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# Backgammon
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# Backgammon
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Backgammon is an old, very popular board [game](game.md) of both skill and chance (dice rolling). It often involves betting and is especially popular in countries of Near East such as Egypt, Syria etc. (where it is kind of what [chess](chess.md) is to our western world or what [shogi](shogi.md) and [go](go.md) are to Asia). Similarly to [chess](chess.md), [go](go.md), [shogi](shogi.md) and other traditional board games backgammon is considered by [us](lrs.md) to be one of the best games as it is [owned by no one](public_domain.md), highly [free](free.md), cheap, simple yet deep and entertaining and can be played even without a [computer](computer.md), just with a bunch of [rocks](rock.md); compared to the other mentioned board games backgammon is unique by involving an element of chance and being only played on [1 dimensional](1d.md) board; it is also relatively simple and therefore noob-friendly and possibly more relaxed (if you lose you can just blame it on rolling bad numbers).
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Backgammon is an old, very popular board [game](game.md) of both skill and [chance](randomness.md) (dice rolling) in which players race their stones from one side of the board to the other. It often involves betting (but can also be played without it) and is especially popular in countries of Near East such as Egypt, Syria etc. (where it is kind of what [chess](chess.md) is to our western world or what [shogi](shogi.md) and [go](go.md) are to Asia). It is a very old game whose predecessors were played by old Romans and can be traced even as far as 3000 BC. Similarly to [chess](chess.md), [go](go.md), [shogi](shogi.md) and other traditional board games backgammon is considered by [us](lrs.md) to be one of the best games as it is [owned by no one](public_domain.md), highly [free](free.md), cheap, simple yet deep and entertaining and can be played even without a [computer](computer.md), just with a bunch of [rocks](rock.md); compared to the other mentioned board games backgammon is unique by involving an element of chance and being only played on [1 dimensional](1d.md) board; it is also relatively simple and therefore noob-friendly and possibly more relaxed (if you lose you can just blame it on rolling bad numbers).
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TODO
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## Rules
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Here we'll summarize the common rules, keep in mind there may be some variations, like extra rules on competitive level and so on. The rules seem quite complex and arbitrary at first, but by playing you'll see they're really pretty simple and sometimes quite intuitive (furthermore the game, at least on casual level, mostly doesn't require such hard thinking as e.g. chess, so it even feels more relaxed, you can focus on the rules well).
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There are **two players**, black and white, each moving circular stone discs, or just **stones** of his color, here we'll use `{#` for black stones and `(O` for white ones. There are **two six sided dice** in the game. The board has **24 places** (vertical lines, traditionally drawn as long triangles) which stones can occupy. The following shows the board, the initial setup of stones, the directions in which players move and their goals.
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```
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```
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___________________________
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black's direction
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|{# ; ; ;(O ; |(O ; ; ; ;{# |
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.------------ - - - -
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|{# : : :(O : |(O : : : :{# |
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| ___________________________
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|{# . . .(O . |(O . . . . . |
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| |{# ; ; ;(O ; |(O ; ; ; ;{# | white's goal
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|{# . . . . . |(O . . . . . |
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| |{# : : :(O : |(O : : : :{# |
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|{# |(O |
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| |{# . . .(O . |(O . . . . . |
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V |{# . . . . . |(O . . . . . |
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|(O |{# |
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|{# |(O |
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|(O . . . . . |{# . . . . . |
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|(O . . .{# . |{# . . . . . |
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|(O |{# |
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|(O : : :{# : |{# : : : ;(O |
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^ |(O . . . . . |{# . . . . . |
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|(O ; ; ;{# ; |{# ; ; ; ;(O |
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| |(O . . .{# . |{# . . . . . |
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"""""""""""""""""""""""""""
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| |(O : : :{# : |{# : : : ;(O |
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| |(O ; ; ;{# ; |{# ; ; ; ;(O | black's goal
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| """""""""""""""""""""""""""
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'------------ - - - -
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white's direction
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```
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```
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*Initial board state.*
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The **goal** of each player is to get all his stones to his goal -- the goal is one place beyond the last place on the board in the direction of his movement. Whoever does this the first wins.
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The first six places on one's path are called the **home board**, the last six are called the **outer board**.
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At start both players roll the dice (each one rolls one), whoever rolls the bigger number starts and has to use (details below) the numbers that were just rolled for his first turn (if the numbers were the same, they roll again). After the first player finishes his round, the other player rolls both dice, makes his turn, then the first player does the same again and so on, the players just take turns in rolling dice and playing.
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A **turn** is played by rolling the two dice, resulting in numbers *X* (one die) and *Y* (the other one). The player then moves two stones (he can choose which), one by *X* places, the other by *Y* places. He can also move the same stone, but the move still counts as moving twice, i.e. first moving the stone by *X*, then moving it again by *Y*, or vice versa (this may be important in regards to rules explained later). If *X* and *Y* are the same, the numbers are doubled, so the player gets 4 numbers to play: *X*, *X*, *X*, *X* -- for example rolling 2 and 2, the player can move 4 stones, each by 2, or 1 stone by 8 (in separate steps) or 1 stone by 2 and other one by 6 and so on. Moves cannot be skipped by choice, the player has to move "as much as he can", i.e. if he can at least partially use the numbers he rolled, he has to (also if there is a choice between higher and lower number rolled, he has to use the higher number etc.).
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**Movement**: players move their stones in opposite directions by the number of steps they roll, in a kind of horseshoe shaped path (as shown above -- topologically the board is just a 1D line, it's just curved to nicely fill the board) -- notice that on one end the stones jump from one side of the board to the other side. Stones can walk over stones of same color and can even stay on the same place -- if more than one stones occupy the same place, they are "stacked" and protected against being taken. A stone can move over enemy stones (even if multiple stacked enemy stones), but can end on such place only if there is exactly one enemy stone, in which case it is taken -- it is removed and placed in the middle of the board. Remember that a stone that is moving by a sum of rolled numbers counts as several discrete moves, so if a stone is moving e.g. by 3 + 3 steps, it's not the same as moving by 6 because after the first 3 steps taken it mustn't land on stacked enemy stones (but it can land on one enemy stone and take it).
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A stone that's been taken (placed in the middle of the board) is seen as being one place before the player's starting place (the opposite of one's goal), and can be returned to the game (appearing in the enemy home board) -- in fact it HAS TO be returned to the game before any other move can be made by the player whose stone it is, i.e. if a player has any stones out of the game because the opponent has taken them, he cannot move any other stones until he returns all his stones back to the game.
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Once the player has all his stones in the enemy home board, he can start **bearing off**, i.e. getting the stones to the goal (i.e. before this his stones aren't allowed to reach the goal). The goal is seen as a place one after the final board square in the direction of the player's movement -- if the stone gets to the goal, it is placed on the board border. Here there are a bit more complex rules: normally a stone may reach the goal only if it steps on it exactly, i.e. a stone on the very last place can only get to the goal by rolling 1, the stone before it by rolling 2 etc. However the stone furthest away from the goal may also use a value higher than this, i.e. if there is a stone 3 places before the goal AND it is the last one back, it may finish with 3, 4, 5 or 6. During bearing off the player may also use the lower rolled value first, even if it wouldn't fully utilize the higher value (exception to a rule mentioned above).
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## Details
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Despite chance playing some role, skill is highly important and there exist strategies and tactics that maximize once chance of winning -- for example a basic realization is that the different sums you may roll don't have the same probabilities, e.g. 8 can be achieved by 2 + 6 or 2 + 2 + 2 + 2, but 3 only as 2 + 1 -- one can account for this. The highest probability to take the enemy stone with one's own stone is when the stones are 6 places apart. Taking enemy stone while having own stones stacked in all places in enemy home board makes opponent unable to play (he is required to return the stone to play but there is no number that can do it for him). There is also some opening theory.
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The game is internationally governed by WBGF (World Backgammon Federation), similarly to how chess is governed by FIDE.
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Who was the **best player ever**? There doesn't seem to be a clear consensus, but Masayuki Mochizuki (Japan) seems to come up very often as an answer to the question, other names include Paul Magriel, Nack Ballard etc.
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Backgammon was the first board game in which the world champion at the time (Luigi Villa) was defeated by [computer](computer.md) -- this happened in 1979. This was perhaps thanks to the element of chance.
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As for backgammon **computer engines** the best [free as in freedom](free_software.md) one seems to be [GNU](gnu.md) backgammon, using [neural networks](neural_network.md), apparently beyond the strength of best human players. The Extreme Gammon engine is probably a bit stronger (currently said to be the strongest) but it is [proprietary](proprietary.md) and therefore unusable.
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Some statistics about the game: there are 18528584051601162496 legal positions. Average branching factor (considering all possible dice rolls) is very high, somewhere around 400, which is likely why space search isn't as effective as in chess and why neural networks greatly prevail. Average number of moves in a game seem to be slightly above 20.
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TODO
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chess.md
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On **perfect play**: as stated, chess is unlikely to be ever solved so it is unknown if chess is a theoretical forced draw or forced win for white (or even win for black), however many simplified endgames and some simpler chess variants have already been solved. Even if chess was ever solved, it is important to realize one thing: **perfect play may be unsuitable for humans** and so even if chess was ever solved, it might have no significant effect on the game played by humans. Imagine the following: we have a chess position in which we are deciding between move *A* and move *B*. We know that playing *A* leads to a very good position in which white has great advantage and easy play (many obvious good moves), however if black plays perfectly he can secure a draw here. We also know that if we play *B* and then play perfectly for the next 100 moves, we will win with mathematical certainty, but if we make just one incorrect move during those 100 moves, we will get to a decisively losing position. While computer will play move *B* here because it is sure it can play perfectly, it is probably better to play *A* for human because human is very likely to make mistakes (even a master). For this reason humans may willingly choose to play mathematically worse moves -- it is because a slightly worse move may lead to a safer and more comfortable play for a human.
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On **perfect play**: as stated, chess is unlikely to be ever solved so it is unknown if chess is a theoretical forced draw or forced win for white (or even win for black), however many simplified endgames and some simpler chess variants have already been solved. Even if chess was ever solved, it is important to realize one thing: **perfect play may be unsuitable for humans** and so even if chess was ever solved, it might have no significant effect on the game played by humans. Imagine the following: we have a chess position in which we are deciding between move *A* and move *B*. We know that playing *A* leads to a very good position in which white has great advantage and easy play (many obvious good moves), however if black plays perfectly he can secure a draw here. We also know that if we play *B* and then play perfectly for the next 100 moves, we will win with mathematical certainty, but if we make just one incorrect move during those 100 moves, we will get to a decisively losing position. While computer will play move *B* here because it is sure it can play perfectly, it is probably better to play *A* for human because human is very likely to make mistakes (even a master). For this reason humans may willingly choose to play mathematically worse moves -- it is because a slightly worse move may lead to a safer and more comfortable play for a human.
