](toxic.md) would be an understatement. Firstly as any big internet-centered group it's through and through infested with [wokeness](woke.md), [LGBT](lgbt.md)+[feminazism](feminism.md), which combined with the cultist behavior and mental illnesses practically makes them militantly defend their ideology and cyber pushing to [suicide](suicide.md) anyone who dares to, for example, question the gender of some insignificant child cartoon character (or even if you for example oppose the idea the character has to have some non-binary gender). A favorite pastime of furries is ruining software project by pushing in ugly woke furry mascots, threatening by suicide, drama and [cancellation](cancel_culture.md) should they be rejected. Furries also seem to have a strong love of [copyright](copyright.md) so as to "protect" their shitty amateur art no one would want to copy anyway. Many create their own "fursonas" or "species" and then prohibit others from using them, they are so emotionally invested in this they may literally try to murder you if you do something to the drawing of their character. Stay away.
 
-Furry [porn](porn.md) is called **[yiff](yiff.md)**.
+Furry [porn](porn.md) is called **[yiff](yiff.md)**. Yes, you guessed it, it is disgusting.
 
 In the [1990s](90s.md) we were wondering whether by 2020 we'd already have cured cancer, solved world hunger, if we'd have cloned the mammoth, whether we'd have cities on Mars and flying cars. Well no, but you can sexually identify as a fox now.
 

interesting.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ What follows is a "constantly [work in progress](wip.md)" list of subjectively s
 - **Obscure [Internet](internet.md) communities**: for example various [wikis](wiki.md) or [image boards](image_board.md), also [darknet](darknet.md), [gopher](gopher.md), internet archives, websites in foreign languages and so on. See also [netstalking](netstalking.md).
 - **Zanclean flood**: gigantic flood that refilled the Mediterranean sea some 5 million years ago, which must have been a greatly spectacular event. Other similar mega floods are also discussed, e.g. that of the Black sea. Some of them are (often controversially) thought to be the origin of the shared great flood myth that's present in almost all old religions and cultures. A bit related interesting topic is the 20th century Atlantropa mega project that planned to partially dry the Mediterranean to gain more space for Europe.
 - **[Ball lightning](ball_lightning.md)**: a real weird phenomenon whose existence is not controversial (it is acknowledged to exist) but which still remains without exact [scientific](science.md) explanation. You can find videos of it, descriptions of eye witnesses are also quite fun to read.
-- **Statistics, world records, [numbers](number.md), [data](data.md) and their visualization**: there's something wonderful about numbers, and not just to the autistic among us, the success of Guinness World Record book proves that figures are just cool. And computers further take this to another level, opening the door for quick pattern searches, adventurous exploration of correlations, deriving more and more numbers and especially making spectacular eye-candy visualizations, it's just so pleasant to plot and draw pixels, shapes and [colors](color.md) and glimpse into the abstract worlds the data hide, and sometimes we're even rewarded with very visually pleasant results.
+- **Statistics, world records, [numbers](number.md), infographics, [data](data.md) and their visualization**: there's something wonderful about numbers, and not just to the autistic among us, the success of Guinness World Record book proves that figures are just cool. And computers further take this to another level, opening the door for quick pattern searches, adventurous exploration of correlations, deriving more and more numbers and especially making spectacular eye-candy visualizations, it's just so pleasant to plot and draw pixels, shapes and [colors](color.md) and glimpse into the abstract worlds the data hide, and sometimes we're even rewarded with very visually pleasant results.
 - **Extinct animals**: obviously everyone loves dinosaurs (BTW look up well preserved fossils of dinosaurs, some are in excellent state, we also now know for fact the skin color of some dinosaurs, ALSO there exist MILLIONS years old animals perfectly preserved in amber), but there are many underrated extincts animals, e.g. gigantopithecus, the biggest ape known to have ever existed (estimated weight up to 300 kg), which we however know almost nothing about (only teeth were found). More recently extinct species such as mammoth, dodo (recorded in paintings, there exist some remains of dodos), moa bird (extremely large bird), saber-toothed cats, giant sloth, short-faced bear (probably the biggest bear ever) or Tasmanian tiger (which there still exists a black and white video footage of) are interesting exactly because they are closer on the timeline, people may have seen them and even depicted them somehow (e.g. cave paintings), we have may find much better preserved, mummified bodies of them (often in ice) and also have a bigger chance of cloning them one day or even discover them still living somewhere (has happened to several species already).
 - **[UFO](ufo.md)s and aliens**: ufology is pretty fun when when you dig through the real retarded cases and ignore soyence fanatics that will stop being friends with you. Remember, you may enjoy digging into weird, suspicious cases without starting to wear tinfoil or seeing little green men behind anything; even if a UFO turns out to be a new, secret military tech or newly discovered atmospheric phenomenon and not aliens, it's still pretty damn interesting. Some cases are pretty solid, e.g. Hangzhou Xiaoshan (China) 2010 sighting of extremely weird tear in the sky which was scanning the whole city with some kind of obviously artificial light screen for a very long time, which was seen by thousands and captured on camera and video by many (e.g. https://yt.artemislena.eu/watch?v=__9s5chdV7c) and even caused an airport to shut down -- the real nature of the thing was never explained and wasn't even much talked about (there also seems to be another simple-to-debunk cover up UFO sighting under the same keywords). The Travis Walton abduction case is also quite interesting, supported by a lot of evidence and has stood for a very long time. There are also many pretty good footages of weird UFOs, especially interesting are those captured by multiple people from different angles, which are extremely hard to fake.
 - **Known but unexcavated archaeological sites**: e.g. the Qin tomb, a pyramid in China that's a resting place of a great emperor is buried underground -- historical records say the pyramid contains an unbelievable wealth, a great palace and models of cities, seas, waterways of quicksilver and traps protecting against intruders; this is believable as it is also the place where the astonishing terracota army was already excavated. However it is quite likely the pyramid won't be opened during our lifetime, we probably won't ever see it with our eyes. Also the well known pyramids and sphinx of Giza are still very mysterious -- e.g. there are holes in the great Sphinx you can clearly but about which no one ever talks -- you can see they lead somewhere inside but you never see the actual inside, they let no one in and photos are nowhere to be found. Historical places of yet unknown locations, like the hanging gardens of Babylon, are also pretty interesting.

