Update

anarch.md

@@ -61,9 +61,11 @@ Anarch has these features:
 
 ## Technical Details
 
-Anarch's engine uses [raycastlib](raycastlib.md), a LRS library for advanced 2D [ray casting](ray_casting.md) which is often called a "pseudo 3D". This method was used by [Wolf3D](wolf3d.md), but Anarch improves it to allow different levels of floor and ceiling which makes it look a little closer to [Doom](doom.md) (which however used a different methods called [BSP](bsp.md) rendering).
+Anarch is written in [C](c.md)99.
 
-The whole codebase (including raycastlib AND the assets converted to C array) has fewer than 15000 [lines of code](loc.md). Compiled binary is about 200 kB big, though with [compression](compression.md) and replacing assets with [procedurally generated](procgen.md) ones the size was made as low as 57 kB.
+The game's engine uses [raycastlib](raycastlib.md), a [LRS](lrs.md) [library](library.md) for advanced 2D [raycasting](raycasting.md); this would be called "pseudo 3D" graphics. The same method (raycasting) was used by [Wolf3D](wolf3d.md) but Anarch improves it to allow different levels of floor and ceiling which makes it look a little closer to [Doom](doom.md) (which however used a different methods called [BSP](bsp.md) rendering).
+
+The whole codebase (including raycastlib AND the assets converted to C array) has fewer than 15000 [lines of code](loc.md). Compiled binary is about 200 kB big, though with [compression](compression.md) and replacing assets with [procedurally generated](procgen.md) ones (one of several Anarch mods) the size was made as low as 57 kB.
 
 The music in the game is [procedurally generated](procedural_generation.md) using [bytebeat](bytebeat.md).
 
@@ -73,4 +75,18 @@ The game uses a tiny custom-made 4x4 bitmap [font](font.md) to render texts.
 
 Saving/loading is optional, in case a platform doesn't have persistent storage. Without saving all levels are simply available from the start.
 
-In the suckless fashion, mods are recommended to be made and distributed as [patches](patch.md).
+In the suckless fashion, mods are recommended to be made and distributed as [patches](patch.md).
+
+### Bad Things (Retrospective)
+
+The following is a retrospective look on what could have been done better, written by [drummyfish](drummyfish.md) (a potential project for someone might be to implement these and so make the game even more awesome):
+
+- It might have been better to write it in C89 than C99 for better portability.
+- Sound effects would likely be better procedurally generated just like music. It would be less code and data in ROM and the quality probably wouldn't be that much worse as the samples are shitty quality anyway.
+- The palette used might have rather been [RGB 332](rgb332.md) instead of the custom palette, again less code and less data in ROM, though visual quality might suffer a bit and things like diminishing colors might require some extra code or look up tables (like in Doom).
+- The python scripts for data conversion should be rewritten to C. Using python was just laziness.
+- Raycastlib itself has some issues, but those should be addressed separately.
+- The game is really a bit too hard (tho this can easily be changed in settings) and gameplay is not great (like explosions pushing player instantly, not too good, too few items, player often lacks ammo/health, ...), movement inertia could be in vanilla game to make it feel nicer etc.
+- Some of the code is awkward, like `SFG_recomputePlayerDirection` was an attempt at optimization but it's probably optimization in a wrong place that does nothing, ...
+- Some details like having separate arrays for different types of images -- there is no reason for that, it would be better to just have one huge array of all images; maybe even have ALL data in one huge array of bytes.
+- ...

billboard.md

@@ -2,10 +2,37 @@
 
 In [3D](3d.md) [computer graphics](graphics.md) billboard is a flat image placed in the scene that rotates so that it's always facing the camera. Billboards used to be greatly utilized instead of actual [3D models](3d_model.md) in old [games](game.md) thanks to being faster to render (and possibly also easier to create than full 3D models), but we can still encounter them even today and even outside retro games, e.g. [particle systems](particle_system.md) are normally rendered with billboards (each particle is one billboard). Billboards are also commonly called *[sprites](sprite.md)*, even though that's not exactly accurate.
 