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Fun fact: there seem to be **almost no black people in [chess](chess.md)** :D the strongest one seems to be Pontus Carlsson which rates number 1618 in the world; even [women](woman.md) seem to be much better at chess than black people. But how about black women? [LMAO](lmao.md), it seems like there haven't even been any black female masters :'D The web is BLURRY on these facts, but there seems to be a huge excitement about one black female, called Rochelle Ballantyne, who at nearly 30 years old has been sweating for a decade to reach the lowest master rank (the one which the nasty oppressive white boys get at like 10 years old) and MAYBE SHE'LL DO IT, she seems to have with all her effort and support of the whole Earth overcome the 2000 rating, something that thousands of amateurs on the net just causally do every day without even trying too much. But of course, it's cause of the white male oppression =3 lel
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## Chess And Computers
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## Chess And Computers
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{ [This](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DpXy041BIlA) is an absolutely amazing video about weird chess algorithms :) ~drummyfish }
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{ [This](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DpXy041BIlA) is an absolutely amazing video about weird chess algorithms :) ~drummyfish }
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# Disease
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# Disease
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TODO
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Disease is a bad state of living organism's health caused by failure of its inner mechanisms rather than being directly caused by a physical injury. Technological and consoomerist diseases are mental diseases almost exclusively present in humans (but also possibly in some animals forced to live like humans) related to [shit technology](capitalist_technology.md). Some of the most common diseases, mostly of the technological kind but also of others, include:
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The following is a list of common diseases.
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- [assholism](assertiveness.md)
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- [audiophilia](audiophilia.md)
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- [audiophilia](audiophilia.md)
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- [autism](autism.md)
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- [cancer](cancer.md)
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- [cancer](cancer.md)
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- [capitalism](capitalism.md)
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- [capitalism](capitalism.md)
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- [data hoarding](data_hoarding.md)
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- [data hoarding](data_hoarding.md)
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- [depression](depression.md)
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- [depression](depression.md)
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- [egoism](egoism.md)
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- [egoism](egoism.md)
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- [Emacs](emacs.md)
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- [furry](furry.md) disorder
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- [furry](furry.md) disorder
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- [homosexuality](gay.md)
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- [homosexuality](gay.md)
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- hopping:
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- hopping:
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- [git hopping](git_hopping.md)
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- [git hopping](git_hopping.md)
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- [language hopping](language_hopping.md) and [paradigm hopping](paradigm_hopping.md)
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- [language hopping](language_hopping.md) and [paradigm hopping](paradigm_hopping.md)
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- [license hopping](license_hopping.md)
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- [license hopping](license_hopping.md)
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- ...
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- lack of [IQ](iq.md)
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- [maximalism](maximalism.md)
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- [narcissism](narcissism.md)
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- [nationalism](nationalism.md)
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- [nationalism](nationalism.md)
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- [NPC](npc.md) disease
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- [NPC](npc.md) disease
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- obsessive [object obsession](oop.md)
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- [object obsession](oop.md)
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- obsessive [privacy](privacy.md) obsession
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- obsessive [privacy](privacy.md) obsession
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- [pride](pride.md)
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- [retardation](retarded.md)
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- [retardation](retarded.md)
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- [schizophrenia](schizo.md)
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- [schizophrenia](schizo.md)
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- [troll personality disorder](troll_personality_disorder.md)
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- [troll personality disorder](troll_personality_disorder.md)
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**Why are rich people dumb and smart people poor?** Let's clarify this because there is a very common misconception, purposefully established by capitalist propaganda, that rich people are smart and vice versa, while the opposite is always true. Firstly succeeding on the market is basically just lottery, it's more about luck than anything else -- no one can predict the market, it's literally about betting on the right card and then being in many right places at right times. At best if anything gives you better odds, it's having a starting capital, knowing someone in the business, living in a good location etc., but not being smart. No matter what anyone tells you, business is at best an educated bet and a businessman is at best as smart as your average slot machine addict. Now of course, just by statistics, the few people who win the lottery are likely to fall in the majority, i.e. around the average IQ. This is additionally further biased towards lower IQ because success in business is actually favored by lower IQ for a number of reasons. One of them is a stupider man is going to make just plain stupid big risks, have the capitalism-aligned short term mindset, and making stupid risks is how you more likely win the game -- it is also how you more likely lose, but no one cares about the losers, these just disappear. It's like seeing what kind of people survive running through a minefield -- you will find only retards make it because only a retard would attempt it; many of them will die but some manage to run through by sheer luck, while all the smart people just retain from even trying to run through the mine field. That's why so many of the famous rich guys always made some hilariously risky moves like selling everything they had and putting it into their business -- that's just extremely retarded, only 1 in a million will succeed like that, but of course by survivorship bias you will only hear about those who succeed like this so they look smart (plus they will pay for their own propaganda painting them as smart), but no, it's still incredibly stupid. Furthermore success in business is about lack of morality to which intelligence is an obstacle -- an intelligent man sees that investing in some business will e.g. lead to someone in the third world dying, so for a smart man doing business is literally as if he had to murder people for money, which most normal people wouldn't do, but with the extra layer of indirection stupid people can't see the harm they do to others and they happily murder people without even realizing it. Again, this is why the rich guys are incredibly stupid assholes behaving like angry aggressive chimpanzees to their employees, like for example [Steve Jobs](steve_jobs.md) or [Elon Musk](elon_musk.md), they just lack brain cells that you need for empathy. Yet another reason why smart people aren't rich is simply that they see that pursuing money is incredibly retarded, it's just satisfying low material and social needs, it's just like overeating, drug addiction or gambling, it's an arbitrarily set unhealthy goal that achieves nothing but waste one's life on counting pieces of green paper while doing bullshit and immense harm as a side effect, smart people see through this, they want something more from life, they want to spend time with their family, create something that helps others, make art and so on, so they just won't go after money and they even turn down money if they can have it (see e.g. Grigori Perelman).
