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recursion.md

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 Recursion (from Latin recursio, "running back") in general is a situation in which a [definition](definition.md) refers to itself; for example the definition of a human's ancestor as "the human's parents and the ancestors of his parents" ([fractals](fractal.md) are also very nice example of what a simple recursive definition can achieve). In [programming](programming.md) recursion denotes a **[function](function.md) that calls itself**; this is the meaning we'll assume in this article unless noted otherwise.
 
+{ Perhaps an analogy to this kind of recursion may be an "Inception"-style multi level dreams: imagine having a dream in a dream in a dream ... and so on -- and then at one point you start waking up, always getting back to where you were in each of the dreams, and so on until you completely wake up. --drummyfish }
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 We divide recursion to a **direct** and **indirect** one. In direct recursion the function calls itself directly, in indirect  function *A* calls a function *B* which ends up (even possibly by calling some more functions) calling *A* again. Indirect recursion is tricky because it may appear by mistake and cause a [bug](bug.md) (which is nevertheless easily noticed as the program will mostly run out of memory and crash).
 
 When a function calls itself, it starts "diving" deeper and deeper and in most situations we want this to stop at some point, so in most cases **a recursion has to contain a terminating condition**. Without this condition the recursion will keep recurring and end up in an equivalent of an infinite loop (which in case of recursion will however crash the program with a [stack overflow](stack_overflow.md) exception). Let's see this on perhaps the most typical example of using recursion, a [factorial](factorial.md) function: