Update
This commit is contained in:
parent
9f0e34a0dd
commit
94fd1c5b4a
23 changed files with 1955 additions and 1939 deletions
|
|
@ -56,4 +56,4 @@ As for backgammon **computer engines** the best [free as in freedom](free_softwa
|
|||
|
||||
Some statistics about the game: there are 18528584051601162496 legal positions. Average branching factor (considering all possible dice rolls) is very high, somewhere around 400, which is likely why space search isn't as effective as in chess and why neural networks greatly prevail. Average number of moves in a game seem to be slightly above 20.
|
||||
|
||||
TODO
|
||||
TODO: moar, lulz in backgammon?
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
|||
# Billboard
|
||||
|
||||
In [3D](3d.md) [computer graphics](graphics.md) billboard is a flat image placed in the scene that rotates so that it's always facing the camera. Billboards used to be greatly utilized instead of actual [3D models](3d_model.md) in old [games](game.md) thanks to being faster to render (and possibly also easier to create than full 3D models), but we can still encounter them even today and even outside retro games, e.g. [particle systems](particle_system.md) are normally rendered with billboards (each particle is one billboard). Billboards are also commonly called *[sprites](sprite.md)*, even though that's not exactly accurate.
|
||||
In [3D](3d.md) [computer graphics](graphics.md) billboard is a flat image placed in the scene that rotates so that it's always facing the camera. Billboards used to be abundantly used instead of actual [3D models](3d_model.md) especially in old [games](game.md) thanks to being faster to render (and likely easier to create than full 3D models as well), but we'll still encounter them even to this day and not just in retro games, e.g. [particle systems](particle_system.md) are normally rendered with billboards (each particle is one billboard). Billboards are also commonly called *[sprites](sprite.md)*, even though that's not exactly accurate.
|
||||
|
||||
By axis of rotation there are two main types of billboards:
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ This article will be focused on C specific/typical pitfalls, but of course C als
|
|||
|
||||
Unless specified otherwise, this article supposes the C99 standard of the C language.
|
||||
|
||||
**Generally**: be sure to check your programs with tools such as [valgrind](valgrind.md), [splint](splint.md), [cppcheck](cppcheck.md), UBSan or ASan, and turn on compiler auto checks (`-Wall`, `-Wextra`, `-pedantic`, ...), it's quick, simple and reveals many bugs!
|
||||
**Generally**: be sure to check your programs with tools such as [valgrind](valgrind.md), [splint](splint.md), [cppcheck](cppcheck.md), UBSan or ASan, and turn on compiler auto checks (`-Wall`, `-Wextra`, `-pedantic`, ...), it's quick, simple and reveals many bugs! Also have the specification at hand, sometimes it's literally easier, safer and faster to look something up in the primary source rather than looking up opinions of the Internet people.
|
||||
|
||||
## Undefined/Unspecified Behavior
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ Of course this applies to other languages as well, but C is especially known for
|
|||
|
||||
## Other
|
||||
|
||||
Basic things: `=` is not `==`, `|` is not `||`, `&` is not `&&`, array indices start at 0 (not 1) and so on. There are also some deeper gotchas like `a/*b` is not `a / *b` (the first is comment).
|
||||
Basic things: `=` is not `==`, `|` is not `||`, `&` is not `&&`, `x++` is not `++x`, pointers and arrays are sometimes NOT the same thing (consider e.g. `sizeof`), array indices start at 0 (not 1) and so on. There are also some deeper gotchas like `a/*b` is not `a / *b` (the first is comment). General gotchas not specific to C still apply (messing up order of function arguments, confusing radians with degrees in trigonometric functions, error by one, ...).
|
||||
|
||||
Also watch out for this one: `!=` is not `=!` :) I.e. `if (x != 4)` and `if (x =! 4)` are two different things, the first means *not equal* and is usually what you want, the latter is two operations, `=` and `!`, the tricky thing is it also compiles and may work as expected in some cases but fail in others, leading to a very nasty bug. Same thing with `-=` vs `=-` and so on. See also [downto](downto.md) operator.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -148,11 +148,11 @@ Also `putchar('a')` versus `putchar("a")` ;) Only the first one is correct of co
|
|||
|
||||
Another possible gotcha: `const char *myStrings[] = {"abc", "def", "ghi"};` vs `const char *myStrings[] = {"abc", "def" "ghi"};`. In the latter we forgot a comma, but it's still a valid code, in the array there are now only two strings, the latter being "defghi". Writing the expected array size would help spot this as it wouldn't match.
|
||||
|
||||
**Stdlib API can be [trollish](trolling.md)**, for example the file printing functions: *fprintf* expects the file pointer as first argument while *fputs* expects it as last, so to print hello you can do either `fprintf(file,"hello")` or `fputs("hello",file)` -- naturally this leads to fucking up the order sometimes and doing so even compiles (both arguments are pointers), the running code then crashes.
|
||||
**Stdlib API can be [trollish](trolling.md)**, for example the file printing functions: *fprintf* expects the file pointer as first argument while *fputs* expects it as last, so to print hello you can do either `fprintf(file,"hello")` or `fputs("hello",file)` -- naturally this leads to fucking up the order sometimes and doing so even usually compiles (both arguments are pointers, although not of the same type so you'll be warned), the running code then crashes.
|
||||
|
||||
Watch out for **operator precedence**! C infamously has weird precedence with some special operators, bracket expressions if unsure, or just to increase readability for others. Also nested ifs with elses can get tricky -- again, use curly brackets for clarity in your spaghetti code.
|
||||
|
||||
**[Preprocessor](preprocessor.md) can give you headaches** if you use it in overcomplicated ways -- ifdefs and macros are fine, but too many nesting can create real mess that's super hard to debug. It can also quite greatly slow down compilation. Try to keep the preprocessing code simple and flat.
|
||||
**[Preprocessor](preprocessor.md) can give you headaches** if you use it in overcomplicated ways -- ifdefs and macros are fine, but too many nesting can create real mess that's super hard to debug. It can also quite greatly slow down compilation. Try to keep the preprocessing code simple, orthogonal and flat.
|
||||
|
||||
Watch out for **[macro](macro.md) arguments**, always bracket them because they get substituted on text level. Consider e.g. a macro `#define divide(a,b) a / b`, and then doing `divide(3 + 1,2)` -- this gets expanded to `3 + 1 / 2` while you probably wanted `(3 + 1) / 2`, i.e. the macro should have been defined as `#define divide(a,b) (a) / (b)`.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
|
|||
|
||||
{ BEWARE: I am not a mathematician, this will be dumbed down for noobs and [programmers](programming.md) like me, actual mathematicians may suffer brain damage reading this. ~drummyfish }
|
||||
|
||||
Calculus is a bit infamous but hugely important area of advanced [mathematics](math.md) whose focus lies in studying **continuous change**: for example how quickly a [function](function.md) grows, how fast its growth "accelerates", in which direction a multidimensional function grows the fastest etc. This means in calculus we stop being preoccupied with actual immediate values and start focusing on their CHANGE: things like velocity, acceleration, slopes, gradients etc., in a highly generalized way. Calculus is one of the first disciplines one gets confronted with in higher math, i.e. when starting University, and for some reason it's a very feared subject among students to whom the name sounds like a curse, although the basics aren't more difficult than other areas of math (that's not to say it shouldn't be feared, just that other areas should be feared equally so). Although from high school textbooks it's easy to acquire the impression that all problems can be solved without calculus and that it will therefore be of little practical use, the opposite is in fact true: in [real world](irl.md) EVERYTHING is about change, proof of which is the fact that in [physics](physics.md) most important phenomena are described by **[differential equations](differential_equation.md)**, i.e. basically "calculus equations" -- it turns out that many things depend on rate of change of some variable rather than the variable's direct value: for example air friction depends on how fast we are moving (how quickly our position is changing), our ears hear thanks to CHANGE in air pressure, electric current gets generated by CHANGE of magnetic field etc. Calculus is very similar to (and sometimes is interchangeably used with) *mathematical analysis* (the difference is basically that analysis tries to [prove](prove.md) what calculus does, at least according to the "[Internet](internet.md)"). The word *calculus* is also sometimes used to signify any "system for making calculations", for example [lambda calculus](lambda_calculus.md).
|
||||
Calculus is a somewhat unpopular but immensely important area of advanced [mathematics](math.md) whose focus lies in study of **continuous change**: for example how quickly a [function](function.md) grows, how fast its growth "accelerates", in which direction a multidimensional function grows the fastest etc. This means in calculus we stop being preoccupied with actual immediate values and start focusing on their CHANGE: things like velocity, acceleration, slopes, gradients etc., in a highly generalized way. Calculus is one of the first disciplines one gets confronted with in higher math, i.e. when starting University, and for some reason it's a very feared subject among students to whom the name sounds like a curse, although the basics aren't more difficult than other areas of math (that's not to say it shouldn't be feared, just that other areas should be feared equally so). Although from high school textbooks it's easy to acquire the impression that all problems can be solved without calculus and that it will therefore be of little practical use, the opposite is in fact true: in [real world](irl.md) EVERYTHING is about change, proof of which is the fact that in [physics](physics.md) most important phenomena are described by **[differential equations](differential_equation.md)**, i.e. basically "calculus equations" -- it turns out that many things depend on rate of change of some variable rather than the variable's direct value: for example air friction depends on how fast we are moving (how quickly our position is changing), our ears hear thanks to CHANGE in air pressure, electric current gets generated by CHANGE of magnetic field etc. Calculus is very similar to (and sometimes is interchangeably used with) *mathematical analysis* (the difference is basically that analysis tries to [prove](prove.md) what calculus does, at least according to the "[Internet](internet.md)"). The word *calculus* is also sometimes used to signify any "system for making calculations", for example [lambda calculus](lambda_calculus.md).
|
||||
|
||||
Is this of any importance to a programmer? Fucking YES, you can't avoid it. Consider [physics engines](physics_engine.md), [machine learning](machine_learning.md), smooth [curves](curve.md) and surfaces in computer graphics, [interpolation](interpolation.md) and animation, scientific simulations, [electronics](electronics.md), [robotics](robotics.md), [signal](signal.md) processing and other kind of various shit all REQUIRE at least basics of calculus.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ OK so to actually compute a derivative of a function we can use some of the foll
|
|||
| *g(x) * h(x)* | *g'(x) * h(x) + g(x) * h'(x)* | |
|
||||
| *g(h(x))* | *g'(h(x)) * h'(x)* | chain rule |
|
||||
|
||||
**Monkey example**: let's try to find the derivative of this super retarded function:
|
||||
**Monkey example**: we're about to find the derivative of this super retarded function:
|
||||
|
||||
*f(x) = x^2 - 2 * x + 3*
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
4
chess.md
4
chess.md
|
|
@ -316,11 +316,11 @@ What's the **theoretically worst game possible**, and how to find out? This is e
|
|||
1/2-1/2
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Lichess analysis seems to only handle the first 150 moves, the evaluation graph explodes up and down and almost jumps out of the roof. The following are the analysis results (for the first 150 moves). White: 15 inaccuracies, 15 mistakes, 97 blunders, 581 average centipawn loss, accuracy: 21%. Black: 11 inaccuracies, 17 mistakes, 97 blunders, 587 average centipawn loss, accuracy: 21%. That doesn't seem that bad, why aren't all moves blunders? Well, firstly the analysis is relatively quick (takes like 10 seconds for whole game), it likely doesn't see as deep as the engines who were given hours to play, but secondly we changed the rules of the game: the analyzing engine still assumes the players will be playing good moves, which is not the case.
|
||||
Lichess analysis seems to only handle the first 150 moves, the evaluation graph explodes up and down and almost jumps through the roof. The following are the analysis results (for the first 150 moves). White: 15 inaccuracies, 15 mistakes, 97 blunders, 581 average centipawn loss, accuracy: 21%. Black: 11 inaccuracies, 17 mistakes, 97 blunders, 587 average centipawn loss, accuracy: 21%. That doesn't seem that bad, why aren't all moves blunders? Well, firstly the analysis is relatively quick (takes like 10 seconds for whole game), it likely doesn't see as deep as the engines who were given hours to play, but secondly we changed the rules of the game: the analyzing engine still assumes the players will be playing good moves, which is not the case.
|
||||
|
||||
For comparison here is another bad game in which we just take regular stockfish 17 and make moves like this: from all possible moves, minus the ones that draw, choose the one that leads to the position with worst evaluation for us. 3 seconds are given for evaluating each possible move, so we get something around a minute to make a move. For "mate in N" we take the move that gets us mated sooner as better, and to decide between several "mate in N" moves with same N we try to estimate the worst by taking an average static evaluation of the board to depth 3 (for technical reasons we use [smallchesslib](smallchesslib.md)'s evaluation) -- this should help us prefer positions in which there are more ways to get ourselves mated or in which we at least lost most material and other advantage on average. This game embodies the effort to make the worst blunder in each move in a regular game of chess -- as such we won't see too many "forced blunders", just great many generous offers that keep being turned down. In result this produced another terribly long game:
|
||||
|
||||
{ My computer basically spent the whole day computing this game instead of mining Monero, so please enjoy :D ~drummyfish }
|
||||
{ My computer basically spent the whole day computing this game instead of mining Monero, so please enjoy :D NOTE: I don't actually mine Monero of course, I'm not stupid enough for that. ~drummyfish }
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
1. g4 f5 2. f3 g5 3. Kf2 Kf7 4. Ke3 Ke6 5. Kd4 Qe8 6. b4 Qh5 7. f4 Kf6 8. Ke3 Qh3+ 9. Kd4 Qc3+
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,18 +1,17 @@
|
|||
# Easy To Learn, Hard To Master
|
||||
|
||||
"Easy to learn, hard to master" (ETLHTM) is a type of design of a [game](game.md) (and by extension a potential property of any [art](art.md) or [skill](skill.md)) which makes it relatively easy to learn to play while mastering the play (playing in near optimal way) remains very difficult.
|
||||
"Easy to learn, hard to master" (ETLHTM) is a type of design of a [game](game.md) (and by extension a potential property of any [art](art.md) or [skill](skill.md)) which makes it relatively easy to learn to play while mastering the play (playing in near optimal way) remains very difficult. This stems from a complex system emerging from simple rules, a property typical of [chaotic systems](chaos.md). The opposite is [hard to learn, easy to master](hard_to_learn_easy_to_master.md), although such a property is quite rare; more commonly we encounter either ETLHTM games or games that are both hard to learn and hard to master.
|
||||
|
||||
Examples of this are games such as [tetris](tetris.md), [minesweeper](minesweeper.md) or [Trackmania](trackmania.md).
|
||||
Among video game we find many examples such as [tetris](tetris.md), [minesweeper](minesweeper.md) or [Trackmania](trackmania.md). The board game of [go](go.md) shows an extreme contrast between simplicity of learning the rules and actually playing well: learning the rules can take just 5 minutes, learning to play on VERY low level usually takes at least weeks and most people won't suffice with their lifetime to reach master levels of play.
|
||||
|
||||
[LRS](lrs.md) sees the ETLHTM design as extremely useful and desirable as it allows for creation of [suckless](suckless.md), simple games that offer many hours of [fun](fun.md), usually with relatively low effort -- if the game is simple in nature, it's also usually simple to program. With this philosophy we get a great amount of value for relatively little effort.
|
||||
|
||||
This is related to a fun coming from **self imposed goals**, another very important and useful concept in games. Self imposed goals in games are goals the player sets for himself, for example completing the game without killing anyone (so called "pacifist" gameplay) or completing it very quickly ([speedrunning](speedrun.md)). Here the game serves only as a platform, a playground at which different games can be played and invented -- inventing games is fun in itself. Again, a game supporting self imposed goals can be relatively simple and offer years of fun, which is extremely cool.
|
||||
The fun in ETLHTM games may also come from **self imposed goals**, another very important and useful concept in games. Self imposed goals are those which the player sets for himself, for example completing the game without killing anyone (so called "pacifist" gameplay) or completing it very quickly ([speedrunning](speedrun.md)), blindfolded etc. Here the game serves only as a platform, a playground at which different games can be played and invented -- inventing games is fun in itself. Again, a game supporting self imposed goals can be relatively simple and offer years of fun, which is extremely cool.
|
||||
|
||||
The simplicity of learning a game comes from simple rules while the difficulty of its mastering arises from the complex emergent behavior these simple rules create. Mastering of the game is many times encouraged by [competition](competition.md) among different people but also competition against oneself (trying to beat own score). In many simple games such as [minesweeper](minesweeper.md) there exists a competitive scene (based either on direct matches or some measurement of skill such as [speedrunning](speedrun.md) or achieving high score) that drives people to search for strategies and techniques that optimize the play, and to training skillful execution of such play.
|
||||
|
||||
The opposite is [hard to learn, easy to master](hard_to_learn_easy_to_master.md).
|
||||
The simplicity of learning a game comes from simple rules while the difficulty of its mastering arises from the complex emergent behavior these simple rules imply. Mastering of the game is many times encouraged by [competition](competition.md) among different people but also competition against oneself (trying to beat own score). In many simple games such as [minesweeper](minesweeper.md) there exists a competitive scene (based either on direct matches or some measurement of skill such as [speedrunning](speedrun.md) or achieving high score) that drives people to search for strategies and techniques that optimize the play, and to training skillful execution of such play.