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**Why are rich people dumb and smart people poor?** Let's clarify this because there is a very common misconception, purposefully established by capitalist propaganda, that rich people are smart and vice versa, while the opposite is always true. Firstly succeeding on the market is basically just lottery, it's more about luck than anything else -- no one can predict the market, it's literally about betting on the right card and then being in many right places at right times. At best if anything gives you better odds, it's having a starting capital, knowing someone in the business, living in a good location etc., but not being smart. No matter what anyone tells you, business is at best an educated bet and a businessman is at best as smart as your average slot machine addict. Now of course, just by statistics, the few people who win the lottery are likely to fall in the majority, i.e. around the average IQ. This is additionally further biased towards lower IQ because success in business is actually favored by lower IQ for a number of reasons. One of them is a stupider man is going to make just plain stupid big risks, have the capitalism-aligned short term mindset, and making stupid risks is how you more likely win the game -- it is also how you more likely lose, but no one cares about the losers, these just disappear. It's like seeing what kind of people survive running through a minefield -- you will find only retards make it because only a retard would attempt it; many of them will die but some manage to run through by sheer luck, while all the smart people just retain from even trying to run through the mine field. That's why so many of the famous rich guys always made some hilariously risky moves like selling everything they had and putting it into their business -- that's just extremely retarded, only 1 in a million will succeed like that, but of course by survivorship bias you will only hear about those who succeed like this so they look smart (plus they will pay for their own propaganda painting them as smart), but no, it's still incredibly stupid. Furthermore success in business is about lack of morality to which intelligence is an obstacle -- an intelligent man sees that investing in some business will e.g. lead to someone in the third world dying, so for a smart man doing business is literally as if he had to murder people for money, which most normal people wouldn't do, but with the extra layer of indirection stupid people can't see the harm they do to others and they happily murder people without even realizing it. Again, this is why the rich guys are incredibly stupid assholes behaving like angry aggressive chimpanzees to their employees, like for example [Steve Jobs](steve_jobs.md) or [Elon Musk](elon_musk.md), they just lack brain cells that you need for empathy. Yet another reason why smart people aren't rich is simply that they see that pursuing money is incredibly retarded, it's just satisfying low material and social needs, it's just like overeating, drug addiction or gambling, it's an arbitrarily set unhealthy goal that achieves nothing but waste one's life on counting pieces of green paper while doing bullshit and immense harm as a side effect, smart people see through this, they want something more from life, they want to spend time with their family, create something that helps others, make art and so on, so they just won't go after money and they even turn down money if they can have it (see e.g. Grigori Perelman).
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{ Coincidentally after I wrote this I saw some "REAL STUDY" (as in peer censored etc.) which concluded income is slightly positively correlated with IQ, which is probably true around the average middle IQ (a slightly smarter wage slave will make a bit more money by pressing buttons on a computer than a wage slave moving crates), however the study also noted that by far the few richest individuals that took part in the study (probably some CEOs, they were literally sky high in the graph) were all quite significantly BELOW 100 IQ :D So now it's also official. ~drummyfish }
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## Real Genius VS Pseudogenius
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## Real Genius VS Pseudogenius
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Most people are called a genius nowadays -- any recent so called "genius" (such as [Steve Jobs](steve_jobs.md)) is in fact most likely of below average IQ; just barely above mediocre idea someone comes up with by chance will be celebrated as that of a genius, **real genius ideas will be met with hostility**; real genius ideas are too good and too far ahead and unacceptable to normal people. Furthermore success in [business](business.md) requires lack of intelligence so as to be unable to see the consequences of one's actions. Your cat watching you solve Riemann hypothesis will not even know what's happening, to it you are a retard wasting time on sliding a stick over table, on the other hand the cat will judge a monkey capable of opening a can of cat food a genius. Society is composed solely of idiots, they can only see if someone is a tiny bit better at what they do than them, and those they celebrate, if you are light years ahead of them they don't even have the capacity to comprehend how good you are at what you do because they can't even comprehend the thing you do. This includes even [PhD](phd.md)s and people with several Nobel Prizes, everyone except the few supporters of [LRS](lrs.md) are just blind idiots playing along with the system, some lucky to succeed in it and some not. This is why shit technology is prospering and [LRS](lrs.md) is being overlooked. It's just another confirmation our ideas as superior.
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Most people are called a genius nowadays -- any recent so called "genius" (such as [Steve Jobs](steve_jobs.md)) is in fact most likely of below average IQ; just barely above mediocre idea someone comes up with by chance will be celebrated as that of a genius, **real genius ideas will be met with hostility**; real genius ideas are too good and too far ahead and unacceptable to normal people. Furthermore success in [business](business.md) requires lack of intelligence so as to be unable to see the consequences of one's actions. Your cat watching you solve Riemann hypothesis will not even know what's happening, to it you are a retard wasting time on sliding a stick over table, on the other hand the cat will judge a monkey capable of opening a can of cat food a genius. Society is composed solely of idiots, they can only see if someone is a tiny bit better at what they do than them, and those they celebrate, if you are light years ahead of them they don't even have the capacity to comprehend how good you are at what you do because they can't even comprehend the thing you do. This includes even [PhD](phd.md)s and people with several Nobel Prizes, everyone except the few supporters of [LRS](lrs.md) are just blind idiots playing along with the system, some lucky to succeed in it and some not. This is why shit technology is prospering and [LRS](lrs.md) is being overlooked. It's just another confirmation our ideas as superior.
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Consider this analogy (yes, analogies are good): in a race you can only see those who are plus or minus 20 meters away from you, you can assess everyone else's position only by someone else telling you, so if someone is 50 meters ahead of you, you can know but only by someone ahead of you telling you that someone ahead of him told him he saw him there. Now since there are many fewer of high IQ people, they have lower probability of being recognized, simply since there are few people capable of recognizing them -- in mainstream places like Universities you still likely will be recognized as there are smart people around, and the knowledge of your genius will be chain propagated to the mainstream monkeys, but if you're a genius outside a mainstream place, the chance is almost zero you will be recognized. With this mainstream will simply lack information about your intelligence, they will only see a question mark above your head -- they know you're not average, because averages get recognized very quickly, everyone can assess those -- so now they know you're either really smart or really dumb, and since you don't fit the false, twisted idea of mainstream pseudogenius (being rich, famous, ...), they will conclude you belong to the latter class, i.e. that you're a retard. Note that average IQ entrepreneurs will still manage to be called geniuses simply by deception, they create the image of pseudogenius, they will pay smart people to tell others they are smart, they will buy or steal authorship of things that were invented by others etc.
