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Miloslav Ciz 2023-10-21 13:14:08 +02:00
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deep_blue.md
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@ -8,5 +8,8 @@ History: it all started around 1985 as a program called ChipTest by some Taiwane
It's important to see that Deep Blue wasn't really a general chess engine like [stockfish](stockfish.md), it was a single purpose supercomputer, a combination of [hardware](hw.md) and [software](sw.md) engineered from the ground up with the single purpose: win the match against Garry Kasparov. It was being fine tuned in between the games with assistance of grandmasters. A team of experts on computers and chess focused their efforts on this single opponent at the specific time controls and match set up, rather than trying to make a generally usable chess computer. They studied Kasparov's play and made Deep Blue ready for it; they even employed psychological tricks -- for example it had preprogrammed instant responses to some Kasparov's expected moves, so as to make him more nervous.
Technical details: Deep Blue was mainly relying on massively parallel [brute force](brute_force.md), i.e. looking many moves ahead and consulting stored databases of games; in 1997 it had some 11 [GFLOPS](flops.md). The base computer was IBM RS/6000 SP, using 32 [PowerPC](ppc.md) processors and 480 specialized "chess chips". It had evaluation function implemented in hardware. All in all the whole system could search hundreds of millions positions per second. Non-extended search was performed to a depth of about 12 plies, extended search went even over 40 plies deep. It had an opening book with about 4000 positions and endgame tablebases for up to 6 pieces. It was programmed in [C](c.md). { Sources seems to sometimes give different numbers and specs, so not exactly sure about this. ~drummyfish }
Technical details: Deep Blue was mainly relying on massively parallel [brute force](brute_force.md), i.e. looking many moves ahead and consulting stored databases of games; in 1997 it had some 11 [GFLOPS](flops.md). The base computer was IBM RS/6000 SP (taking two cabinets) with IBM AIX [operating system](operating_system.md), using 32 [PowerPC](ppc.md) 200 MHz processors and 480 specialized "chess chips". It had evaluation function implemented in hardware. All in all the whole system could search hundreds of millions positions per second. Non-extended search was performed to a depth of about 12 plies, extended search went even over 40 plies deep. It had an opening book with about 4000 positions and endgame tablebases for up to 6 pieces. It was programmed in [C](c.md). { Sources seems to sometimes give different numbers and specs, so not exactly sure about this. ~drummyfish }
## See Also
- [stockfish](stockfish.md)