|
||||
|
||||
## See Also
|
||||
|
||||
- [hard to learn, easy to master](hard_to_learn_easy_to_master.md)
|
||||
- [easier done than said](easier_done_than_said.md)
|
||||
- [speedrun](speedrun.md)
|
||||
8
float.md
8
float.md
|
|
@ -14,11 +14,11 @@ Is floating point literal evil? Well, of course not, but it is extremely overuse
|
|||
|
||||
## How It Works
|
||||
|
||||
The very basic idea is following: we have digits in memory and in addition we have a position of the radix point among these digits, i.e. both digits and position of the radix point can change. The fact that the radix point can move is reflected in the name *floating point*. In the end any number stored in float can be written with a finite number of digits with a radix point, e.g. 12.34. Notice that any such number can also always be written as a simple fraction of two integers (e.g. 12.34 = 1 * 10 + 2 * 1 + 3 * 1/10 + 4 * 1/100 = 617/50), i.e. any such number is always a rational number. This is why we say that floats represent fractional numbers and not true real numbers (real numbers such as [pi](pi.md), [e](e.md) or square root of 2 can only be approximated).
|
||||
The gist of the basic idea is this: we have digits in memory and in addition we have a position of the radix point among these digits, i.e. both digits and position of the radix point can change. The fact that the radix point can move is reflected in the name *floating point*. In the end any number stored in float can be written with a finite number of digits with a radix point, e.g. 12.34. Notice that any such number can also always be written as a simple fraction of two integers (e.g. 12.34 = 1 * 10 + 2 * 1 + 3 * 1/10 + 4 * 1/100 = 617/50), i.e. any such number is always a rational number. This is why we say that floats represent fractional numbers and not true real numbers (real numbers such as [pi](pi.md), [e](e.md) or square root of 2 can only be approximated).
|
||||
|
||||
More precisely floats represent numbers by representing two main parts: the *base* -- actual encoded digits, called **mantissa** (or significand etc.) -- and the position of the radix point. The position of radix point is called the **exponent** because mathematically the floating point works similarly to the scientific notation of extreme numbers that use exponentiation. For example instead of writing 0.0000123 scientists write 123 * 10^-7 -- here 123 would be the mantissa and -7 the exponent.
|
||||
More precisely floats represent numbers by storing two main parts: the *base* -- actual encoded digits, called **mantissa** (or significand etc.) -- and the position of the radix point. The position of radix point is called the **exponent** because mathematically the floating point works similarly to the scientific notation of extreme numbers that use exponentiation. For example instead of writing 0.0000123 scientists write 123 * 10^-7 -- here 123 would be the mantissa and -7 the exponent.
|
||||
|
||||
Though various numeric bases can be used, in [computers](computer.md) we normally use [base 2](binary.md), so let's consider it from now on. So our numbers will be of format:
|
||||
Though various numeric bases come to consideration, in [computers](computer.md) we almost exclusively use [base 2](binary.md), so we are about to stick with base 2 from now on. Moving on, our numbers will be of format:
|
||||
|
||||
*mantissa * 2^exponent*
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ So for example the binary representation `110011` stores mantissa `110` (6) and
|
|||
|
||||
Note a few things: firstly our format is [shit](shit.md) because some numbers have multiple representations, e.g. 0 can be represented as `000000`, `000001`, `000010`, `000011` etc., in fact we have 8 zeros! That's unforgivable and formats used in practice address this (usually by prepending an implicit 1 to mantissa).
|
||||
|
||||
Secondly notice the non-uniform distribution of our numbers: while we have a nice resolution close to 0 (we can represent 1/16, 2/16, 3/16, ...), our resolution in high numbers is low (the highest number we can represent is 56 but the second highest is 48, we can NOT represent e.g. 50 exactly). Realize that obviously with 6 bits we can still represent only 64 numbers at most! So float is NOT a magical way to get more numbers, with integers on 6 bits we can represent numbers from 0 to 63 spaced exactly by 1 and with our floating point we can represent numbers spaced as close as 1/16th but only in the region near 0, we pay the price of having big gaps in higher numbers.
|
||||
Secondly observe the non-uniform distribution of our numbers: whilst we have good resolution close to 0 (we can represent 1/16, 2/16, 3/16, ...), the resolution in high numbers falls (the highest number we can represent is 56 but the second highest is 48, we can NOT represent e.g. 50 exactly). Realize that obviously with 6 bits we can still represent only 64 numbers at most! So float is NOT a magical way to get more numbers, with integers on 6 bits we can represent numbers from 0 to 63 spaced exactly by 1 and with our floating point we can represent numbers spaced as close as 1/16th but only in the region near 0, we pay the price of having big gaps in higher numbers.
|
||||
|
||||
Also notice that things like simple addition of numbers become more difficult and time consuming, you have to include conversions and [rounding](rounding.md) -- while with fixed point addition is a single machine instruction, same as integer addition, here with software implementation we might end up with dozens of instructions (specialized hardware can perform addition fast but still, not all computer have that hardware).
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
2
free.md
2
free.md
|
|
@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
|
|||
# Free
|
||||
|
||||
In our community, as well as in the wider tech and some non-tech communities, the word free is normally used in the sense of [free as in freedom](free_software.md), i.e. implying freedom, not price. The word for "free of cost" is [gratis](gratis.md) (also *free as in beer*). To prevent this confusion the word *[libre](libre.md)* is sometimes used in place of *free*, or we say *free as in freedom*, *free as in speech* etc.
|
||||
It is confusing to outsiders, but by [us](lrs.md), as well as the wider tech and some non-tech communities, the word *free* is normally used in the sense of [free as in freedom](free_software.md), i.e. implying [freedom](freedom.md), not price. The word for "free of cost" is [gratis](gratis.md) (also *free as in beer*) or [freeware](freeware.md). To prevent this confusion the word *[libre](libre.md)* is sometimes used in place of *free*, or we say *free as in freedom*, *free as in speech*, even [FOSS](foss.md) (this one is not so strong) etc.
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,5 +1,10 @@
|
|||
# Hard To Learn, Easy To Master
|
||||
|
||||
"Hard to learn, easy to master" is the opposite of "[easy to learn, hard to master](easy_to_lear_hard_to_master.md)".
|
||||
"Hard to learn, easy to master" is the opposite of "[easy to learn, hard to master](easy_to_lear_hard_to_master.md)". This means that learning the skill almost IS equal to mastering it, i.e. not doing the thing well has to count as not doing it at all, or it must be impossible not to do it well, or learning the thing must be hard but then, after learning it, there is no longer any possibility of improvement, etc.
|
||||
|
||||
Example: drinking coffee while flying a plane.
|
||||
Examples are hard to come up with. Someone on the Internet said walking -- this makes sense but of course the example isn't perfect, children spend at least a few months mastering walking. Another possible example: drinking coffee while acceptably flying a plane -- this requires learning to fly a plane on an acceptable level, which is hard, but then a mastery in drinking coffee is easy to achieve.
|
||||
|
||||
## See Also
|
||||
|
||||
- [easy to learn, hard to master](easy_to_learn_hard_to_master.md)
|
||||
- [easier done than said](easier_done_than_said.md)
|
||||
|
|
@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ Also in 1888 probably the **first [video](video.md)** that survived until today
|
|||
|
||||
On December 17 1903 the Wright brothers famously performed the **first controlled flight of a motor airplane** which they built, in North Carolina. In repeated attempts they flew as far as 61 meters over just a few seconds.
|
||||
|
||||
Int 1907 Lee De Forest invented a practically usable **[vacuum tube](vacuum_tube.md)**, an extremely important part usable in electric devices for example as an amplifier or a switch -- this would enable construction of radios, telephones and later even primitive computers. The invention would lead to the [electronic](electronics.md) revolution.
|
||||
In 1907 Lee De Forest invented a practically usable **[vacuum tube](vacuum_tube.md)**, an extremely important part usable in electric devices for example as an amplifier or a switch -- this would enable construction of radios, telephones and later even primitive computers. The invention would lead to the [electronic](electronics.md) revolution. Also in 1907 [Belinographe](belinographe.md) was invented, allowing transmission of photographs over telephone lines.