-There are two main types of billboards:
+By axis of rotation there are two main types of billboards:
 
 - Ones **rotating only about vertical axis**, i.e. billboards that change only their [yaw](yaw.md), they only face the camera in a top-down view of the scene. Such sprite may deform on the screen (when the camera is at different height level) just like 3D models do and when viewed completely from above will disappear completely. This may in some situations look better than other options (e.g. in [games](game.md) enemies won't appear lying on their back when seen from above).
-- **Freely rotating** ones, i.e. ones that change all three [Euler angles](euler_angle.md) so that they ALWAYS face the camera from any possible angle. There may further be other two subtypes: billboards that align themselves with the camera's projection plane (they simply rotate themselves in the same way as the camera) which always end up on the screen as an undeformed and unrotated image, and billboards that face themselves towards the camera's position and copy the camera's [roll](roll.md) (though these may seem like two same things, they are not, for the latter we need to know the camera and billboard's positions, for the former we only need the camera's rotation). For simplicity we usually choose to implement the former, though the latter may result in look closer to that which would be produced by an actual 3D model of the object (e.g. a sphere projected to an ellipse by perspective).
+- **Freely rotating** ones, i.e. ones that change all three [Euler angles](euler_angle.md) so that they ALWAYS face the camera from any possible angle.
+
+Furthermore there is another subdivision into two main types by HOW the billboards rotate:
+
+- **Projection plane aligned**: These billboards always align their orientation with the camera's projection plane (they simply rotate themselves in the same way as the camera) which always end up on the screen as an undeformed and unrotated image. This is simple to implement, we can simply [blit](blit.md) a 2D image on the rendered 3D view.
+- **Camera position facing**: These billboards face themselves towards the camera's position and copy the camera's [roll](roll.md).
+
+Though the two types above may seem like two same things at first glance, they are in fact not, for the latter we need to know the camera and billboard's positions, for the former we only need the camera's rotation. For simplicity we usually choose to implement the former (projection plane aligned), though the latter may result in look closer to that which would be produced by an actual 3D model of the object.
+
+```
+    projection plane aligned                           position facing
+
+                 |                                          \
+                 |                                           |
+                 |                                            \
+
+        _.'|                |                       _.'|                |
+      <:_  |                |                     <:_  |                |
+         '.|                |                        '.|                |
+      camera                                      camera
+                      |                                            /
+                      |                                           |
+              |       |                                     _    /
+              |                                         _.-' 
+              |
+```
+
+*Projection plane aligned vs position facing billboards.*
 
 Some billboards also choose their image based on from what angle they're viewed (e.g. an enemy in a game viewed from the front will use a different image than when viewed from the side, as seen e.g. in [Doom](doom.md)). Also some billboards intentionally don't scale and keep the same size on the screen, for example health bars in some games.
 

bloat.md

@@ -133,5 +133,6 @@ The concept of bloat can be applied even outside the computing world, e.g. to no
 
 ## See Also
 
+- [maximalism](maximalism.md)
 - [obscurity](obscurity.md)
 - [shit](shit.md)

boat.md

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# Boat Dock
+
+*WELCOME :) You find yourself on a strange [island](island.md).*
+
+```
+          ,
+          |\
+          | \
+          |  )
+    ______|_/____
+~~~~\           /~~~~
+     "-._____.-"
+```
+
+What is this? Boat is a [LRS](lrs.md) spinoff of [Tour Bus](tourbus.md), a famous wiki [webring](webring.md) -- see http://meatballwiki.org/wiki/TourBus. Why not join Tour Bus? Because we are antisocial and don't wanna talk to anyone, so we just start our new thing (also they would prolly [censor](censorship.md) us). Also our island is isolated from the [normieland](normieland.md) and no buses go here :)
+
+## On To The Island
+
+You get greeted by a friendly [dog](dog.md) -- *WOOF* --playfully waggling his tail he leads you around, along the beach. The [island](island.md) seems a bit empty but a few people can be seen here and there [loosely associating](anarchism.md), looking very passionate about creating various things, some are writing, some constructing [weird machines](mechanical.md), some copulating. Everyone is naked -- "clothes are [bloat](bloat.md)" says a [weirdo of caveman appearance](drummyfish.md) sitting in front of what appears to be his hut. "We are trying to create stuff, mostly with [computers](computer.md)", he says, "also hiding here from the [hell](capitalism.md) out there, trying to live a [better life](less_retarded_society.md)". He scratches his butt and adds: "Seeing you are a living being like myself -- that means you are welcome, come join us if you want."
+
+**sightseeing**:
+
+- [less retarded software](lrs.md): what we create
+- [less retarded society](less_retarded_society.md): what we strive for
+- [capitalism](capitalism.md): what we oppose
+- [jokes](jokes.md): we also try to have some fun [fun](fun.md)
+
+## Continue Elsewhere
+
+- **boat #1**: [Tour Bus Stop: meatballwiki](http://meatballwiki.org/wiki/TourBusStop), normieland (the main hub of Tour Bus)
+
+## How To Join Our Boat Tour
+
+Just link to this site from your site. If you want your site added here as a new departure boat, send [me](drummyfish.md) an email -- it's ideal if it's a wiki or something that has something to do with [LRS](lrs.md) (even remotely, no need to mention LRS, can be just software minimalism or whatever, ...). **I don't promise to add everything**, but it's pretty likely I'll add you if it's not a complete [shit](shit.md) :D When (more like if) a few boats are here, other ones should be added further on to the chain, not here. Remember this isn't supposed to be a link dump but a selection of some kinda thematic quality links that form some nice webring.