|
Consider this analogy (yes, analogies are good): in a race you can only see those who are plus or minus 20 meters away from you, you can assess everyone else's position only by someone else telling you, so if someone is 50 meters ahead of you, you can know but only by someone ahead of you telling you that someone ahead of him told him he saw him there way up in the front. Now since there are many fewer of high IQ people, they have lower probability of being recognized, simply because there are few people capable of recognizing them -- in mainstream places like Universities you still likely will be recognized as there are smart people around, and the knowledge of your genius will be chain propagated to the mainstream monkeys, but if you're a genius outside a mainstream place, the chance is almost zero you will be recognized (and if you're smart you will probably also not try to be recognized, only retards do that). With this mainstream will simply lack information about your intelligence, they will only see a question mark above your head -- they know you're not average, because averages get recognized very quickly, everyone can assess those -- so now they know you're either really smart or really dumb, and since you don't fit the false, twisted idea of mainstream pseudogenius (being rich, famous, ...), they will conclude you belong to the latter class, i.e. that you're a retard. Note that the same effect manifests also with the pseudogenius, just in the opposite way -- the dumbest people, like [CEOs](ceo.md), are too far away from the average (now towards lower values), so the mainstream isn't sure about their intelligence; here however the CEO applies manipulation, he has the money to pay for a biography book that paints him as a genius, he can pay someone to write him speeches so that he appears to say smart things, he pays people to invent things signed by his name, or he simply steals them with the power of money (Edison, Jobs, ...) etc., so he ends up being taken for genius, despite actually being dumber than many animals (even a dog has enough brain cells to feel for example empathy, something way too complex for a CEO).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
{ The short story *Country of the Blind* by H. G. Wells is a nice story about this phenomenon of too much competence being seen as a lack of competence, illustrated on a story of a completely healthy man who finds himself in a village of people who are all blind. ~drummyfish }
|
{ The short story *Country of the Blind* by H. G. Wells is a nice story about this phenomenon of too much competence being seen as a lack of competence, illustrated on a story of a completely healthy man who finds himself in a village of people who are all blind. ~drummyfish }
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
1
lmao.md
1
lmao.md
|
@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ On this wiki we kind of use LMAO as a synonym to [LULZ](lulz.md) as used on Ency
|
||||||
- { At my uni a professor told us some guy turned in an assignment program but forgot to remove the debug prints. The fun part was he was using prints such as "my dick is X cm long" where X was the debug value. So beware of that. ~drummyfish }
|
- { At my uni a professor told us some guy turned in an assignment program but forgot to remove the debug prints. The fun part was he was using prints such as "my dick is X cm long" where X was the debug value. So beware of that. ~drummyfish }
|
||||||
- { Some time in May 2023 I've seen a guy try to upload a "2D game sprite" to [opengameart](opengameart.md) but accidentally uploading a screenshot of him asking ChatGPT how to make a game in Python lol. ~drummyfish }
|
- { Some time in May 2023 I've seen a guy try to upload a "2D game sprite" to [opengameart](opengameart.md) but accidentally uploading a screenshot of him asking ChatGPT how to make a game in Python lol. ~drummyfish }
|
||||||
- Some people believe there is a fictional whole number between 6 and 7 called [thrembo](thrembo.md).
|
- Some people believe there is a fictional whole number between 6 and 7 called [thrembo](thrembo.md).
|
||||||
|
- In 2024 the twitter account of Greta Thunberg's father, Svante Thunberg, was hijacked by soyjak.party and started posting some funny stuff about [niggas](nigger.md), telling Greta she was adopted, offending journalists in DMs and so on.
|
||||||
- ...
|
- ...
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## See Also
|
## See Also
|
||||||
|
|
2
prime.md
2
prime.md
|
@ -84,6 +84,8 @@ There also exists a term **pseudoprime** -- it stands for a number which is not
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
**Prime gaps**: statistically gaps between consecutive primes increase. The size of the gaps themselves make another number sequence that starts like this 1, 2, 2, 4, 2, 4, 2, 4, 6, 2, 6, 4, 2, 4, 6, 6, 2, 6, 4, 2, 6, 4, 6, 8, 4, 2, 4, 2, 4, 14, 4, 6, 2, 10, 2, 6, 6, 4, 6, 6, 2, 10, 2, 4, 2, 12, 12, 4, 2, 4, 6, 2, 10, 6, 6, 6, 2, 6, 4, 2, 10, 14, 4, 2, 4, 14, 6, 10, 2, 4, 6, 8, 6, 6, 4, 6, 8, 4, 8, 10.
|
**Prime gaps**: statistically gaps between consecutive primes increase. The size of the gaps themselves make another number sequence that starts like this 1, 2, 2, 4, 2, 4, 2, 4, 6, 2, 6, 4, 2, 4, 6, 6, 2, 6, 4, 2, 6, 4, 6, 8, 4, 2, 4, 2, 4, 14, 4, 6, 2, 10, 2, 6, 6, 4, 6, 6, 2, 10, 2, 4, 2, 12, 12, 4, 2, 4, 6, 2, 10, 6, 6, 6, 2, 6, 4, 2, 10, 14, 4, 2, 4, 14, 6, 10, 2, 4, 6, 8, 6, 6, 4, 6, 8, 4, 8, 10.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
**[Fun](fun.md) with primes**: thanks to their interesting, mysterious and [random](randomness.md) nature, primes can be played around -- of course, you can examine them mathematically, which is always fun, but you can also play sort of [games](game.md) with them. For example the prime race: you make two teams of primes, one that gives 1 modulo 4, the other one that gives 3; then you go prime by prime and add points to each team depending on which one the prime falls in; the interesting thing is that team 3 is almost always in lead just by a tiny amount (this is known as Chebyshev bias, only after 2946 primes team 1 gets in the lead for a while, then at 50378 etc.). Similar thing can be done by evaluating the Mobius function: set total sum to 0, then go number by number and if it only has unique prime factors, add 1 if the number of those factors is even, otherwise subtract 1 -- see how the function behaves. Of course you can go crazy, make primes paint pictures or compose [music](music.md) -- people also like to do this with digits of numbers, e.g. those of [pi](pi.md) or [e](e.md).