interpolation.md

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ The base case of interpolation takes place in one dimension (imagine e.g. interp
 float interpolate(float a, float b, float t);
 ```
 
-Many times we apply our interpolation not just to two points but to many points, by segments, i.e. we apply the interpolation between each two neighboring points (a segment) in a series of many points to create a longer curve through all the points. Here we are usually interested in how the segments transition into each other, i.e. what the whole curve looks like at the exact locations of the points.
+Many times we apply our interpolation not just to two points but to many points, by segments, i.e. we apply the interpolation between each two adjacent points (a segment) in a series of many points to create a longer curve through all the points. Here we are usually interested in how the segments transition into each other, i.e. what the whole curve looks like at the exact locations of the points.
 
 **[Nearest neighbor](nearest_neighbor.md)** is probably the simplest interpolation (so simple that it's sometimes not even called an interpolation, even though it technically is). This method simply returns the closest value, i.e. either *A* (for *t* < 0.5) or *B* (otherwise). This creates kind of sharp steps between the points, the function is not continuous, i.e. the transition between the points is not gradual but simply jumps from one value to the other at one point.
 

lrs_dictionary.md

@@ -4,122 +4,126 @@
 
 { Also sorry some are cringe, I just put everything here, pick what you like. ~drummyfish }
 
-| mainstream                                 | correct/cooler                                              |
-| ------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------- |
-| Amazon                                     | Scamazon                                                    |
-| Amazon Kindle                              | Amazon Swindle                                              |
-| American                                   | Americunt, Amerifag, Yankee, Ameridiot, American't          |
-| American football                          | handegg                                                     |
-| [anime](anime.md)                          | tranime                                                     |
-| [Apple](apple.md) user                     | iToddler, iDiot                                             |
-| [Asperger](autism.md)                      | assburger                                                   |
-| [assertiveness](assertiveness.md)          | assholism                                                   |
-| average citizen                            | normie, normalfag, bloatoddler, NPC, ...                    |
-| [Bill Gates](bill_gates.md)                | Bill Gayte$                                                 |
-| [Blender](blender.md)                      | Blunder                                                     |
-| Brave browser                              | Slave browser                                               |
-| [censorship](censorship.md)                | censorshit                                                  |
-| [CEO](ceo.md)                              | capitalist evil oppressor                                   |
-| [cloud](cloud.md) computing                | clown computing                                             |
-| [cloudflare](cloudfalre.md)                | cuckflare, clownflare, crimeflare                           |
-| code of conduct ([COC](coc.md))            | code of coercion, code of censorship, COCK                  |
-| [comun](comun.md)                          | coomun { One friend suggested this :D ~drummyfish }         |
-| consume                                    | consoom (see also [coom](coom.md))                          |
-| content creator                            | digital clown                                               |
-| content delivery network                   | [censorship](censorship.md) delivery network                |
-| [copyright](copyright.md)                  | copywrong, copyrestriction, copyrape                        |
-| [CSS](css.md)                              | cascading stylish [shit](shit.md)                           |
-| [C++](cpp.md)                              | crippled C, C--, C卐卐                                      |
-| [DIY](diy.md)                              | don't injure yourself                                       |
-| [Debian](debian.md)                        | Lesbian                                                     |
-| [democracy](democracy.md)                  | demoncracy, democrazy                                       |
-| demonetization                             | demonization, demonification                                |
-| digital garden                             | digital swamp                                               |
-| digital rights management ([DRM](drm.md))  | digital restrictions management                             |
-| Discord                                    | Discunt                                                     |
-| [docker](docker.md)                        | cocker? bloater?                                            |
-| [economy](economy.md)                      | money religion                                              |
-| [encryption](encryption.md)                | bloatcryption                                               |
-| [entrepreneur](entrepreneur.md)            | murderer                                                    |
-| [Facebook](facebook.md) user               | zucker, used                                                |
-| fair trade                                 | fair rape                                                   |
-| [feminism](feminism.md)                    | feminazism, femifascism                                     |
-| [Firefox](firefox.md)                      | Furryfox                                                    |
-| [floating point](float.md)                 | bloating point                                              |
-| [gaming](game.md)                          | gayming                                                     |
-| [geek](geek.md)                            | retard                                                      |
-| [global warming](global_warming.md)        | global heating                                              |
-| [Google](google.md)                        | Goolag, Jewgle                                              |
-| Gmail                                      | Gfail                                                       |
-| [GNU](gnu.md)                              | GNUts, GNU's not usable, Gigantic and Nasty but Unavoidable |
-| [Hyperbola](hyperbola.md)                  | Hyperbloat                                                  |
-| Immanuel Kant                              | Immanuel Cunt, Immanuel Can't (sorry, just too obvious :D)  |
-| influencer                                 | manipulator                                                 |
-| [Intel](intel.md)                          | [Incel](incel.md)                                           |
-| [Internet Explorer](internet_explorer.md)  | Internet Exploder, Internet Exploiter                       |
-| [Internet of things](iot.md)               | Internet of stinks/stings                                   |
-| [iPad](ipda.md)                            | iBad                                                        |
-| [iPhone](iphone.md)                        | spyPhone                                                    |
-| [JavaScript](js.md)                        | HitlerScript, JavaShit                                      |
-| job/work                                   | slavery                                                     |
-| "left"                                     | [pseudoleft](pseudoleft.md), SJW                            |
-| [LGBT](lgbt.md)                            | FGTS, TTTT                                                  |
-| [liberal](liberal.md)                      | libtard                                                     |
-| "[Linux](linux.md)"                        | [GNU](gnu.md), lunix, loonix                                |
-| [logic gate](logic_gate.md)                | logic gayte                                                 |
-| Macintosh                                  | Macintoy, Macintrash, Maggotbox                             |
-| [Microsoft](microsoft.md)                  | Microshit                                                   |
-| [microtransaction](microtransaction.md)    | microtheft                                                  |
-| [Minecraft](minecraft.md)                  | Minecrap                                                    |
-| [moderation](moderation.md)                | [censorship](censorship.md)                                 |
-| [modern](modern.md)                        | malicious, shitty                                           |
-| [.NET](dot_net.md)                         | .NEET                                                       |
-| [Netflix](netflix.md)                      | Wokeflix                                                    |
-| [network](network.md)                      | notwork                                                     |
-| neurodivergent                             | retarded, neuroretarded, neurorainbow                       |
-| neurotypical                               | typical retard                                              |
-| [NFS](nfs.md)                              | nightmare file system                                       |
-| [Nintendo](nintendo.md)                    | Nintendont                                                  |
-| NPOV                                       | normie/NPC point of view                                    |
-| [NSA](nsa.md)                              | national spying agency                                      |
-| null hypothesis significance test          | null ritual                                                 |
-| [NVidia](nvidia.md)                        | NoVidya                                                     |
-| object oriented programming ([OOP](oop.md))| object obsessed programming, POO                            |
-| object oriented                            | objectfuscated                                              |
-| [objective C](objective_c.md)              | objectionable C                                             |
-| [openbsd](openbsd.md)                      | openbased                                                   |
-| peer-reviewed                              | peer-censored                                               |
-| "person"                                   | man, p-word                                                 |
-| Photoshopped                               | [GIMP](gimp.md)ed                                           |
-| [playstation](playstation.md)              | gaystation                                                  |
-| plug and play                              | plug and pray                                               |
-| political correctness                      | political cowardice                                         |
-| proprietary service                        | disservice                                                  |
-| pseudo 3D                                  | [primitive 3D](primitive_3d.md)                             |
-| school                                     | indoctrination center                                       |
-| "science"                                  | [soyence](soyence.md)                                       |
-| soccer                                     | [football](football.md)                                     |
-| software as a service ([SAAS](saas.md))    | service as a software substitute (SAASS)                    |
-| [Steve Jobs](steve_jobs.md)                | Steve Jewbs                                                 |
-| subscription                               | [microrape](microrape.md)                                   |
-| [suckless](suckless.md)                    | suckass                                                     |
-| [systemd](systemd.md)                      | shitstemd, soystemd                                         |
-| [TikTok](tiktok.md)                        | ShitTok                                                     |
-| [Twitter](twitter.md)                      | titter, twatter                                             |
-| United States of America                   | United Shitholes of America, burgerland, U.S.[gay](gay.md)  |
-| user (of a proprietary system)             | used, lusr                                                  |
-| using [JavaScript](js.md)                  | JavaScrippled                                               |
-| voice assistant                            | personal spy agent                                          |
-| [wayland](wayland.md)                      | whyland                                                     |
-| [webassembly](webassembly.md)              | weebassembly                                                |
-| website                                    | webshite                                                    |
-| [Wikipedia](wikipedia.md)                  | Wokepedia                                                   |
-| Wikipedian                                 | wikipedo                                                    |
-| [Windows](windows.md)                      | Winshit, Windoze, Winbloat, Backdoors? :D                   |
-| [woman](woman.md)                          | femoid                                                      |
-| [work](work.md)                            | slavery                                                     |
-| [world wide web](www.md)                   | world wide wait                                             |
-| [YouTube](youtube.md)                      | JewTube                                                     |
+| mainstream                                 | correct/cooler                                                                |
+| ------------------------------------------ | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| Amazon                                     | Scamazon                                                                      |
+| Amazon Kindle                              | Amazon Swindle                                                                |
+| American                                   | Americunt, Amerifag, Yankee, Ameridiot, American't                            |
+| American football                          | handegg                                                                       |
+| [anime](anime.md)                          | tranime                                                                       |