|
||||
|
||||
From 1914 to 1918 there was **[World War I](ww1.md)**.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ As of 2024 the Internet is dead, like whole society, killed by [capitalism](capi
|
|||
|
||||
{ Some sites with Internet history: https://www.zakon.org/robert/internet/timeline/, https://www.freesoft.org/CIE/Topics/57.htm. ~drummyfish }
|
||||
|
||||
It goes without saying that even though in retrospect it looks like the Internet just came to be one day, it wasn't indeed so -- we have to remember large communication networks existed for a long time and were often used in ways very similar to the Internet, even for silly things like playing [games](game.md) (e.g. [chess](chess.md) used to be played over snail mail and even telegraph). Before electronic networks there were networks such as paper mail and optical telegraphs. With electricity a great number of new, much improved networks appeared, such as the electrical [telegraph](telegraph.md) (~1840), phone and [fax](fax.md) networks (~1880), radio broadcasts (circa first half of 20th century) and [TV](tv.md) broadcasts (~1930). Some of the later networks were very similar to the World Wide Web from user perspective, and they were quite advanced and widely used at the time when Internet was just in its infancy -- for example [teletext](teletext.md) (~1970) allowed people to browse graphical pages on their TVs, [BBS](bbs.md) and [Usenet](usenet.md) networks were already [digital](digital.md) computer networks (accessed through dialup [modems](modem.md)) allowed people to chat, discuss on forums, roleplay, play games and share files, [Minitel](minitel.md) was the most successful Internet like network that worked in France in the 1980s etc. Perhaps not to much surprise visions of Internet as we know it appeared beforehand for example in [sci-fi](sci_fi.md), one particularly famous such work is the 1956 book called *A Logic Named Joe*.
|
||||
It goes without saying that even though in retrospect it looks like the Internet just came to be one day, it wasn't indeed so -- we have to remember large communication networks existed for a long time and were often used in ways very similar to the Internet, even for silly things like playing [games](game.md) (e.g. [chess](chess.md) used to be played over snail mail and even telegraph). Before electronic networks there were networks such as paper mail and optical telegraphs. Electricity opened the door to numerous new, much improved networks, such as the electrical [telegraph](telegraph.md) (~1840), phone and [fax](fax.md) networks (~1880) that even allowed sending images (since early 1900s thanks to Belinographe, used mainly by newspapers), [radio](radio.md) broadcasts (circa first half of 20th century) and [TV](tv.md) broadcasts (~1930). Some of the later networks were very similar to the World Wide Web from user perspective, and they were quite advanced and widely used at the time when Internet was just in its infancy -- for example [teletext](teletext.md) (~1970) allowed people to browse graphical pages on their TVs, [BBS](bbs.md) and [Usenet](usenet.md) networks were already [digital](digital.md) computer networks (accessed through dialup [modems](modem.md)) allowed people to chat, discuss on forums, roleplay, play games and share files, [Minitel](minitel.md) was the most successful Internet like network that worked in France in the 1980s etc. Perhaps not to much surprise visions of Internet as we know it appeared beforehand for example in [sci-fi](sci_fi.md), one particularly famous such work is the 1956 book called *A Logic Named Joe*.
|
||||
|
||||
The Internet itself evolved from **[ARPANET](arpanet.md)**, a network designed by [US](usa.md) department of defense; ARPANET started to be developed in 1969 (with first plans appearing in 1966), fueled by Cold War rivalry with the Soviet Union. Of course, this network wasn't intended to become what the Internet is today, no one could probably have foreseen the future, it was just another [military](military.md) project -- as such, ARPANET was designed to be **[decentralized](decentralization.md)** so as to be robust, i.e. there was no central node of the network which would be an easy target for enemies in a war. ARPANET was revolutionary by utilizing so called **[packet switching](packet_switching.md)** (idea published in a paper in 1961), i.e. any data sent over the network were split into small data [packets](packet.md) that would travel through the network independently, each one possibly by different path, and would be reassembled into the whole once they all arrived at the destination (again, this helped keep the network robust -- if one path was destroyed, packets would just find another path). This is in contrast to traditional [circuit switching](circuit_switching.md) used until then e.g. in telephone networks (circuit switching basically just means that direct connections are established between nodes that want to communicate at given time).
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
8
iq.md
8
iq.md
|
|
@ -14,7 +14,9 @@ Please wear a hard hat when reading this page.
|
|||
|
||||
*See also https://en.metapedia.org/wiki/Intelligence_quotient.*
|
||||
|
||||
IQ (intelligence quotient) is a non-perfect but [still kind of useful](good_enough.md) measure of one's intelligence, it is a numeric score one gets on a standardized test that tries to estimate his intellectual ability at different tasks ([logic](logic.md), [memory](memory.md), language skills, spatial skills, ...) and express them with a single number. The tests are standardized and the scoring is usually tuned so that the value 100 means average intelligence -- anything above means smarter than average, anything below dumber than average. IQ is a quite controversial topic because it shows intellectual differences between [races](race.md) and sexes and clashes with [political correctness](political_correctness.md), there is also a great debate about "what intelligence even is" (i.e. what the test should measure, what weight should be given to different areas of intelligence), if it is even reasonable to simplify "intelligence" down to a single number, how much of a cultural bias there is (do we really measure pure intellectual capacity or just familiarity with some concepts of our western culture?) and the accuracy of the tests is also highly debated (which can be an issue if we e.g. start using IQ tests to determine who should get higher education and who shouldn't) -- nevertheless it's unquestionable that IQ DOES correlate with intellectual abilities, IQ tests are a tool that really does something, the debates mostly revolve around how useful the tool is, how it should be used, what conclusions can we make with it and so on. Basically only people with the lowest IQ say that IQ is completely useless. The testing of IQ was developed only during 20th century, so we don't know IQs of old geniuses -- if you read somewhere (including this article) that Newton's IQ was 200, it's just someone's wild guess.
|
||||
IQ (intelligence quotient) is a non-perfect but [still kind of useful](good_enough.md) measure of one's intelligence, it is a numeric score one gets on a standardized test that tries to estimate his intellectual ability at different tasks ([logic](logic.md), [memory](memory.md), language skills, spatial skills, ...) and express them with a single [number](number.md). The tests are standardized and the scoring is usually tuned so that the value 100 means average intelligence -- anything above means smarter than average, anything below dumber than average. IQ is a quite controversial topic because it shows intellectual differences between [races](race.md) and sexes and clashes with [political correctness](political_correctness.md), there is also a great debate about "what intelligence even is" (i.e. what the test should measure, what weight should be given to different areas of intelligence), if it is even reasonable to simplify "intelligence" down to a single number, how much of a cultural bias there is (do we really measure pure intellectual capacity or just familiarity with some concepts of our western culture?) and the accuracy of the tests is also highly debated (which can be an issue if we e.g. start using IQ tests to determine who should get higher education and who shouldn't) -- nevertheless it's unquestionable that IQ DOES correlate with intellectual abilities, IQ tests are a tool that really does something, the debates mostly revolve around how useful the tool is, how it should be used, what conclusions can we make with it and so on. Basically only people with the lowest IQ say that IQ is completely useless. The testing of IQ was developed only during 20th century, so we don't know IQs of old geniuses -- if you read somewhere (including this article) that Newton's IQ was 200, it's just someone's wild guess.
|
||||
|
||||
Although it's important to distinguish between IQ and intelligence, many times we can use the terms interchangeably, and we will be doing so in this article, only making the distinction where it matters.
|
||||
|
||||
IQ follows the normal [probability](probability.md) distribution, i.e. it is modeled by the [bell curve](bell_curve.md) that says how many people of the total population will fall into any given range of IQ score. Though this has been challenged too, one of the basic laws of human stupidity says that the probability that someone is stupid is independent of any other of his characteristics (education, profession, race, sanity, ...). There are various IQ scales, almost all use the Gaussian (bell) curve that's centered at 100 (i.e. 100 is supposed to mean the average intelligence) and have [standard deviation](standard_deviation.md) 15 (but other have been used as well) -- this is what we'll implicitly suppose in the article from now. This means that about 2/3rds of people will fall in the range 85 to 115 but no more than 1% will have IQ higher than 145 or lower than 55. Sometimes you may also encounter so called **percentile** which says what percentage of population is below your IQ.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -76,7 +78,7 @@ The following are **average IQ values for various selected countries**, accordin
|
|||
|
||||
**Is IQ a useful measure and if so, how important is the score?** Firstly if you are insecure about your own IQ then just stop that shit -- you know yourself, you know if you're good at math or writing or whatever else you try to do, do you need a piece of paper patting you on the back or something? That's completely pointless, the only thing worth of discussion is IQ as some standardized tool of estimating intellectual abilities of other people on a bigger scale, e.g. as some kind of filter in education (with small groups you can really just interview the people and see if they're dumb or not, that's also more reliable than IQ tests). In this of course the question of the validity of IQ is a controversial one, discussed over and over. Modern "inclusive" society dismisses IQ as basically useless because it points out differences between [races](race.md) etc., some rightist are on the other hand obsessed with IQ too much as it creates a natural hierarchy assigning each man his rank among others. True significance of IQ as a measure seems to be somewhere in between the two extremes here. As it's always noted about IQ, we have to remember the term "intelligence" itself is fuzzy, there doesn't and cannot exist any universal definition of it, so we have trouble even grasping what we're measuring and however we define intelligence, it usually ends up hardly even correlating with "success" or "achievements" or anything similar, so firstly let's see IQ just as what it literally is: a score in some kind of game. Furthermore intelligence is extremely complex and multidimensional (there is spatial and visual intelligence, long and short term memory, language skills, social and emotional intelligence etc.), capturing all this with a single number is inevitably a simplification, the score is just a projected shadow of the intelligence with light cast from certain angle. IQ score definitely does say a lot about some specific kind of "mathematical" intelligence, though even if designed to be so, even in this narrow sense it isn't anywhere near a perfect measure -- though a minority, some mathematicians do score low on IQ tests (Richard Feynman, physics Nobel Prize laureate had famously a relatively low score of 125). It's perhaps good to keep the "IQ tests as a game" mindset -- intelligent people will be probably good at it but some won't, performance can be increased by training, there will be narrowly focused autists who excel at the game but are extremely dumb at everything else etc. Having IQ score predict what we normally understand to be "intelligence" is like having height, weight and age predict how good of a soldier someone will be -- there will be some good correlations, but not nearly perfect ones. Some general IQ range will be necessary for certain tasks such as [programming](programming.md), but rather than +5 on an IQ score things such as education and personality traits will play much more important roles in actually achieving something or creating something good; for example curiosity and determination, the habit of thinking about everything in depth, nonconformity, a skeptical mind, all these are much more important than being a human calculator -- remember, the cheapest calculator will beat the smartest man in multiplying numbers, would you say it is more intelligent?