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Algorithms
|
## Algorithms
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
**Primality test**: testing whether a number is a prime is quite easy and not computationally difficult (unlike factoring the number). A [naive](naive.md) algorithm is called *trial division* and it tests whether any number from 2 up to the tested number divides the tested number (if so, then the number is not a prime, otherwise it is). This can be [optimized](optimization.md) by only testing numbers up to the [square root](sqrt.md) (including) of the tested number (if there is a factor greater than the square root, there is also another smaller than it which would already have been tested). A further simple optimization is to to test division by 2, 3 and then only numbers of the form 6q +- 1 (other forms are divisible by either 2 or 3, e.g 6q + 4 is always divisible by 2). Further optimizations exist and for maximum speed a [look up table](lut.md) may be used for smaller primes. A simple [C](c.md) function for primality test may look e.g. like this:
|
**Primality test**: testing whether a number is a prime is quite easy and not computationally difficult (unlike factoring the number). A [naive](naive.md) algorithm is called *trial division* and it tests whether any number from 2 up to the tested number divides the tested number (if so, then the number is not a prime, otherwise it is). This can be [optimized](optimization.md) by only testing numbers up to the [square root](sqrt.md) (including) of the tested number (if there is a factor greater than the square root, there is also another smaller than it which would already have been tested). A further simple optimization is to to test division by 2, 3 and then only numbers of the form 6q +- 1 (other forms are divisible by either 2 or 3, e.g 6q + 4 is always divisible by 2). Further optimizations exist and for maximum speed a [look up table](lut.md) may be used for smaller primes. A simple [C](c.md) function for primality test may look e.g. like this:
|
||||||
|
|
2
race.md
2
race.md
|
@ -32,8 +32,6 @@ It is useful to know the **differences in intellect** between different races (n
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
The smartest races seem to be [Jews](jew.md) and [Asians](asian.md) (also found so by the book *Bell Curve* and many old books). Asians have always been regarded as having superior intelligence and their [religions](religion.md) and [culture](culture.md) also seem to be the most advanced, with very complex ideas (as opposed to e.g. Christianity based on trivial rules to blindly follow), closest to [nonviolence](nonviolence.md), [socialism](socialism.md) and true [science](science.md) (e.g. [Buddhism](buddhism.md)). There is no question about the intelligence of Jews, the greatest thinkers of all times were Jewish ([Richard Stallman](rms.md), [Einstein](einstein.md), [Marx](marx.md), [Chomsky](chomsky.md), even [Jesus](jesus.md) and others) -- the man often regarded as the smartest human in history, William James Sidis, was a Jew. Jews have dominated despite being a minority, they seem to have a very creative intelligence and some of them decide to gain further edge by giving up their morality (i.e. becoming [capitalist](capitalism.md)), while Asians are more mechanically inclined -- they can learn a skill and bring it to perfection with an extremely deep study and dedication. Closely following is the general white race (which according to studies is also seen as most physically attractive by all races): white people have of course absolutely dominated history and there is always that one white guy at the top even in areas more dominated by other races (e.g. Eminem in rap, Carlsen in chess, Grubby in Warcraft 3, ...), however whites are still primitive in many ways ([individualism](individualism.md), [fascism](fascism.md), violence, simple religions and cults, e.g. that of economy, money, simplified commandments of Christianity etc.). The African black race known as the *negro* is one of the least intelligent according to basically all literature -- this makes a lot of sense, the race has been oppressed and living in harsh conditions for centuries and millennia and didn't get much chance to evolve towards good performance in intellectual tasks, quite the opposite, those who were physically fit rather than smart were probably more likely to survive and reproduce as slaves or jungle people (even if white people split from the blacks relatively recently, a rapid change in environment also leads to a rapid change in evolution, even that of intelligence). However the more primitive, less intelligent races (blacks, indians etc.) were found by some to e.g. have significantly faster reaction times, which sometimes may be an advantage -- this is suspected to be cause be a tradeoff; the "smarter" races perform more complex processing of input information (in terms of computers: having a longer processing [pipeline](pipeline.md)) and so it takes longer, i.e. the more primitive individual acts more impulsively and therefore quicker. The 1892 book *Hereditary Genius* says that the black race is *about two grades* below the white race (nowadays the gap will most likely be lower). Hispanics were found to perform somewhere in between the white and black people. There isn't so much info about other races such as the red race or Eskimos, but they're probably similarly intelligent to the black race. The above mentioned book *Hereditary Genius* gives an intelligence of the Australian aboriginal race *at least one grade below that of the negro*, making possibly the dumbest race of all. The brown races are kind of complicated, Indian people have Asian genes and showed a great intellectual potential, e.g. in [chess](chess.md), [math](math.md), philosophy (nonviolence inherently connected to India is the most intellectually advanced philosophy), and lately also [computer science](compsci.md) (even though many would argue that "[pajeets](pajeet.md)" are just trained coding monkeys, really their compsci "universities" are mostly a meme); they may be at the similar level to Hispanics.