+| [Apple](apple.md) user                     | iToddler, iDiot                                                               |
+| [Asperger](autism.md)                      | assburger                                                                     |
+| [assertiveness](assertiveness.md)          | assholism                                                                     |
+| average citizen                            | normie, normalfag, bloatoddler, NPC, ...                                      |
+| [Bill Gates](bill_gates.md)                | Bill Gayte$                                                                   |
+| [Blender](blender.md)                      | Blunder                                                                       |
+| Brave browser                              | Slave browser                                                                 |
+| [censorship](censorship.md)                | censorshit                                                                    |
+| [CEO](ceo.md)                              | capitalist evil oppressor                                                     |
+| [cloud](cloud.md) computing                | clown computing                                                               |
+| [cloudflare](cloudfalre.md)                | cuckflare, clownflare, crimeflare                                             |
+| code of conduct ([COC](coc.md))            | code of coercion, code of censorship, COCK                                    |
+| [comun](comun.md)                          | coomun { One friend suggested this :D ~drummyfish }                           |
+| consume                                    | consoom (see also [coom](coom.md))                                            |
+| content creator                            | digital clown                                                                 |
+| content delivery network                   | [censorship](censorship.md) delivery network                                  |
+| [copyright](copyright.md)                  | copywrong, copyrestriction, copyrape                                          |
+| [CSS](css.md)                              | cascading stylish [shit](shit.md)                                             |
+| [C++](cpp.md)                              | crippled C, C--, C卐卐                                                        |
+| [DIY](diy.md)                              | don't injure yourself                                                         |
+| [Debian](debian.md)                        | Lesbian                                                                       |
+| [democracy](democracy.md)                  | demoncracy, democrazy                                                         |
+| demonetization                             | demonization, demonification                                                  |
+| digital garden                             | digital swamp                                                                 |
+| digital rights management ([DRM](drm.md))  | digital restrictions management                                               |
+| Discord                                    | Discunt                                                                       |
+| [docker](docker.md)                        | cocker? bloater?                                                              |
+| [economy](economy.md)                      | money religion                                                                |
+| [encryption](encryption.md)                | bloatcryption                                                                 |
+| [entrepreneur](entrepreneur.md)            | murderer                                                                      |
+| [Facebook](facebook.md) user               | zucker, used                                                                  |
+| fair trade                                 | fair rape                                                                     |
+| [feminism](feminism.md)                    | feminazism, femifascism                                                       |
+| [Firefox](firefox.md)                      | Furryfox                                                                      |
+| [floating point](float.md)                 | bloating point                                                                |
+| [gaming](game.md)                          | gayming                                                                       |
+| [geek](geek.md)                            | retard                                                                        |
+| [global warming](global_warming.md)        | global heating                                                                |
+| [Google](google.md)                        | Goolag, Jewgle                                                                |
+| Gmail                                      | Gfail                                                                         |
+| [GNU](gnu.md)                              | GNUts, GNU's not usable, Gigantic and Nasty but Unavoidable                   |
+| [Hyperbola](hyperbola.md)                  | Hyperbloat                                                                    |
+| Immanuel Kant                              | Immanuel Cunt, Immanuel Can't (sorry, just too obvious :D)                    |
+| influencer                                 | manipulator                                                                   |
+| [Intel](intel.md)                          | [Incel](incel.md)                                                             |
+| [Internet Explorer](internet_explorer.md)  | Internet Exploder, Internet Exploiter                                         |
+| [Internet of things](iot.md)               | Internet of stinks/stings                                                     |
+| [iPad](ipda.md)                            | iBad                                                                          |
+| [iPhone](iphone.md)                        | spyPhone                                                                      |
+| [JavaScript](js.md)                        | HitlerScript, JavaShit                                                        |
+| job/work                                   | slavery                                                                       |
+| Korea                                      | Samsung Republic                                                              |
+| "left"                                     | [pseudoleft](pseudoleft.md), SJW                                              |
+| [LGBT](lgbt.md)                            | FGTS, TTTT                                                                    |
+| [liberal](liberal.md)                      | libtard                                                                       |
+| "[Linux](linux.md)"                        | [GNU](gnu.md), lunix, loonix                                                  |
+| [logic gate](logic_gate.md)                | logic gayte                                                                   |
+| Macintosh                                  | Macintoy, Macintrash, Maggotbox                                               |
+| [Microsoft](microsoft.md)                  | Microshit                                                                     |
+| [microtransaction](microtransaction.md)    | microtheft                                                                    |
+| [Minecraft](minecraft.md)                  | Minecrap                                                                      |
+| [moderation](moderation.md)                | [censorship](censorship.md)                                                   |
+| [modern](modern.md)                        | malicious, shitty                                                             |
+| [Muslim](muslim.md)                        | Mudslime                                                                      |
+| [.NET](dot_net.md)                         | .NEET                                                                         |
+| [Netflix](netflix.md)                      | Wokeflix                                                                      |
+| [network](network.md)                      | notwork                                                                       |
+| neurodivergent                             | retarded, neuroretarded, neurorainbow                                         |
+| neurotypical                               | typical retard                                                                |
+| [NFS](nfs.md)                              | nightmare file system                                                         |
+| [Nintendo](nintendo.md)                    | Nintendont                                                                    |
+| NPOV                                       | normie/NPC point of view                                                      |
+| [NSA](nsa.md)                              | national spying agency                                                        |
+| null hypothesis significance test          | null ritual                                                                   |
+| [NVidia](nvidia.md)                        | NoVidya                                                                       |
+| object oriented programming ([OOP](oop.md))| object obsessed programming, POO                                              |
+| object oriented                            | objectfuscated                                                                |
+| [objective C](objective_c.md)              | objectionable C                                                               |
+| [openbsd](openbsd.md)                      | openbased                                                                     |
+| peer-reviewed                              | peer-censored                                                                 |
+| "person"                                   | man, p-word                                                                   |
+| Photoshopped                               | [GIMP](gimp.md)ed                                                             |
+| [piracy](piracy.md)                        | grand theft software                                                          |
+| [playstation](playstation.md)              | gaystation                                                                    |
+| plug and play                              | plug and pray                                                                 |
+| political correctness                      | political cowardice                                                           |
+| proprietary service                        | disservice                                                                    |
+| pseudo 3D                                  | [primitive 3D](primitive_3d.md)                                               |
+| school                                     | indoctrination center                                                         |
+| "science"                                  | [soyence](soyence.md)                                                         |
+| soccer                                     | [football](football.md)                                                       |
+| software as a service ([SAAS](saas.md))    | service as a software substitute (SAASS)                                      |
+| [Steve Jobs](steve_jobs.md)                | Steve Jewbs                                                                   |
+| subscription                               | [microrape](microrape.md)                                                     |
+| [suckless](suckless.md)                    | suckass                                                                       |
+| [systemd](systemd.md)                      | shitstemd, soystemd                                                           |
+| [TikTok](tiktok.md)                        | ShitTok                                                                       |
+| [Twitter](twitter.md)                      | titter, twatter                                                               |
+| [Ubuntu](ubuntu.md)                        | Ucuntu                                                                        |
+| United States of America                   | United Shitholes of A., burgerland, U.S.[gay](gay.md), Jewnited States of A.  |
+| user (of a proprietary system)             | used, lusr                                                                    |
+| using [JavaScript](js.md)                  | JavaScrippled                                                                 |
+| voice assistant                            | personal spy agent                                                            |
+| [wayland](wayland.md)                      | whyland                                                                       |
+| [webassembly](webassembly.md)              | weebassembly                                                                  |
+| website                                    | webshite                                                                      |
+| [Wikipedia](wikipedia.md)                  | Wokepedia                                                                     |
+| Wikipedian                                 | wikipedo                                                                      |
+| [Windows](windows.md)                      | Winshit, Windoze, Winbloat, Backdoors? :D                                     |
+| [woman](woman.md)                          | femoid                                                                        |
+| [work](work.md)                            | slavery                                                                       |
+| [world wide web](www.md)                   | world wide wait                                                               |
+| [YouTube](youtube.md)                      | JewTube                                                                       |
 
 Words you should use often include: abomination, crazy, cretin, [faggot](faggot.md), fat, femoid, idiot, imbecile, insane, landwhale, moron, [nigger](nigger.md), [retard](retard.md), subhuman, ugly.
 

morality.md

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # Morality
 