|
||||
|
||||
{ Also consider this: even if you're average, or even a bit below average, you're still [homo](gay.md) sapiens and even if you only finished elementary school you received education that common people in middle ages could only dream of, so as long as you're not a [feminist](feminism.md) or [capitalist](capitalism.md) you'll always be the absolute top organism in intelligence, a member of by far the absolutely most intelligent species that ever appeared on [Earth](earth.md), your intelligence greatly surpasses great majority of living organisms. If you are able to read this, you already possess the great genius, you mastered language and are among the top 0.1%, there's no need to compare yourself to others and aim to be in 0.01% instead of 0.02%. Rather think about what good to do with the gift of reason you've been given. ~drummyfish }
|
||||
{ Also consider this: even if you're average, or even a bit below average, you're still [homo](gay.md) sapiens and even if you only finished elementary school you received education that common people in middle ages could only dream of, so as long as you're not a [feminist](feminism.md) or [capitalist](capitalism.md) you'll always be the absolute top organism in intelligence, a member of by far the absolutely most intelligent species that ever appeared on [Earth](earth.md), your intelligence highly surpasses great majority of living organisms. If you are able to read this, you already possess the great genius, you mastered language and are among the top 0.1%, there's no need to compare yourself to others and aim to be in 0.01% instead of 0.02%. Rather think about what good to do with the gift of reason you've been given. ~drummyfish }
|
||||
|
||||
{ It's still more and more complicated the more you think of it, even for example success in mathematics may sometimes depend less on pure math skills and more on non-mathematical kind of intelligence, e.g. that of observation skills and communication -- that's what academia is about. Yes, you need some creativity, but the ability to quickly understand ideas of others may sometimes be superior, an idea you "steal" from someone else is as useful as idea you came up with yourself, you need to catch many ideas of others and connect them together; on the other hand struggling with communication is sometimes simply like not speaking a common language at all. Thinking back I for one have always been quite retarded at understanding what others wanted to say, even simple things, so in classes I frequently wouldn't understand what was being taught while others understood, but it wasn't because I wouldn't understand the concept itself, I rather didn't understand the way the teacher explained it because (I think) I think differently about things. When we were given tasks to solve on our own, I usually beat my classmates because that was only about creative intelligence, not communication, and in this I think I was better than most of my peers. I didn't go for PhD later on while some of my classmates did -- TBH I don't think it's because they were necessarily more intelligent in general (many of them for sure were), but because they felt better in this world of communication, sharing papers, talking to others, understanding their ideas and collaborating, they had the "better mix" of intelligence for today's academic world -- this I always had problems with, so it contributed to my decision to not go there. This is just to show that this world is quite complex. ~drummyfish }
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -115,7 +117,7 @@ Below are some traits and types of intelligence, things we frequently see in hig
|
|||
- **Mental calculations**: probably thanks to good memory, quick thinking, language skills and other mentioned traits it happens that the smart are often fast and precise at mental calculations. This is not an absolute rule but all high IQs are at least slightly above average.
|
||||
- **Emotional and social intelligence, having higher life goals, resisting low instincts, focusing on the spiritual and intellectual before the material**: the intelligent shows high empathy and understanding of others, he can see through lies and propaganda easily, he has the ability to accept suffering, give up comfort and safety, he is able to [love](love.md) those who hate him for seeing the deeper reasons for why they are so, he can forgive, he is humble, never [worships any people](hero_culture.md), never seeks fame or success, never respects anyone's authority, despises prizes, medals and honors, he loves animals and other life forms and adopts higher life goals such as [selflessness](selflessness.md). For this he always tends to [socialist](socialism.md) and [altruistic](altruism.md) thinking, adopting [pacifism](pacifism.md), [communism](communism.md), [veganism](veganism.md) etc. A retard is closer to an animal: preoccupied with satisfying immediate needs (see e.g. [consumerism](consumerism.md), various addictions etc.) and self interest (typically being a [capitalist](capitalism.md), [fascist](fascism.md) etc.).
|
||||
- **Creativity, non-conformance, critical thinking, questioning everything**: a genius is special by finding solutions in places where no one thought of looking before rather than by hard [work](work.md) (that he may do too, but it's not what's exclusive to the genius), i.e. solutions that were missed not for being difficult to achieve but rather too unconventional or dangerous by being in conflict with established ways. A chimp will just learn norms and values of society; a genius will always question them and will reject those that make no sense (in our society practically all), so he will become a hated noncomformist accepting controversial things such as [pedophilia](pedophilia.md). It's not a voluntary rebellion, his brain is physically incapable of NOT seeing what's actually good and what's bad, he naturally questions absolutely everything, including things like basic ethics and opinions of respected authorities. An idiot on the other hand is a conformist, tribalist, often a soldier or worker more similar to a machine mindlessly performing orders and dancing as he's told.
|
||||
- **Elevated sense of humor**: almost universally the intelligent love smart humor and are good at creating it, they can make fun of themselves easily and make jokes even where it's seen as inappropriate, e.g. dark humor during funerals, high quality [trolling](trolling.md) and offensive [jokes](joke.md) inserted into serious speeches, lectures, books, papers, making fun of taboos and so on. Again don't confuse this with cheap crap "humor" by wannabe celebrities who just think it's funny to laugh constantly and non-stop shit out streams of words just to keep saying something, sweating to stay in the center of attention, which they think makes them a master stand up comedian. Being able to spot the difference is also part of having higher IQ. It's extremely simple to entertain a retard because he buys cheap jokes such as puns, pop-culture references, sex jokes, parodies of famous people etc., he can't tell if humor is good or bad so he can easily keep consuming mass-produced humor such as Netflix shows, which to the smart equals torture.
|
||||
- **Elevated sense of humor**: almost universally the intelligent love smart humor and are good at creating it, they can make fun of themselves easily and make jokes even where it's seen as inappropriate, e.g. dark humor during funerals, high quality [trolling](trolling.md) and offensive [jokes](jokes.md) inserted into serious speeches, lectures, books, papers, making fun of taboos and so on. Again don't confuse this with cheap crap "humor" by wannabe celebrities who just think it's funny to laugh constantly and non-stop shit out streams of words just to keep saying something, sweating to stay in the center of attention, which they think makes them a master stand up comedian. Being able to spot the difference is also part of having higher IQ. It's extremely simple to entertain a retard because he buys cheap jokes such as puns, pop-culture references, sex jokes, parodies of famous people etc., he can't tell if humor is good or bad so he can easily keep consuming mass-produced humor such as Netflix shows, which to the smart equals torture.
|
||||
- **Seeing patterns**: all kinds of, be it visual, social, mathematical, [historical](history.md) etc. Again this will lead to seeing hidden truths and the individual being labeled "conspiracy theorist" or even getting diagnosed with schizophrenia.
|
||||
- ...