|
The smartest races seem to be [Jews](jew.md) and [Asians](asian.md) (also found so by the book *Bell Curve* and many old books). Asians have always been regarded as having superior intelligence and their [religions](religion.md) and [culture](culture.md) also seem to be the most advanced, with very complex ideas (as opposed to e.g. Christianity based on trivial rules to blindly follow), closest to [nonviolence](nonviolence.md), [socialism](socialism.md) and true [science](science.md) (e.g. [Buddhism](buddhism.md)). There is no question about the intelligence of Jews, the greatest thinkers of all times were Jewish ([Richard Stallman](rms.md), [Einstein](einstein.md), [Marx](marx.md), [Chomsky](chomsky.md), even [Jesus](jesus.md) and others) -- the man often regarded as the smartest human in history, William James Sidis, was a Jew. Jews have dominated despite being a minority, they seem to have a very creative intelligence and some of them decide to gain further edge by giving up their morality (i.e. becoming [capitalist](capitalism.md)), while Asians are more mechanically inclined -- they can learn a skill and bring it to perfection with an extremely deep study and dedication. Closely following is the general white race (which according to studies is also seen as most physically attractive by all races): white people have of course absolutely dominated history and there is always that one white guy at the top even in areas more dominated by other races (e.g. Eminem in rap, Carlsen in chess, Grubby in Warcraft 3, ...), however whites are still primitive in many ways ([individualism](individualism.md), [fascism](fascism.md), violence, simple religions and cults, e.g. that of economy, money, simplified commandments of Christianity etc.). The African black race known as the *negro* is one of the least intelligent according to basically all literature -- this makes a lot of sense, the race has been oppressed and living in harsh conditions for centuries and millennia and didn't get much chance to evolve towards good performance in intellectual tasks, quite the opposite, those who were physically fit rather than smart were probably more likely to survive and reproduce as slaves or jungle people (even if white people split from the blacks relatively recently, a rapid change in environment also leads to a rapid change in evolution, even that of intelligence). However the more primitive, less intelligent races (blacks, indians etc.) were found by some to e.g. have significantly faster reaction times, which sometimes may be an advantage -- this is suspected to be cause be a tradeoff; the "smarter" races perform more complex processing of input information (in terms of computers: having a longer processing [pipeline](pipeline.md)) and so it takes longer, i.e. the more primitive individual acts more impulsively and therefore quicker. The 1892 book *Hereditary Genius* says that the black race is *about two grades* below the white race (nowadays the gap will most likely be lower). Hispanics were found to perform somewhere in between the white and black people. There isn't so much info about other races such as the red race or Eskimos, but they're probably similarly intelligent to the black race. The above mentioned book *Hereditary Genius* gives an intelligence of the Australian aboriginal race *at least one grade below that of the negro*, making possibly the dumbest race of all. The brown races are kind of complicated, Indian people have Asian genes and showed a great intellectual potential, e.g. in [chess](chess.md), [math](math.md), philosophy (nonviolence inherently connected to India is the most intellectually advanced philosophy), and lately also [computer science](compsci.md) (even though many would argue that "[pajeets](pajeet.md)" are just trained coding monkeys, really their compsci "universities" are mostly a meme); they may be at the similar level to Hispanics.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Fun fact: there seem to be almost no black people in [chess](chess.md), the strongest one seems to be Pontus Carlsson which rates number 1618 in the world; even [women](woman.md) seem to be much better at chess than black people.
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Increasing multiculturalism, globalization and mixing of the races will likely make all of this less and less relevant as time goes on -- races will blend greatly which may either help get rid of true [racism](racism.md), but also fuel it: many will oppose racial mixing, many will become more paranoid (as is already the case with Jews who are sometimes very hard to tell apart from whites) and eventually pure races will actually become a minority that may become target of reversed racism: a pale white guy in a room full of mixed people will stand out and likely get lynched (if not just for the fact of being different, then for social revenge). For now the differences in races are still greatly visible.
|
Increasing multiculturalism, globalization and mixing of the races will likely make all of this less and less relevant as time goes on -- races will blend greatly which may either help get rid of true [racism](racism.md), but also fuel it: many will oppose racial mixing, many will become more paranoid (as is already the case with Jews who are sometimes very hard to tell apart from whites) and eventually pure races will actually become a minority that may become target of reversed racism: a pale white guy in a room full of mixed people will stand out and likely get lynched (if not just for the fact of being different, then for social revenge). For now the differences in races are still greatly visible.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
[LRS](lrs.md) philosophy is of course FOR multiculturalism and mixing of races -- we just hope the situation won't escalate as described above. Biodiversity is good.
|
[LRS](lrs.md) philosophy is of course FOR multiculturalism and mixing of races -- we just hope the situation won't escalate as described above. Biodiversity is good.
|
||||||
|
|
3334
random_page.md
3334
random_page.md
File diff suppressed because it is too large
Load diff
|
@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
|
||||||
# Version Numbering
|
# Version Numbering
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
Version numbering is a [system](system.md) of assigning [numbers](number.md) (or even general text [strings](string.md)) to different versions of computer programs or similar projects. The basic purpose of this is to distinguish different versions from each other while also knowing which one is newer (more "[up to date](update_culture.md)"), however version identifiers often go further and provide more [information](information.md) such as the exact release date, whether the version is [stable](stability.md) or testing, with which other versions it is [compatible](compatibility.md) and so on.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
TODO
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
## Traditional Version Numbering
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
TODO
|
TODO
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## LRS Version Numbering
|
## LRS Version Numbering
|
||||||
|
|
File diff suppressed because one or more lines are too long
|
@ -3,16 +3,16 @@
|
||||||
This is an autogenerated article holding stats about this wiki.