-Morality is the sense of greater values of an individual and society from which it follows what's ultimately right, wrong, [good](good.md) and [bad](bad.md)/[evil](evil.md) on a greater level, for a "greater good", without succumbing to low instincts such as [self interest](self_interest.md), self preservation, immediate pleasure etc. Morality is what distinguishes (some) men from animals and allows us to act not on mere instincts and pressure of immediate stimuli, it is driven by higher forces such as beliefs, [logic](logic.md), [empathy](empathy.md), [love](love.md), conscience, [religion](religion.md) and [science](science.md). Examples of moral (good) behavior include [altruism](altruism.md), [selflessness](selflessness.md), [communism](communism.md) in general sense, [less retarded society](less_retarded_society.md) and [non violence](non_violence.md), while examples of IMMORALITY (evil) might be [capitalism](capitalism.md), [fascism](fascism.md), [rape](rape.md), [pedophobia](pedophobia.md), [genocide](genocide.md), [marketing](marketing.md), [proprietary software](proprietary.md), [nationalism](nationalism.md) and [LGBT](lgbt.md).
+Morality is the sense of higher values of an individual and society from which it follows what's ultimately right, wrong, [good](good.md) and [bad](bad.md)/[evil](evil.md) on a greater level, for a "greater good", without succumbing to low instincts such as [self interest](self_interest.md), self preservation, immediate pleasure etc. Morality is what distinguishes (some) men from animals and allows us to act not on mere instincts and pressure of immediate stimuli, it is driven by higher forces such as beliefs, [logic](logic.md), [empathy](empathy.md), [love](love.md), conscience, [religion](religion.md) and [science](science.md). Examples of moral (good) behavior include [altruism](altruism.md), [selflessness](selflessness.md), [communism](communism.md) in general sense, [less retarded society](less_retarded_society.md) and [non violence](non_violence.md), while examples of IMMORALITY (evil) might be [capitalism](capitalism.md), [fascism](fascism.md), [rape](rape.md), [pedophobia](pedophobia.md), [genocide](genocide.md), [marketing](marketing.md), [proprietary software](proprietary.md), [nationalism](nationalism.md) and [LGBT](lgbt.md).
 
-Morality is very similar to **[ethics](ethics.md)**, to the point of often being used interchangeably, however we may still find slight differences. While morality is seen as something personal and intuitive, greatly driven by conscience and judged on a case-by-case basis, ethics is perceived more as a set of informal, often unwritten shared rules to assure morality in a larger group of individuals, i.e. ethics is an agreement on a way of behavior between individuals, each of which may have slightly different personal morals. Ethics is also sometimes defined as the branch of [philosophy](philosophy.md) concerned with examining morality.
+At times morality gets close to **[ethics](ethics.md)**, to the point of the two terms often being [confused](often_confused.md) and used interchangeably, however we may still find slight differences. Whereas morality is seen as something personal and intuitive, predominantly driven by conscience and judged on a case-by-case basis, ethics is perceived more as a set of informal, often unwritten shared rules to assure morality in a larger group of individuals, i.e. ethics is an agreement on a way of behavior between individuals, each of which may have slightly different personal morals. Ethics is also sometimes defined as the branch of [philosophy](philosophy.md) concerned with examining morality.
 
 Let's also stress that **morality is much different from legality.** It is said that, ideally, laws should be the minimum (a proper [subset](subset.md)) of morality, i.e. laws should be the officially codified, approved and enforced rules that ensure the very basic moral behavior is sustained, such as people not murdering others, however laws CANNOT with the best of our effort ever capture the infinitely complex nature of morals (no one can ever write down EXACTLY what is and isn't moral in every single imaginable situation that can arise in real world), so it is seen as inevitable that laws will always allow some slightly immoral actions (imagine e.g. someone giving a bad advice to someone else on purpose just to see the other one fail -- this may be legal but is likely immoral). This is accepted because the other option, i.e. law trying to prevent ALL immoral behavior, would be too restrictive and would also inevitably prevent a huge amount of moral, useful and essential behavior; imagine e.g. law trying to prevent giving bad advice by banning all communication altogether. However, this ideal of "laws as a minimum of morals" doesn't hold in practice because law is hugely abused and manipulated to serve the evil, so not only does it allow immoral behavior (which would be kind of OK), it BANS moral behavior (which is unacceptable from the idealist point of view), for example it is prohibited to share useful information ("[intellectual property](intellectual_property.md)"), repairing ([DRM](drm.md)), living in an abandoned house one doesn't "officially own" etc. Furthermore laws themselves in principle have a negative effect on morality because **people unfortunately start replacing morality with legality**; as laws get more complex and in control of our everyday lives, people only start deciding and judging actions based on a question of "is it legal?" rather than "is it moral?" -- indeed, if nowadays you accuse someone of doing something wrong, he will almost definitely reply something along the lines of "I can legally do that so shut up." (perhaps just with varying degrees of politeness). Indeed, whenever a new issue appears [nowadays](21st_century.md), people hardly even think about solving it in any other way than by making laws to solve the issue -- as an example shortly after a few fatal incident occurred some time in early 2010s due to the new trend of "planking" (people making photos of themselves lying face down in weird places), people immediately started to call for LEGAL bans of planking, not even thinking of what consequences this would have -- literally making it illegal to lie face down on the ground. Laws destroy morality, hence laws have to be canceled (see [anarchism](anarchism.md)) and we have to focus only on developing our sense of morality better.
 

often_confused.md

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ There exist many terms that are highly similar and can legitimately be used inte
 - **[booting](boot.md)** vs **turning on**
 - **[brainwashing](brainwashing.md)** vs **[education](education.md)** vs **[indoctrination](indoctrination.md)**
 - **[branchless](branchless.md) programming** vs **ifless programming**
+- **brightness** vs **intensity** vs **value** vs **lightness** vs **luma** vs **luminance** vs **radiance** and all this kind of crazy stuff :D
 - **[brute force](brute_force.md)** vs **[heuristic search](heuristic_search.md)**
 - **[buffer](buffer.md)** vs **[cache](cache.md)** vs **[cash](money.md)**
 - **[bug](bug.md)** vs **[glitch](glitch.md)** vs **[error](error.md)** vs **[exception](exception.md)** vs **[fault](fault.md)** vs **[failure](fail.md)** vs **[defect](defect.md)**
@@ -47,12 +48,13 @@ There exist many terms that are highly similar and can legitimately be used inte
 - **[character](char.md)** vs **letter** vs **glyph** vs **[phoneme](phoneme.md)** vs **phone** vs **symbol**
 - **[cheater](cheating.md)** vs **[cracker](cracking.md)** vs **[hacker](hacking.md)** vs **[programmer](programmer.md)**
 - **[checksum](checksum.md)** vs **[hash](hash.md)** vs **[ID](id.md)** vs **[index](index.md)** vs **[token](token.md)** vs **[handle](handle.md)** vs **[identifier](identifier.md)**
+- **chroma** vs **saturation** vs **colorfullness**
 - **[CLI](cli.md)** vs **[TUI](tui.md)** vs **[terminal](terminal_emulator.md)** vs **[console](console.md)** vs **[shell](shell.md)** vs **[TTY](tty.md)**
 - **[clipping](clipping.md)** vs **[culling](culling.md)** vs **[pruning](pruning.md)**
 - **[closed source](closed_source.md)** vs **[proprietary](proprietary.md)**
 - **[cloud](cloud.md)** vs **[server](server.md)**
 - **[college](college.md)** vs **[university](university.md)**
-- **[color model](color_model.md)** vs **[color space](color_space.md)** vs **[palette](palette.md)**
+- **[color model](color_model.md)** vs **[color space](color_space.md)** vs **[palette](palette.md)** vs **[gamut](gamut.md)**
 - **[computation](computation.md)** vs **[computing](computing.md)**
 - **[communism](communism.md)** vs **[Marxism](marxism.md)** vs **[socialism](socialism.md)**
 - **[complex](complexity.md)** vs **[complicated](complicated.md)**

reactionary_software.md

@@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ Reactionary software (reactionary meaning *opposing the [modern](modern.md), fav
 
 **The most prominent difference against [suckless](suckless.md)/[LRS](lrs.md) is that reactionary software focuses on simplicity from the user's point of view** (as stated on their forums). Of course this is not in conflict with our views, we want the same, however if we stop at external simplicity, we're falling victim to the trap of [pseudominimalim](pseudominimalism.md) -- we, the LRS, therefore additionally see the simplicity of internals as an equally important of a goal.
 
-The founder of reactionary software is fschmidt and he still seems to be the one who mostly defines it (just like [drummyfish](drummyfish.md) is at the moment basically solo controlling [LRS](lrs.md)), though there is a small forum of followers. The philosophy can potentially be extended beyond just software, to other fields of endeavor and potentially whole society -- the discussion of reactionary software revolves around wide context, e.g. things like philosophy, religion and [collapse](collapse.md) of society (fschmidt made a post where he applies Old Testament ideas to programming). This is pretty good, focus on the [big picture](big_picture.md) is something we greatly embrace too.
+The founder of reactionary software is fschmidt, without a question a very intelligent guy, and he still seems to be the one who mostly sets its direction (just like [drummyfish](drummyfish.md) is at the moment basically solo controlling [LRS](lrs.md)), though there is a small forum of followers. The philosophy can potentially be extended beyond just software, to other fields of endeavor and potentially whole society -- the discussion of reactionary software revolves around wide context, e.g. things like philosophy, religion and [collapse](collapse.md) of society (fschmidt made a post where he applies Old Testament ideas to programming). This is pretty good, focus on the [big picture](big_picture.md) is something we greatly embrace too.
 
 Fschmidt seems to be a lot into [religion](religion.md) and maintains a few related side projects with wider scope, e.g. [Arkians](arkians.md) which deals with society and [eugenics](eugenics.md). It seems to be trying to establish a community of "chosen people" (those who pass certain tests) who selective breed to renew "good genes" in society. { PLEASE DON'T JUMP TO CONCLUSIONS, I just quickly skimmed through it -- people will probably freak out and start calling the guy a [Nazi](nazi.md) -- please don't, read his site first. I can't really say more about it as I didn't research it well, but he doesn't seem to be proposing violent solutions. Peace. ~drummyfish }
 
-**What does [LRS](lrs.md) conclude about reactionary software?** To sum up: the vibes are [good](good.md), it basically seems like "suckless-lite" -- we agree with what they identify as causes of decline of modern technology, we like that they discuss wide context and the big picture and our solutions are often aligned, in the same direction -- theirs are just not as radical, or maybe we just disagree on minor points. We may e.g. disagree on specific cases of software, for example they approve of old [Python](python.md), [Java](java.md) and lightweight [JavaScript](js.md) used on the [web](www.md) -- we see such software as unacceptable, it's too complex, unnecessary and from ground up designed badly. { As clarified on the forums, reactionary software focuses on the simplicity from user's perspective, not necessarily the simplicity of internals. ~drummyfish } Nevertheless we definitely see it as good this philosophy exists, it fills a certain niche, it's a place for people who aren't necessarily hardcore hackers but still see the value of minimalism, which of course shows they're one of the more intelligent out there. Reactionary software contributes to improving technology at the very least by spreading awareness and taking actual stance, they may help provide alternatives to tech refugees who suffer from modern tech but suckless or LRS is too difficult for them to jump right into. The fact that more and more smaller communities with ideas similar to LRS come to life indicates the ideas themselves are alive and start to flourish, in a decentralized way -- this is good.
+**What does [LRS](lrs.md) conclude about reactionary software?** To sum up: the vibes are [good](good.md), it basically seems like "suckless-lite" -- we agree with what they identify as causes of decline of modern technology, we like that they discuss wide context and the big picture and our solutions are often aligned, in the same direction -- theirs are just not as radical, or maybe we just disagree on minor points. We may e.g. disagree on specific cases of software, for example they approve of old [Python](python.md), [Java](java.md) and lightweight [JavaScript](js.md) used on the [web](www.md) -- we see such software as unacceptable, it's too complex, unnecessary and from ground up designed badly. { As clarified on the forums, reactionary software focuses on the simplicity from user's perspective, not necessarily the simplicity of internals. ~drummyfish } Nevertheless we definitely see it as good this philosophy exists, it fills a certain niche, it's a place for people who aren't necessarily hardcore hackers but still see the value of minimalism, which of course shows they're one of the more intelligent out there. Reactionary software contributes to improving technology at the very least by spreading awareness and taking actual stance, they may help provide alternatives to tech refugees who suffer from modern tech but suckless or LRS is too difficult for them to jump right into. The fact that more and more smaller communities with "LRS vibes" come to life indicates the ideas themselves are alive and start to flourish, in a decentralized way -- this is good.
 
 Examples of reactionary software include (examples from the site itself):
 

rgb332.md

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ One disadvantage of plain 332 palette lies in the linearity of each component, i
 
 It's also possible to [swap](permutation.md) the order of component to get palettes such as BGR223, GBR 323 etc.
 
+Another variant of this format could be an 8bit color value under a different color model than RGB, for example [HSV](hsv.md) or [HSL](hsl.md), which could eliminate some of the shortcomings in color distribution (described above), and would add the advantage of easy manipulation of brightness etc., but it would also somehow have to address the issue of multiple representations of colors such as black.
+
 The RGB values of the 332 palette are following:
 