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -90,6 +90,7 @@ WORK IN PROGRESS
|
|||
| Photoshopped | [GIMP](gimp.md)ed |
|
||||
| [playstation](playstation.md) | gaystation |
|
||||
| plug and play | plug and pray |
|
||||
| political correctness | political cowardice |
|
||||
| proprietary service | disservice |
|
||||
| school | indoctrination center |
|
||||
| "science" | [soyence](soyence.md) |
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Luke Smith was -- before becoming [crypto](crypto.md) [influencer](influencer.md
|
|||
|
||||
His look has been described as the *default Runescape character*: he is bald, over 30 years old (probably born around 1990) and lives in a rural location in Florida (exact coordinates have been doxxed but legally can't be shared here, but let's just say the road around his house bears his name). He is a [Christian](christianity.md) (well, the [militant](military.md) [fascist](fascism.md) USA "Christian") he goes to the church etc. He has a podcast called *Not Related!* (https://notrelated.xyz/) in which he discusses things such as alternative historical theories -- actually a great podcast. He has a minimalist [90s](90s.md) style website https://lukesmith.xyz/ and his own [peertube](peertube.md) instance where his videos can be watched if one doesn't want to watch them on [YouTube](youtube.md). He is the author of [LARBS](larbs.md) and minimalist recipe site https://based.cooking/ (recently he spoiled the site with some shitty web framework lol).
|
||||
|
||||
He used to be kind of based in things like identifying the harmfulness of [bloat](bloat.md) and [soyence](soyence.md), but also retarded to a great degree other times, for example he used to shill the [Brave](brave.md) browser pretty hard before he realized it was actually a huge scam all along xD He's openly a rightist fascist, [capitalist](capitalism.md), also probably a Nazi etc. In July 2022 **he started promoting some shitty [bloated](bloat.md) [modern](modern.md) [tranny](tranny_software.md) website generator that literally uses [JavaScript](js.md)**? WHAT THE FUCK. Like a good [capitalist](capitalism.md) (to which he self admitted in his podcast) he instantly turned 180 degrees against his own teaching as soon as he smelled the promotion money. Also he's shilling [crypto](crypto.md), he lets himself be paid for promoting extremely shitty webhosts in his web tutorials, he's anti-[porn](porn.md), anti-[games](game.md), anti-fun and leans towards medieval ideas such as "imagination and boredom being [harmful](harmful.md) because it makes you watch porn" etc. He went to huge [shit](shit.md), you wouldn't even believe. Though he even now still probably promotes [suckless](suckless.md) somehow, he isn't a programmer (shell scripting isn't programming) and sometimes doesn't seem to understand basic programming ideas (such as branchless programming), he's more of a typical [productivity](productivity_cult.md) retard. For Luke suckless is something more akin a brand he associated himself with, something he plays a mascot for because it provided him with a bit of personal convenience, this guy doesn't even care about deeper values it seems. As of 2023 he seems to have become obsessed with adopting a new identity of a turd in a very cheap suit, he literally looks like the door-to-door scam seller lol. All in all, a huge letdown. Of course, Luke is a [type B fail](fail_ab.md).
|
||||
He used to be kind of [based](based.md) in things like identifying harmfulness of [bloat](bloat.md) and [soyence](soyence.md), but also retarded to a very high level other times, for example he used to shill the [Brave](brave.md) browser pretty hard before he realized it was actually a huge scam all along xD He's openly a rightist fascist, [capitalist](capitalism.md), also probably a Nazi etc. In July 2022 **he started promoting some bloody [bloated](bloat.md) [modern](modern.md) [tranny](tranny_software.md) website generator that literally uses [JavaScript](js.md)**? WHAT THE FUCK. Like a good [capitalist](capitalism.md) (to which he self admitted in his podcast) he instantly turned 180 degrees against his own teaching as soon as he smelled the promotion money. Also he's shilling [crypto](crypto.md), he lets himself be paid for promoting extremely shitty webhosts in his web tutorials, he's anti-[porn](porn.md), anti-[games](game.md), anti-fun and leans towards medieval ideas such as "imagination and boredom being [harmful](harmful.md) because it makes you watch porn" etc. He went to huge [shit](shit.md), you wouldn't even believe. Though he even now still probably promotes [suckless](suckless.md) somehow, he isn't a programmer (shell scripting isn't programming) and sometimes doesn't seem to understand basic programming ideas (such as branchless programming), he's more of a typical [productivity](productivity_cult.md) retard. For Luke suckless is something more akin a brand he associated himself with, something he plays a mascot for because it provided him with a bit of personal convenience, this guy doesn't even care about deeper values it seems. As of 2023 he seems to have become obsessed with adopting a new identity of a turd in a very cheap suit, he literally looks like the door-to-door scam seller lol. All in all, a huge letdown. Of course, Luke is a [type B fail](fail_ab.md).
|
||||
|
||||
His videos consisted of normie-friendly tutorials on suckless software, rants, independent living, live-streams and podcasts. The typical Luke Smith video is him walking somewhere in the middle of a jungle talking about how retarded modern technology is and how everyone should move to the woods.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
1
main.md
1
main.md
|
|
@ -136,6 +136,7 @@ Are you a [noob](noob.md) but see our ideas as appealing and would like to join
|
|||
- That before refrigerators were invented people used so called ice houses to store food in cold temperatures? Ice house was kind of a cellar into which ice was put during winter and where it would last throughout whole summer until the next winter.
|
||||
- That [wifi](wifi.md) radiation causes [cancer](cancer.md)?
|
||||
- That David Hampson is a man who repeatedly commits the crime of standing in the middle of the road, lets himself be arrested and then refuses to speak a single word, then goes to jail and once released repeats this whole again? He is capable of talking, he just likes doing this. This is one of the most [based](based.md) things anyone has ever done.
|
||||
- That as early as 1907 it was possible to send photographs over long distances via telephone lines (basically [fax](fax.md) them) thanks to Belinographe? The photo was rotating on a cylinder where a beam of light was scanning it by lines and transmitting the reflected light intensity as electric current to the receiver who reversed the process to recreate the image.
|
||||
|
||||
## Topics
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -103,6 +103,7 @@ There exist many terms that are highly similar and can legitimately be used inte
|
|||
- **[imperative](imperative.md) paradigm** vs **procedural paradigm** vs **[procedural generation](procgen.md)**
|
||||
- **implementation defined behavior** vs **undefined behavior** vs **unspecified behavior**
|
||||
- **[infinite](infinity.md)** vs **[arbitrarily large/unbounded](unbounded.md)**
|
||||
- **intelligence** vs **[IQ](iq.md)**
|
||||
- **[Internet](internet.md)** vs **[web](web.md)**
|
||||
- **[Java](java.md)** vs **[JavaScript](js.md)**
|
||||
- **[kB/mB/gB/tB](memory_units.md)** vs **[KiB/MiB/GiB/TiB](memory_units.md)**
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
|||
# Optimism
|
||||
|
||||
Optimism is a [mental illness](disease.md) that manifests by refusing to accept the [truth](truth.md) because it's too hard or uncomfortable to bear. Optimism is always [evil](evil.md), it is the opium of the masses and plagues especially western society of the [21st century](21st_century.md), it makes people do nothing against a worsening situations because they accept the lie that things are actually fine rather than trying to fix them -- that's why the ruling bodies, such as governments and [corporations](corporation.md), always promote optimism, they want people to stay passive, blind, unaware and harmless. An optimist on board of a sinking ship will not try to do anything about the situation, he won't prepare a life boat or send distress calls, he will only close his eyes and ears to not see the disaster and many times will even attack those who refuse to do the same, accusing others of conspiracy theories and creating panic. An optimist in [dystopian society](capitalism.md) will not do anything to fix the situation, he will only keep repeating programmed phrases such as "it's not ideal but there are still good things", and so he'll end up collaborating with the system on [making it worse and worse](slowly_boiling_the_frog.md).
|
||||
Optimism (also called "positivity" etc.) is a [mental illness](disease.md) that manifests by refusing to accept [truths](truth.md) that are too hard or uncomfortable to bear. It is a voluntarily chosen cognitive bias by which one accepts to lie to oneself: in a situation where it's unclear whether A or B is true (and therefore we should continue to operate with the fact both outcomes are possible), an optimist will choose to declare one option as not true solely by the fact he would dislike if it was true, i.e. optimism literally by definition means choosing irrational beliefs out of mental weakness. Optimism is always [evil](evil.md), it is the opium of the masses and plagues especially western society of the [21st century](21st_century.md), it makes people do nothing against a worsening situations because they accept the lie that things are actually fine rather than trying to fix them -- that's why the ruling bodies, such as governments and [corporations](corporation.md), always promote optimism, they want people to stay passive, blind, unaware and harmless. An optimist on board of a sinking ship will not try to do anything about the situation, he won't prepare a life boat or send distress calls, he will only close his eyes and ears to not see the disaster and many times will even attack those who refuse to do the same, accusing others of conspiracy theories and creating panic. An optimist in [dystopian society](capitalism.md) will not do anything to fix the situation, he will only keep repeating programmed phrases such as "it's not ideal but there are still good things", and so he'll end up collaborating with the system on [making it worse and worse](slowly_boiling_the_frog.md).