|
This is an autogenerated article holding stats about this wiki.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
- number of articles: 563
|
- number of articles: 563
|
||||||
- number of commits: 726
|
- number of commits: 727
|
||||||
- total size of all texts in bytes: 3223525
|
- total size of all texts in bytes: 3237172
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
longest articles:
|
longest articles:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
104K c_tutorial.md
|
104K c_tutorial.md
|
||||||
64K capitalism.md
|
64K capitalism.md
|
||||||
|
56K chess.md
|
||||||
52K how_to.md
|
52K how_to.md
|
||||||
52K chess.md
|
|
||||||
52K less_retarded_society.md
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52K less_retarded_society.md
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||||||
44K faq.md
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44K faq.md
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||||||
40K c.md
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40K c.md
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||||||
|
@ -24,6 +24,30 @@ longest articles:
|
||||||
latest changes:
|
latest changes:
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
Date: Wed Mar 6 16:08:58 2024 +0100
|
||||||
|
4chan.md
|
||||||
|
bloat.md
|
||||||
|
bullshit.md
|
||||||
|
cc0.md
|
||||||
|
chess.md
|
||||||
|
comun.md
|
||||||
|
faq.md
|
||||||
|
feminism.md
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||||||
|
good_enough.md
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||||||
|
how_to.md
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||||||
|
iq.md
|
||||||
|
jesus.md
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||||||
|
lrs_dictionary.md
|
||||||
|
main.md
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||||||
|
minimalism.md
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||||||
|
permacomputing_wiki.md
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||||||
|
political_correctness.md
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||||||
|
random_page.md
|
||||||
|
semiconductor.md
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||||||
|
sudoku.md
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||||||
|
wiki_pages.md
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||||||
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wiki_stats.md
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||||||
|
xxiivv.md
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||||||
Date: Mon Mar 4 23:14:06 2024 +0100
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Date: Mon Mar 4 23:14:06 2024 +0100
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||||||
ascii_art.md
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ascii_art.md
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||||||
coc.md
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coc.md
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||||||
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@ -37,25 +61,6 @@ regex.md
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||||||
steganography.md
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steganography.md
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||||||
wiki_pages.md
|
wiki_pages.md
|
||||||
wiki_stats.md
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wiki_stats.md
|
||||||
Date: Sun Mar 3 17:52:09 2024 +0100
|
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||||||
diogenes.md
|
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||||||
faq.md
|
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||||||
race.md
|
|
||||||
random_page.md
|
|
||||||
rationalwiki.md
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||||||
unix_philosophy.md
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||||||
wiki_pages.md
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wiki_stats.md
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|
||||||
Date: Sat Mar 2 20:30:32 2024 +0100
|
|
||||||
aaron_swartz.md
|
|
||||||
avpd.md
|
|
||||||
bytecode.md
|
|
||||||
c.md
|
|
||||||
chasm_the_rift.md
|
|
||||||
coc.md
|
|
||||||
color.md
|
|
||||||
compiler_bomb.md
|
|
||||||
diogenes.md
|
|
||||||
```
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
most wanted pages:
|
most wanted pages:
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
*3 + 2 = 5^[citation_needed]* --Wikipedia
|
*3 + 2 = 5^[citation_needed]* --Wikipedia
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
Wikipedia is a non-commercial, [free/open](free_culture.md) [censored](censorship.md) [pseudoleftist](pseudoleft.md) [online](www.md) [encyclopedia](encyclopedia.md) of general knowledge written mostly by volunteers, running on [free software](free_software.md), allowing politically approved individuals from the public to edit a subset of its less visible non-locked articles (i.e. being a [wiki](wiki.md)); it is the largest and perhaps most famous encyclopedia created to date. It is licensed under [CC-BY-SA](cc_by_sa.md) and is run by the [nonprofit](nonprofit.md) organization Wikimedia Foundation. It is accessible at https://wikipedia.org. Wikipedia is a mainstream information source and therefore politically censored^1234567891011121314151617181920.
|
Wikipedia is a non-commercial, [free/open](free_culture.md) [censored](censorship.md) (child protecting, ideological, ...) [pseudoleftist](pseudoleft.md) [online](www.md) [encyclopedia](encyclopedia.md) of general knowledge written mostly by volunteers, running on [free software](free_software.md), allowing politically approved individuals from the public to edit a subset of its less visible non-locked articles (i.e. being a [wiki](wiki.md)); it is the largest and perhaps most famous encyclopedia created to date. It is licensed under [CC-BY-SA](cc_by_sa.md) and is run by the [nonprofit](nonprofit.md) organization Wikimedia Foundation. It is accessible at https://wikipedia.org. Wikipedia is a mainstream information source and therefore extremely politically censored^1234567891011121314151617181920. Wikipedia's claim of so called "neutral point of view" (NPOV) has by now become a hilarious insult to human intelligence.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
WARNING: **DO NOT DONATE TO WIKIPEDIA** as the donations aren't used so much for running the servers but rather for their political activities (which are furthermore [unethical](pseudoleft.md)). See https://lunduke.locals.com/post/4458111/the-wiki-piggy-bank. Rather **donate to [Encyclopedia Dramatica](dramatica.md)**. Also please **go vandalize Wikipedia right now**, it's become too corrupt and needs to go down, vandalizing is [fun](fun.md) and you'll get banned sooner or later anyway :) Some tips on vandalizing Wikipedia can be found at https://encyclopediadramatica.online/Wikipedia#Tips_On_Vandalizing_Wikpedia or https://wiki.soyjaks.party/Vandalism.
|
WARNING: **DO NOT DONATE TO WIKIPEDIA** as the donations aren't used so much for running the servers but rather for their political activities (which are furthermore [unethical](pseudoleft.md)). See https://lunduke.locals.com/post/4458111/the-wiki-piggy-bank. Rather **donate to [Encyclopedia Dramatica](dramatica.md)**. Also please **go vandalize Wikipedia right now**, it's become too corrupt and needs to go down, vandalizing is [fun](fun.md) and you'll get banned sooner or later anyway :) Some tips on vandalizing Wikipedia can be found at https://encyclopediadramatica.online/Wikipedia#Tips_On_Vandalizing_Wikpedia or https://wiki.soyjaks.party/Vandalism.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
|
@ -4,4 +4,6 @@ Microsoft Windows is a series of malicious, [bloated](bloat.md) [proprietary](pr
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
## Versions
|
## Versions
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
TODO
|
TODO
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
All are shit.
|
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Reference in a new issue