 ```

rgb565.md

@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ RGB565 is [color](color.md) format, or a way of representing color with just 2 [
 
 Yet another similar format to this one is [RGB555](rgb555.md) which sacrifices one useful bit for gaining the nice property of having the same size of each component. The one "wasted" bit may also be utilized, e.g. for marking transparency. Variants of RGB565 can also be obtained by [swapping](permutation.md) the order of components, e.g. BGR565 etc.
 
+It would also be possible (but more complex) to use a different color model than [RGB](rgb.md), for example [HSV](hsv.md) or [HSL](hsl.md). In this case 6 bits should probably be allocated for the value (lightness) component, as human sight is more sensitive to this color component. However this would somehow have to address the issue of some colors (such as black) having multiple possible representations.
+
 Here is a [C](c.md) code for the basic conversions to/from RGB565:
 
 ```
@@ -28,5 +30,4 @@ void rgbFrom565(unsigned int colorIndex, unsigned char *red,
 }
 ```
 
-There exist nice tricks you can do with colors represented this way, like quickly divide all three R, G and B components by a power of two just by doing one bit shift and logical [AND](and.md) to zero the highest bits of the components, or approximating addition of colors with logical [OR](or.md) and so on -- for details see the article on [RGB332](rgb332.md).
-
+There exist nice tricks you can do with colors represented this way, like quickly divide all three R, G and B components by a power of two just by doing one bit shift and logical [AND](and.md) to zero the highest bits of the components, or approximating addition of colors with logical [OR](or.md) and so on -- for details see the article on [RGB332](rgb332.md).