|
||||
|
||||
## See Also
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
|
|||
|
||||
*The issue is not my language but your ego.*
|
||||
|
||||
Political correctness (abbreviated PC) stands for [pseudoleftist](pseudoleft.md) [censorship](censorship.md) and [propaganda](propaganda.md) forced into [language](human_language.md), thinking, [science](science.md), [art](art.md) and generally all of [culture](culture.md), officially justified as "[protecting](protection.md) people from getting [offended](offended_culture.md)". It's not just a way of social network [virtue signaling](virtue_signaling.md) but also a handy political tool serving mostly as a weapon and vehicle for [populism](populism.md), a concept allowing creation of [political capital](political_capital.md) by taking advantage of the events of the [second World War](ww2.md), similarly to how for example religious ideas are twisted and turned for justifying political decisions completely incompatible with the religion in question. Political correctness is [toxicity](toxic.md) forced into mainstream [culture](culture.md), it does an immense [harm](harmful.md) to society as it is an artificially invented "issue" that not only puts people and science under heavy control, surveillance, censorship and threat of punishment, normalizing such practice, but also destroys culture, freedom of art and research and creates a great conflict between those who conform and those who value truth, freedom of art, science and communication, not talking about burdening the whole society with yet another [competitive](competition.md) [bullshit](bullshit.md) that doesn't have to exist at all. Political correctness is mainly a political tool that allows elimination (so called [cancelling](cancel_culture.md)) and discrediting opposition of [pseudoleftist](pseudoleft.md) political movements and parties, as well as brainwashing and thought control (see e.g. [Newspeak](newspeak.md)), and as such is criticized both by rightists and leftists (see e.g. [leftypol](leftypol.md)).
|
||||
Political correctness (abbreviated PC, also *political cowardice*) stands for [pseudoleftist](pseudoleft.md) [censorship](censorship.md) and [propaganda](propaganda.md) forced into [language](human_language.md), thinking, [science](science.md), [art](art.md) and generally all of [culture](culture.md), officially justified as "[protecting](protection.md) people from getting [offended](offended_culture.md)". It's not just a way of social network [virtue signaling](virtue_signaling.md) but also a handy political tool serving mostly as a weapon and vehicle for [populism](populism.md), a concept allowing creation of [political capital](political_capital.md) by taking advantage of the events of the [second World War](ww2.md), similarly to how for example religious ideas are twisted and turned for justifying political decisions completely incompatible with the religion in question. Political correctness is [toxicity](toxic.md) forced into mainstream [culture](culture.md), it does an immense [harm](harmful.md) to society as it is an artificially invented "issue" that not only puts people and science under heavy control, surveillance, censorship and threat of punishment, normalizing such practice, but also destroys culture, freedom of art and research and creates a great conflict between those who conform and those who value truth, freedom of art, science and communication, not talking about burdening the whole society with yet another [competitive](competition.md) [bullshit](bullshit.md) that doesn't have to exist at all. Political correctness is mainly a political tool that allows elimination (so called [cancelling](cancel_culture.md)) and discrediting opposition of [pseudoleftist](pseudoleft.md) political movements and parties, as well as brainwashing and thought control (see e.g. [Newspeak](newspeak.md)), and as such is criticized both by rightists and leftists (see e.g. [leftypol](leftypol.md)).
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
|||
# Project
|
||||
|
||||
Project is a highly planned endeavor. TODO: moar
|
||||
Project is a highly planned, well thought through endeavor. All kinds of projects exist, from small personal ones (such as creating a piece of furniture), through professional projects conducted by teams of specialists which span several years (such as a mainstream AAA video [game](game.md)), to international megaprojects (such as the Suez Canal) and even perpetual projects which are never planned to be terminated (such as [Wikipedia](wikipedia.md)).
|
||||
|
||||
## How To Do Projects Well
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
@ -30,4 +30,8 @@ Also let it be said that everyone has to find his own way of doing projects, it'
|
|||
- **Don't expect or aim for any reward other than the finished project**, don't expect/chase [money](money.md), fame, gratitude, don't expect that anyone will notice or thank you for the project. You are making it only because you want something that doesn't yet exist to exist and that's the only reward you can and should ever expect. Firstly this makes your project [selfless](selflessness.md), secondly it makes it pure, non-corruptable, only dedicated to its goal and nothing else, thirdly it spares you suffering from failed expectations.
|
||||
- **When you're hard stuck, go away from it for a (possibly long) while.** As they say before making decisions: "sleep on it" (maybe even many times) -- there's something about letting your mind rest for a while that makes your subconsciousness solve things, or at least make you comprehend the issue better, see it from a different angle. Therefore when stuck, go do something else -- this is also why it's preferable to have several projects, but generally it's good to just take a break and do something meditative like going for a walk, making something out of wood, doing some sport, sleeping, listening to music and so on. Stop trying to solve the issue you had and just relax for a few days, maybe weeks. It is quite possible inspiration will come from somewhere, fresh air will help you think and maybe a solution will occur to you during this time [spontaneously](zen.md), but even if it doesn't, when you come back to the project you'll be very fresh, rested, your thoughts will be sorted, unimportant stuff filtered out, it's like you've got a different man on the task who will help the desperate past self. Sometimes you get back and immediately spot a simple and elegant solution. Really, this works like [magic](magic.md).
|
||||
- **Stop talking to everyone.** If you want to do something, you have to quit all social media, destroy your cellphone, uninstall all chatting programs etc. In times of breaks you may turn them on again, but if you're trying to do something while there are people around, you won't do anything, it's too much of a distraction. Basically put yourself in a situation when you're stranded on a desert island and there is nothing else to do save for your project, otherwise you'll keep constantly talking to people or at least checking what they're talking about and that's going to constantly interrupt your thinking.
|
||||
- ...
|
||||
- ...
|
||||
|
||||
## See Also
|
||||
|
||||
- [work](work.md)
|
||||
3657
random_page.md
3657
random_page.md
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load diff
|
|
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
|
|||
# Reddit
|
||||
|
||||
Le Reddit, established in 2005, [marketing](marketing.md) itself as the "frontpage of the [Internet](internet.md)", was an immensely successful, popular and also a quite enjoyable website for sharing links, ideas and leading discussions about them, before it got absolutely destroyed by [capitalists](capitalism.md) right before they year 2020. It used to be a forum with great amount of [free speech](free_speech.md) (see e.g. [beatingWomen subreddit](https://web.archive.org/web/20110429073233/reddit.com/r/beatingwomen)) and with quite enjoyable, plain user interface; in a swift turn of events however it flipped completely over and is now among the worst, most [censored](censorship.md) sites on the whole [web](www.md), a place [toxic](toxic.md) with [SJW](sjw.md) fumes and its site is literally unusable for the amount of [bloat](bloat.md) and [ads](marketing.md) it employs. Never visit the site again even if it's a matter of life and death.
|
||||
Le Reddit, established in 2005, [marketing](marketing.md) itself as the "frontpage of the [Internet](internet.md)", also known as the *Internet Superhero Headquarters*, was an immensely successful, popular and also a quite enjoyable website for sharing links, ideas and leading discussions about them, before it got absolutely destroyed by [capitalists](capitalism.md) right before they year 2020. It used to be a forum with great amount of [free speech](free_speech.md) (see e.g. [beatingWomen subreddit](https://web.archive.org/web/20110429073233/reddit.com/r/beatingwomen)) and with quite enjoyable, plain user interface; in a swift turn of events however it flipped completely over and is now among the worst, most [censored](censorship.md) sites on the whole [web](www.md), a place [toxic](toxic.md) with [SJW](sjw.md) fumes and its site is literally unusable for the amount of [bloat](bloat.md) and [ads](marketing.md) it employs. Never visit the site again even if it's a matter of life and death.
|
||||
|
||||
Reddit users are the kind of pseudorebels, wannabe Internet "superheroes" that copy paste all mainstream opinions into their brains and [repeat them without thinking](npc.md), the sort of absolutely insignificant (but the more harmful kind of) people who think they deserve a medal for changing a profile picture or sharing an "unpopular" opinion on [Facebook](facebook.md), like "I actually think [piracy](piracy.md) is not always bad! Take this [corporations](corporation.md)!". [Nowadays](21st_century.md) reddit users are already exclusively [SJWs](sjw.md), all the popular post are attempts at [virtue signaling](virtue_signaling.md) and circlejerking about [liberalism](liberalism.md), you'll find annoying propaganda inserted into absolutely unrelated subreddits, e.g. in a subreddit for sharing interesting pictures the all time top post will be something like a motivational tweet by Zelenski or some other [gay](gay.md) (of course there are now annoying sponsored posts inserted in too, literally makes you wanna [kill yourself](kys.md)). Very infamous are for example reddit [atheists](atheism.md) who are very enlightened by Neil De Grass documentaries, they don't understand how a medieval peasant could believe in irrational things, conform to orthodox preaching and participate in witch hunts, but if you suggest [removing the age of consent](pedophilia.md) or opposing [feminism](feminism.md) they pick up the torches and go full angry mob yelling "Stone that heretic to death!" That's because they're just trained to react to [key words](shortcut_thinking.md), they can't do much more. Again, they're just NPCs, don't expect any thought or brain activity.