sorting.md

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ for j from 0 to N - 2 (inclusive)
       swap array[i] and array[i + 1]
 ```
 
-How does this work? Firstly notice there are two loops. The outer loop, with counter variable *j*, runs *N - 1* times -- in each iteration of this loop we will ensure one value gets to its correct place; specifically the values will be getting to their correct places from the top -- highest values will be sorted first (you can also implement the algorithm the other way around too, to sort the lowest values first, try it as an exercise). This makes sense, imagine that we have e.g. a sequence of length *N = 4* -- then the outer loop will run *N - 1 = 3* times (*j* will have values 0, 1 and 2); after fist iteration 1 value will be in its correct place, after 2 iterations 3 values will be in place and after 3 iterations 3 values will be in place which also means the last (forth) value has to be in place too, i.e. the array must be sorted. Now for the inner loop (with variable *i*): this one ensures actually getting the value in its place. Notice it goes from 0 to the top and always compares two neighbors in the array -- if the bottom neighbor is higher than the top neighbor, the loop swaps them, ensuring that the highest value will get to the top (it kind of "bubbles" up, hence the algorithm name). Also notice this loop doesn't always go to the very end of the array! It subtracts the value *j* from its top boundary because there the values that are already in place reside, so we don't need to sort them anymore; the inner loop can end earlier and earlier as the outer loop progresses. The algorithm would still work if we went through the whole array every time (try it), but its [time complexity](time_complexity.md) would suffer, i.e. by noticing the inner loop can get progressively shorter we greatly [optimize](optimization.md) the algorithm. Anyway, how the algorithm actually works is best seen on an example, so let's now try to use the algorithm to sort the following sequence:
+How does this work? Firstly notice there are two loops. The outer loop, with counter variable *j*, runs *N - 1* times -- in each iteration of this loop we will ensure one value gets to its correct place; specifically the values will be getting to their correct places from the top -- highest values will be sorted first (you can also implement the algorithm the other way around too, to sort the lowest values first, try it as an exercise). This makes sense, imagine that we have e.g. a sequence of length *N = 4* -- then the outer loop will run *N - 1 = 3* times (*j* will have values 0, 1 and 2); after fist iteration 1 value will be in its correct place, after 2 iterations 3 values will be in place and after 3 iterations 3 values will be in place which also means the last (forth) value has to be in place too, i.e. the array must be sorted. Now for the inner loop (with variable *i*): this one ensures actually getting the value in its place. Notice it goes from 0 to the top and always compares two adjacent values in the array -- if the bottom neighbor is higher than the top neighbor, the loop swaps them, ensuring that the highest value will get to the top (it kind of "bubbles" up, hence the algorithm name). Also notice this loop doesn't always go to the very end of the array! It subtracts the value *j* from its top boundary because there the values that are already in place reside, so we don't need to sort them anymore; the inner loop can end earlier and earlier as the outer loop progresses. The algorithm would still work if we went through the whole array every time (try it), but its [time complexity](time_complexity.md) would suffer, i.e. by noticing the inner loop can get progressively shorter we greatly [optimize](optimization.md) the algorithm. Anyway, how the algorithm actually works is best seen on an example, so let's now try to use the algorithm to sort the following sequence:
 
 ```
 3 7 8 3 2 

stereotype.md

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ Some stereotypes are:
     - violent, militant, imperialist, constantly invade other countries, everyone has a gun and shoots at everything including their own presidents
     - don't mind violence but are afraid of public nudity, get panic attacks when see a naked child or nipple on TV
     - solve things by brute force rather than by smartness
+    - stupid childish comic magazines are peak of their [culture](culture.md)
     - obsessed with [working](work.md) as much as possible only for the sake of working, and force others to do the same
     - want everything big
     - degenerated, first world problems
@@ -66,9 +67,11 @@ Some stereotypes are:
       - make crappy off brands and cheap copies of western art, steal "intellectual property", manufacture cheap things at large quantities, everything is "made in China"
       - don't value "human [rights](rights_culture.md)", no work safety, elevators and escalators kill everyone
       - obsessed with fireworks and dragons, especially when celebrating their weird animal-named years
-      - no one will help you emergency, if you are dying in the streets people will just walk by and not notice you { This is very well known on gore sites, it's not even a stereotype but basically a fact apparent from watching many videos of accidents, it may be related to the eastern culture of "not minding the others' business". The phenomenon itself is NOT unique to china, it's known to psychology, called *diffusion of responsibility*, however in China it is very strong and even appears in situations without crowds of people. I don't want to describe the graphic videos in detail, but it's basically the case that people will for example keep filming their friend drowning from up close, when he absolutely clearly needs helps, they just will not help. This may be important to know when traveling to China, knowing you can't rely on others helping you in emergency may save your life -- if you need help, call very clearly for help and address someone in specific to help you. ~drummyfish }
+      - ping-pong masters
+      - stereotypical look: wear conical hats, have large front teeth and extremely slanted eyes
       - skin is more yellow compared to other asians
       - top two [colors](color.md) are red and gold
+      - no one will help you emergency, if you are dying in the streets people will just walk by and not notice you { This is very well known on gore sites, it's not even a stereotype but basically a fact apparent from watching many videos of accidents, it may be related to the eastern culture of "not minding the others' business". The phenomenon itself is NOT unique to china, it's known to psychology, called *diffusion of responsibility*, however in China it is very strong and even appears in situations without crowds of people. I don't want to describe the graphic videos in detail, but it's basically the case that people will for example keep filming their friend drowning from up close, when he absolutely clearly needs helps, they just will not help. This may be important to know when traveling to China, knowing you can't rely on others helping you in emergency may save your life -- if you need help, call very clearly for help and address someone in specific to help you. ~drummyfish }
     - **Japanese**:
       - like extremely weird stuff like studying train schedules for [fun](fun.md) or marrying sex dolls instead of human partners
       - salarymen regularly jump out of skyscraper windows due to overworking [depression](depression.md)
@@ -85,19 +88,21 @@ Some stereotypes are:
       - disciplined, hard working, educated people, everything is clean and tidy, zero criminality, people have hobbies such as origami, bug collecting or growing bonsai trees
       - [anime](anime.md) absolutely everywhere
       - all women are sexy cute lolis wearing schoolgirl uniforms and make ideals wives: absolutely faithful and subdued to their husband, diligently maintain household, never complain, never express opinions
-      - may be a samurai, ninja, sumo fighter or yakuza member
+      - may be a samurai, ninja, sumo fighter or yakuza member, women are geishas
+      - whale hunters
       - regularly attacked by Godzilla
       - if not attacked by Godzilla, earthquake is happening
     - **Mongolia**:
       - everyone rides a horse constantly
       - everyone wears a bow
+      - may own a personal hawk to help with hunting
       - kinda the aggressive barbarian nation of Asia
       - mongolian = stupid
     - **North Korea**:
       - these stereotypes are highly secret to foreigners
     - **South Korea**:
       - best pro gamers in the world
-      - wannabe [americans](usa.md), funny chinks trying to look like businessmen
+      - wannabe [americans](usa.md), funny chinks trying to look like wallstreet businessmen
       - always named Kim
   - **Australians**:
     - tough men, living surrounded by extremely dangerous animals such as flying spiders, fight crocodiles every day
@@ -128,11 +133,11 @@ Some stereotypes are:
       - tall anorexic slendermen
       - everyone wears weird wooden shoes
     - **English**:
-      - well behaved, reserved, educated, classy
+      - well behaved, polite, reserved, educated, classy, formal
       - conservative, old fashioned
       - drink tea
       - dry humor
-      - [football](football.md) fans
+      - [football](football.md) fans, additionally also practice incomprehensible sports/games like cricket and bridge
       - dislike French
       - bad cuisine
       - flappy ears
@@ -140,21 +145,25 @@ Some stereotypes are:
     - **French**:
       - good lovers, passionate
       - lazy, Bohemian life, hate [work](work.md)
-      - eat baguettes and frogs (and other disgusting stuff like snails), drink wine
+      - eat baguettes, croissants and frogs (and other disgusting stuff like snails), drink wine exclusively
       - dislike Brits
       - revolutionaries, constantly protest, strikes
       - artists, intellectuals
       - arrogant, annoying snobs, kinda [gay](gay.md), "o la la!"
       - wear long curvy moustache, play accordion
+      - in war always surrender
+      - language sounds funny as hell, but women love it
     - **Germans**:
       - no sense of [humor](fun.md), being kind of robots
-      - precise, efficient, organized, great technology
+      - precise, efficient, organized, great technology, best engineers
+      - their language has very long words and rough sounds with many Rs, Ds etc., so it can't be used to describe things such as pleasant feelings
       - cannibals
       - love beer and sausage, wear the typical colorful folk dress
-      - ugly [women](woman.md): fat, masculine, cold, incapable of love
+      - ugly [women](woman.md): fat, masculine, cold, incapable of love, men are likewise fat and ugly
       - [nazis](nazism.md)
       - post-war very sensitive to anything connected to nazism, for example if someone notices a crossroads somewhere resembles a swastika, nation-wide panic will ensue
       - likewise sensitive to other sensitive topics, typically e.g. violence in video games: all blood in game is censored to green liquid
+      - men are named Hans or Horst, women have horrific names such as GERTRUDE
     - **Hispanics**:
       - telenovelas
       - sexual dances like tango and samba
@@ -166,15 +175,17 @@ Some stereotypes are:
     - **Italian**:
       - handsome men, great lovers
       - very passionate, have heated emotional arguments even over trivial things
-      - involved with mafia
-      - prioritize family, know and regularly meet very distant relatives at family gatherings
-      - have mustaches, eat pizza and pasta
+      - in one way or another always involved with mafia
+      - family above everything, know and regularly meet very distant relatives at family gatherings
+      - have mustaches
+      - love pizza and pasta, men are great cooks
       - talk with hands
       - mamma mia, spaghetti pasta al dente
     - **Polish**:
       - very religious Christians
       - heavy drinkers
-      - ugly depressive environment
+      - malnourished
+      - ugly depressive environment, just blocks of gray concrete and ruins of Soviet buildings everywhere
       - miserable
       - kurwa
     - **Scandinavia**:
@@ -183,7 +194,7 @@ Some stereotypes are:
       - **Finland**:
         - thanks to sauna people don't know shame of nudity -- like in Japan you go to karaoke after work, in Finland you will go to sauna after work with your colleagues and boss, all naked of course
       - **Norwegian**:
-        - vikings, big tall, strong, muscular blonde [gigachads](gigachad.md)
+        - vikings, big tall, strong, aryan, muscular blonde [gigachads](gigachad.md)
         - metal music
         - hunt whales
       - **Swedish**:
@@ -383,6 +394,7 @@ Some stereotypes are:
     - fat, dirty, unkept beard, hippie outfit, drink beer
     - conservative, rightists
     - for chat only use [IRC](irc.md)
+    - favorite video games include pong, pac-man and PDP-5 text adventures
   - **doctors** (of medicine):
     - unreadable handwriting
     - play golf
@@ -392,7 +404,7 @@ Some stereotypes are:
     - pleased by things such as good welds, nice cable management and model trains
   - **gingers**:
     - have no soul
-  - **"hackers**:
+  - **"hackers"**:
     - pale and skeleton skinny
     - very eccentric look
     - laptop covered in stickers
@@ -401,9 +413,9 @@ Some stereotypes are:
     - socially awkward, laughs like he's insane (which he probably is)
     - rebel, "anarchist", political activist
   - **lawyers**:
-    - lowest form of life, cockroaches, parasites and leeches, slick and ruthless bastards with no conscience, only count won cases and [money](money.md)
+    - lowest lifeform known to man, even below cockroaches, parasites and leeches, slick and ruthless bastards with no conscience, only count won cases and [money](money.md)
     - no [morals](morality.md) whatsoever, lie is their daily bread, will defend anyone
-    - always wear suit and briefcase
+    - always wear suit and briefcase, even if it should be stuffed with hay
   - **managers**:
     - manipulative psychopathic subhumans, power hungry, cocksucing greedy materialists with zero empathy or sense of morality, only follow [money](money.md)
     - think that everything can be solved or accelerated by throwing more money at it
@@ -413,6 +425,7 @@ Some stereotypes are:
     - use [buzzwords](buzzword.md), [marketing](marketing.md) speech, technobabble and jargon to appear qualified and cover up their incompetence
     - listen to motivational speeches before sleep, motivational posters cover whole walls of their offices
     - don't actually do anything, are absolutely unnecessary but have highest pay and steal all the credit
+    - fuck secretaries
   - **mathematicians**:
     - unusable in [real life](irl.md)
     - absentminded, have [autism](autism.md), asperger's or other kind of insanity
@@ -449,6 +462,7 @@ Some stereotypes are:
   - **[zoomers](zoomer.md)**:
     - broccoli haircut
     - defined by such garbage as Minecraft and TikTok
+    - can't do anything in real life, such as change a lightbulb or hammer a nail, can only operate smartphone
     - males are 3 meters tall but anorexic and thin like paper, weights 40 kg (this is the beauty ideal of a zoomer girl)
     - has no idea what gender or [species](furry.md) he is, switches genders every few minutes
     - has 20 mental diseases, constant depression and contemplation of [suicide](suicide.md), has self harm scars: paranoid schizo bipolar split personality with social anxiety, [autism](autism.md), "body dysmorphia", agoraphobia, [OCD](ocd.md) and ADHD is the standard base line -- despite breaking world records for simultaneously present crippling mental diseases he is able to function quite normally
@@ -460,6 +474,7 @@ Some stereotypes are:
     - due to having grown up in extremely toxic capitalist dystopia, being forced to consume since birth and never knowing normal childhood and healthy habits, they are prone to developing unhealthy addictions to normal things that others can control without problems but which a zoomer will self destruct with, e.g.: masturbation and porn, energy drinks, consuming Internet, listening to music, playing games etc.
     - in general just most degenerated and doomed generation as of yet (of course, until the next one comes)
     - girls have gigantic asses and tits and wear outfit that highlights it even more
+    - favorite video games include: Minecraft, Minecraft clones, Roblox, Roblox clones, DOTA, LOL, DOTA and LOL clones, Furry Rape Simulator (and its clones)
     
 ## See Also
 

wiki_stats.md

@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 This is an autogenerated article holding stats about this wiki.
 
 - number of articles: 638
-- number of commits: 1010
-- total size of all texts in bytes: 5362966
-- total number of lines of article texts: 38733
+- number of commits: 1011
+- total size of all texts in bytes: 5369555
+- total number of lines of article texts: 38812
 - number of script lines: 324
 - occurrences of the word "person": 10
 - occurrences of the word "nigger": 139
@@ -35,60 +35,90 @@ longest articles:
 
 top 50 5+ letter words:
 
-- which (2920)
+- which (2924)
 - there (2297)
-- people (2197)
-- example (1856)
-- other (1663)
-- about (1501)
-- number (1362)
-- software (1313)
+- people (2200)
+- example (1858)
+- other (1664)
+- about (1500)
+- number (1363)
+- software (1314)
 - because (1228)
 - their (1155)
-- would (1107)
-- something (1107)
-- being (1090)
+- something (1111)
+- would (1108)
+- being (1091)
 - program (1071)
 - language (1014)
 - called (989)
 - things (945)
 - without (909)
-- simple (885)
+- simple (888)
 - function (879)
-- computer (859)
-- numbers (849)
+- computer (860)
+- numbers (850)
 - different (825)
 - these (799)
-- programming (796)
+- programming (797)
 - however (795)
 - world (794)
-- should (769)
+- should (770)
 - system (766)
-- still (755)
+- still (756)
 - doesn (747)
-- games (720)
-- drummyfish (702)
-- while (690)
+- games (721)
+- drummyfish (703)
+- point (694)
+- while (691)
 - society (690)
-- point (690)
-- always (687)
-- possible (683)
-- probably (673)
-- simply (670)
-- using (656)
+- always (689)
+- possible (684)
+- probably (676)
+- simply (672)
+- using (657)
 - course (633)
 - https (628)
 - actually (622)
 - similar (621)
-- someone (611)
-- first (598)
-- though (592)
-- really (582)
+- someone (613)
+- first (599)
+- though (593)
+- really (583)
 - value (577)
 
 latest changes:
 
 ```
+Date:   Tue Apr 22 21:55:26 2025 +0200
+  abstraction.md
+  acronym.md
+  anarch.md
+  approximation.md
+  avpd.md
+  compsci.md
+  computer.md
+  doom.md
+  drummyfish.md
+  duke3d.md
+  e.md
+  earth.md
+  egoism.md
+  encryption.md
+  everyone_does_it.md
+  exercises.md
+  faggot.md
+  how_to.md
+  kiss.md
+  library.md
+  lrs_dictionary.md
+  math.md
+  money.md
+  pi.md
+  random_page.md
+  stereotype.md
+  wiki_pages.md
+  wiki_stats.md
+  wolf3d.md
 Date:   Mon Apr 21 21:24:21 2025 +0200
   algorithm.md
   anorexia.md
@@ -98,36 +128,6 @@ Date:   Mon Apr 21 21:24:21 2025 +0200
   c_tutorial.md
   duskos.md
   encyclopedia.md
-  fractal.md
-  lmao.md
-  main.md
-  nigger.md
-  random_page.md
-  recursion.md
-  reddit.md
-  sudoku.md
-  suicide.md
-  tangram.md
-  wiki_pages.md
-  wiki_stats.md
-Date:   Sat Apr 19 23:59:35 2025 +0200
-  90s.md
-  asmr.md
-  bill_gates.md
-  earth.md
-  feminism.md
-  history.md
-  hitler.md
-  lgbt.md
-  main.md
-  military.md
-  minimalism.md
-  nigger.md
-  number.md
-  pi.md
-  procgen.md
-  programming.md
-  random_page.md
 ```
 
 most wanted pages:
@@ -156,27 +156,27 @@ most wanted pages:
 most popular and lonely pages:
 