|
||||
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
File diff suppressed because one or more lines are too long
154
wiki_stats.md
154
wiki_stats.md
|
|
@ -2,10 +2,10 @@
|
|||
|
||||
This is an autogenerated article holding stats about this wiki.
|
||||
|
||||
- number of articles: 616
|
||||
- number of commits: 952
|
||||
- total size of all texts in bytes: 4882951
|
||||
- total number of lines of article texts: 35820
|
||||
- number of articles: 617
|
||||
- number of commits: 953
|
||||
- total size of all texts in bytes: 4903653
|
||||
- total number of lines of article texts: 35864
|
||||
- number of script lines: 294
|
||||
- occurrences of the word "person": 9
|
||||
- occurrences of the word "nigger": 103
|
||||
|
|
@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ longest articles:
|
|||
|
||||
- [c_tutorial](c_tutorial.md): 128K
|
||||
- [exercises](exercises.md): 116K
|
||||
- [chess](chess.md): 96K
|
||||
- [chess](chess.md): 100K
|
||||
- [how_to](how_to.md): 76K
|
||||
- [capitalism](capitalism.md): 76K
|
||||
- [less_retarded_society](less_retarded_society.md): 68K
|
||||
|
|
@ -27,68 +27,86 @@ longest articles:
|
|||
- [3d_model](3d_model.md): 44K
|
||||
- [internet](internet.md): 40K
|
||||
- [main](main.md): 40K
|
||||
- [iq](iq.md): 40K
|
||||
- [bloat](bloat.md): 36K
|
||||
- [cheating](cheating.md): 36K
|
||||
- [raycasting](raycasting.md): 36K
|
||||
- [random_page](random_page.md): 32K
|
||||
- [game](game.md): 32K
|
||||
|
||||
top 50 5+ letter words:
|
||||
|
||||
- which (2695)
|
||||
- there (2123)
|
||||
- people (2005)
|
||||
- example (1665)
|
||||
- other (1525)
|
||||
- about (1341)
|
||||
- number (1299)
|
||||
- which (2710)
|
||||
- there (2135)
|
||||
- people (2019)
|
||||
- example (1673)
|
||||
- other (1535)
|
||||
- about (1349)
|
||||
- number (1300)
|
||||
- software (1234)
|
||||
- because (1077)
|
||||
- their (1041)
|
||||
- program (1022)
|
||||
- would (1016)
|
||||
- something (978)
|
||||
- being (966)
|
||||
- things (934)
|
||||
- language (915)
|
||||
- called (897)
|
||||
- simple (836)
|
||||
- because (1084)
|
||||
- their (1045)
|
||||
- program (1023)
|
||||
- would (1019)
|
||||
- something (987)
|
||||
- being (976)
|
||||
- things (941)
|
||||
- language (923)
|
||||
- called (899)
|
||||
- simple (839)
|
||||
- function (836)
|
||||
- computer (824)
|
||||
- without (822)
|
||||
- numbers (818)
|
||||
- however (765)
|
||||
- different (765)
|
||||
- programming (755)
|
||||
- these (749)
|
||||
- world (726)
|
||||
- system (712)
|
||||
- should (685)
|
||||
- doesn (683)
|
||||
- still (673)
|
||||
- games (661)
|
||||
- while (655)
|
||||
- point (650)
|
||||
- without (828)
|
||||
- computer (828)
|
||||
- numbers (819)
|
||||
- different (771)
|
||||
- however (766)
|
||||
- programming (756)
|
||||
- these (750)
|
||||
- world (728)
|
||||
- system (714)
|
||||
- should (687)
|
||||
- doesn (684)
|
||||
- still (677)
|
||||
- games (663)
|
||||
- while (656)
|
||||
- point (651)
|
||||
- society (639)
|
||||
- drummyfish (636)
|
||||
- society (635)
|
||||
- simply (631)
|
||||
- possible (618)
|
||||
- using (608)
|
||||
- probably (602)
|
||||
- always (595)
|
||||
- course (578)
|
||||
- similar (575)
|
||||
- simply (633)
|
||||
- possible (622)
|
||||
- using (610)
|
||||
- probably (604)
|
||||
- always (600)
|
||||
- course (580)
|
||||
- similar (579)
|
||||
- though (571)
|
||||
- https (570)
|
||||
- basically (561)
|
||||
- really (549)
|
||||
- actually (548)
|
||||
- someone (541)
|
||||
- memory (536)
|
||||
- basically (562)
|
||||
- really (557)
|
||||
- actually (552)
|
||||
- someone (545)
|
||||
- memory (539)
|
||||
|
||||
latest changes:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
Date: Sun Dec 29 21:34:26 2024 +0100
|
||||
ai.md
|
||||
binary.md
|
||||
capitalism.md
|
||||
chess.md
|
||||
corporation.md
|
||||
drummyfish.md
|
||||
free_software.md
|
||||
hacking.md
|
||||
hexadecimal.md
|
||||
hitler.md
|
||||
iq.md
|
||||
nigeria.md
|
||||
optimism.md
|
||||
phd.md
|
||||
random_page.md
|
||||
wiki_pages.md
|
||||
wiki_stats.md
|
||||
Date: Wed Dec 25 22:45:31 2024 +0100
|
||||
homelessness.md
|
||||
loquendo.md
|
||||
|
|
@ -104,24 +122,6 @@ Date: Wed Dec 25 22:45:31 2024 +0100
|
|||
wiki_pages.md
|
||||
wiki_stats.md
|
||||
Date: Sat Dec 21 22:38:23 2024 +0100
|
||||
21st_century.md
|
||||
anarchism.md
|
||||
ashley_jones.md
|
||||
game.md
|
||||
homelessness.md
|
||||
people.md
|
||||
random_page.md
|
||||
usa.md
|
||||
wiki_pages.md
|
||||
wiki_stats.md
|
||||
wikipedia.md
|
||||
Date: Sat Dec 21 16:23:45 2024 +0100
|
||||
90s.md
|
||||
czechia.md
|
||||
egoism.md
|
||||
faq.md
|
||||
free_software.md
|
||||
freedom.md
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
most wanted pages:
|
||||
|
|
@ -143,27 +143,27 @@ most wanted pages:
|
|||
- [pointer](pointer.md) (9)
|
||||
- [html](html.md) (9)
|
||||
- [emacs](emacs.md) (9)
|
||||
- [brute_force](brute_force.md) (9)
|
||||
- [syntax](syntax.md) (8)
|
||||
- [nazi](nazi.md) (8)
|
||||
- [gpl](gpl.md) (8)
|
||||
|
||||
most popular and lonely pages:
|
||||
|
||||
- [lrs](lrs.md) (324)
|
||||
- [capitalism](capitalism.md) (285)
|
||||
- [capitalism](capitalism.md) (287)
|
||||
- [c](c.md) (234)
|
||||
- [bloat](bloat.md) (227)
|
||||
- [free_software](free_software.md) (194)
|
||||
- [game](game.md) (148)
|
||||
- [game](game.md) (147)
|
||||
- [suckless](suckless.md) (146)
|
||||
- [proprietary](proprietary.md) (132)
|
||||
- [minimalism](minimalism.md) (114)
|
||||
- [modern](modern.md) (112)
|
||||
- [censorship](censorship.md) (112)
|
||||
- [modern](modern.md) (111)
|
||||
- [kiss](kiss.md) (108)
|
||||
- [computer](computer.md) (108)
|
||||
- [fun](fun.md) (104)
|
||||
- [programming](programming.md) (102)
|
||||
- [programming](programming.md) (103)
|
||||
- [math](math.md) (101)
|
||||
- [gnu](gnu.md) (98)
|
||||
- [linux](linux.md) (96)
|
||||
|
|
@ -172,11 +172,11 @@ most popular and lonely pages:
|
|||
- [bullshit](bullshit.md) (94)
|
||||
- [woman](woman.md) (91)
|
||||
- [hacking](hacking.md) (90)
|
||||
- [art](art.md) (89)
|
||||
- [corporation](corporation.md) (88)
|
||||
- [less_retarded_society](less_retarded_society.md) (87)
|
||||
- [corporation](corporation.md) (87)
|
||||
- [art](art.md) (87)
|
||||
- [free_culture](free_culture.md) (86)
|
||||
- [chess](chess.md) (84)
|
||||
- [chess](chess.md) (85)
|
||||
- [public_domain](public_domain.md) (83)
|
||||
- [pseudoleft](pseudoleft.md) (83)
|
||||
- ...
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
Loading…
Reference in a new issue