 - [lrs](lrs.md) (349) 
-- [capitalism](capitalism.md) (319) 
+- [capitalism](capitalism.md) (320) 
 - [c](c.md) (247) 
-- [bloat](bloat.md) (245) 
+- [bloat](bloat.md) (247) 
 - [free_software](free_software.md) (206) 
-- [game](game.md) (162) 
+- [game](game.md) (163) 
 - [suckless](suckless.md) (152) 
 - [proprietary](proprietary.md) (141) 
-- [modern](modern.md) (131) 
+- [modern](modern.md) (132) 
 - [minimalism](minimalism.md) (129) 
-- [computer](computer.md) (126) 
-- [censorship](censorship.md) (123) 
-- [kiss](kiss.md) (121) 
+- [computer](computer.md) (128) 
+- [censorship](censorship.md) (124) 
+- [kiss](kiss.md) (122) 
 - [programming](programming.md) (117) 
+- [math](math.md) (117) 
 - [shit](shit.md) (116) 
-- [math](math.md) (116) 
 - [fun](fun.md) (115) 
 - [woman](woman.md) (113) 
-- [gnu](gnu.md) (107) 
-- [linux](linux.md) (105) 
+- [gnu](gnu.md) (108) 
+- [linux](linux.md) (106) 
+- [art](art.md) (105) 
 - [history](history.md) (104) 
-- [art](art.md) (104) 
 - [corporation](corporation.md) (103) 
 - [bullshit](bullshit.md) (103) 
 - [fight_culture](fight_culture.md) (100) 

wikidata.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Wikidata
 
-Wikidata is a large collaborative project (a sister project of [Wikipedia](wikipedia.md), hosted by Wikimedia Foundation) for creating a huge noncommercial [public domain](public_domain.md) [database](database.md) containing information basically about everything. Well, not literally everything -- there are some rules about what can be included that are similar to those on [Wikipedia](wikipedia.md), e.g. notability (you can't add yourself unless you're notable enough, of course you can't add illegal data etc.). Wikidata records data in a form of so called [knowledge graph](knowledge_graph.md), i.e. it connects items and their properties with statements such as "Earth:location:inner Solar System", creating a mathematical structure called a [graph](graph.md). The whole database is available to anyone for any purpose without any conditions, under [CC0](cc0.md)!
+Wikidata is a large collaborative [Internet](internet.md) [project](project.md) (a sister project of [Wikipedia](wikipedia.md), hosted by Wikimedia Foundation) for creating a huge noncommercial [public domain](public_domain.md) [database](database.md) containing information basically about everything. Well, not literally everything -- there are some rules about what can be included that are similar to those on [Wikipedia](wikipedia.md), e.g. notability (you can't add yourself unless you're notable enough, of course you can't add illegal data etc.). Wikidata records data in a form of so called [knowledge graph](knowledge_graph.md), i.e. it connects items and their properties with statements such as "Earth:location:inner Solar System", creating a mathematical structure called a [graph](graph.md). The whole database is available to anyone for any purpose without any conditions, under [CC0](cc0.md)!
 
 Wikidata is incredibly useful and a bit unfairly overlooked in the shadow of its giant sibling Wikipedia, even though it offers a way to easily obtain large, absolutely [free](free_culture.md) and public domain data sets about anything. The database can be queried with specialized languages so one can obtain let's say coordinates of all terrorist attacks that happened in certain time period, a list of famous male cats, visualize the tree of biological species, list Jews who run restaurants in Asia or any other crazy thing. Wikidata oftentimes contains extra information that's not present in the Wikipedia article about the item and that's not even quickly found by [googling](google.md), and the information is at times also backed by sources just like on Wikipedia, so it's nice to always check Wikidata when researching anything.
 

woman.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 { Hello, if you're offended scroll down, I actually apologize to some women at the end :D ~drummyfish }
 
-A woman (also girl, gril, gurl, femoid, toilet, karen, wimminz, the weaker sex, the dumber sex or succubus; [tranny](tranny.md) girl being called [t-girl](tgirl.md), troon, [trap](trap.md), [femboy](femboy.md), fake girl or [mtf](mtf.md)) is one of two genders ([sexes](sex.md)) of [humans](human.md), the other one being [man](man.md) -- traditionally woman is defined as that who was born with a vagina. Women are the weaker sex, they are [cute](cute.md) (sometimes) but notoriously bad at [programming](programming.md), [math](math.md) and [technology](technology.md): in the field they usually "work" on [bullshit](bullshit.md) (and mostly [harmful](harmful.md)) positions such as "diversity department", [marketing](marketing.md), "[HR](human_resources.md)", [UI](ui.md)/[user experience](ux.md), or as a [token](token.md) girl for media. If they get close to actual technology, their highest "skills" are mostly limited to casual "[coding](coding.md)" (which itself is a below-average form of [programming](programming.md)) in a baby language such as [Python](python.md), [Javascript](javascript.md) or [Rust](rust.md). Mostly they are just hired for quotas and make coffee for men who do the real work (until TV cameras appear). Don't let yourself be fooled by the propaganda, women have always been bad with tech -- whenever you see a woman "engineer", quickly go hide somewhere, something's gonna fall on your head. If you see a woman driver in a bus, rather wait for the next one. They belong to kitchen but by some catastrophic failure ended up in nuclear plants and universities, god protect us. Indeed, very rarely a somewhat skilled woman may appear (we're not saying women can't be capable, just that they rarely are).
+A woman (also girl, gril, gurl, femoid, toilet, karen, wimminz, the weaker sex, the dumber sex or succubus; [tranny](tranny.md) girl being called [t-girl](tgirl.md), troon, [trap](trap.md), [femboy](femboy.md), fake girl or [mtf](mtf.md)) is one of two genders ([sexes](sex.md)) of [humans](human.md), the other one being [man](man.md) -- traditionally woman is defined as that who was born with a vagina. Women are the weaker sex, they are [cute](cute.md) (sometimes) but notoriously bad at [programming](programming.md), [math](math.md) and [technology](technology.md): in the field they usually "work" on [bullshit](bullshit.md) (and mostly [harmful](harmful.md)) positions such as "diversity department", [marketing](marketing.md), "[HR](human_resources.md)", [UI](ui.md)/[user experience](ux.md), or as a [token](token.md) girl for media. If they get close to actual technology, their highest "skills" are mostly limited to casual "[coding](coding.md)" (which itself is a below-average form of [programming](programming.md)) in a baby language such as [Python](python.md), [Javascript](javascript.md) or [Rust](rust.md). Mostly they are just hired for quotas and make coffee for men who do the real work (until TV cameras appear). Don't let yourself be fooled by the propaganda, women have always been bad with tech -- whenever you see a woman "engineer", quickly go hide somewhere, something's gonna fall on your head. If you see a woman driver in a bus, rather wait for the next one. If a woman surgeon is to operate on you, just RUN. They belong to kitchen but by some catastrophic failure ended up in nuclear plants and universities, god protect us. Indeed, very rarely a somewhat skilled woman may appear (we're not saying women can't be capable, just that they rarely are). If a woman touches [computer](computer.md), it explodes.
 
 The symbol for woman is a circle with cross at its bottom ([Unicode](unicode.md) U+2640). Women mostly like pink [color](color.md) and similar colors like red and purple. Watch out! Bitches carry around pepper sprays and sometimes even miniature guns, if you make eye contact for too long you're dead.