books.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ Here there will be a constantly WIP list of [books](book.md) that might be of in
 
 - **Blackout** (2017, Elsberg): Fiction, telling a story of a large blackout in Europe that shows to really be caused by [bloated](bloat.md) tech. For [collapse](collapse.md) enjoyers this is an interesting read if only for the detailed description of the consequences a sudden loss of electric power.
 - **Computer Science: An Overview** (J. Glenn Brookshear): Cool [bachelor](bachelor.md) level overview of whole [computer science](compsci.md), including things like [history](history.md) of computers, their architecture, [computer graphics](graphics.md), [compression](compression.md), [encryption](encryption.md), [AI](ai.md), [operating systems](operating_system.md), [complexity](computational_complexity.md) etc., with explanations that are neither too simplified nor too long and overcomplicated with equations, i.e. there is a nice balance, probably most useful to fresh university computer science students.
-- **Day of the Triffids** (1951, Wyndham): Excellent sci-fi in which civilization comes to an end due to a disaster (won't spoil), very nice for collapse preps or just people enjoying a great story narrated in captivating way :-) The movie is a joke, don't even search for it.
+- **Day of the Triffids** (1951, Wyndham): Excellent sci-fi in which civilization comes to an end due to a disaster (won't spoil), very nice for collapse preps or just people enjoying a great story narrated in captivating way :-) The movie is a joke, don't even search for it. Also other books by Wyndham are awesome.
 - **[Einstein](einstein.md): His Life and Universe** (Isaacson, 2008): [Einstein](einstein.md)'s biography, quite a nice read about a pretty awesome man who's image has been so distorted by the mainstream shit. 
 - **Encyclopedia Britannica 11th edition** (1911): Extremely large, old, uncensored [encyclopedia](encyclopedia.md), mostly digitized and fulltext searchable, also completely [public domain](public_domain.md), with very long articles on all topics up to the date of its publication. Great source of lesser known information and an alternative to modern censored sources. Also check out other similar encyclopedias.
 - **[Flatland](flatland.md)** (Abbott, 1884): Absolutely amazing fantasy story set in two dimensional land with characters being geometric shapes, while being a critic of society to a big degree, it discusses practical and mathematical aspects of actually living in two dimensions, how the characters see, how they build their houses etc. It is now absolutely [public domain](public_domain.md)!
@@ -24,5 +24,6 @@ Here there will be a constantly WIP list of [books](book.md) that might be of in
 - **The Pig and the Box** (MCM, 2009): A short story for kids showing the dangers of [DRM](drm.md), released under [CC0](cc0.md)!
 - **The Tao of Programming** (James, 1987): Famous piece of [hacker culture](hacking.md) literature, wisdom of programming written in taoist style.
 - **Tricks of the Game Programming Gurus** (1994): Very nice, readable book, that implements a whole 90s shooter game in [C](c.md), without drowning the reader in tons of equations and smartass talk. It's written with the 90s mindset and in common language, contains many practical tricks for optimizing the code etc.
+- **The Nostalgia Nerd's Retro Tech**: Nice small database of all the old consoles/computers (SNES, Amiga, C64, ...), each one with high quality photos, short summary, specs and notable games. There is not much text, it's more like tl;drs of the most important stuff, it's an ideal overview of the old computers for a newcomers but can also serve as a quick reference to anyone.
 - older books by **Andreas Eschbach** { The new ones seemed to have some Feminist shit etc., had to stop reading it :D ~drummyfish }, mainly **Carpet Makers** and **Jesus Video**: This is not directly related to LRS but it feels right to mention one of the most underrated [sci-fi](sci_fi.md) authors here -- many LRS followers will probably appreciate high quality sci-fi dealing with super interesting topics that are at least loosely related to LRS. Really Eschbach is so superior to just 99% of all sci-fi you'll encounter, his books are extremely readable, believable and greatly interesting in choosing topics, he makes you think about society, religion etcetc. Spoilers probably won't help, just go check out the books.
 - ...

capitalism.md

@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ The following is a list of just SOME attributes of capitalism -- note that not a
 - **[fight culture](fight_culture.md), [fascism](fascism.md), extreme hostility between people, disappearance of morality**: The very basis of capitalism -- competition -- nurtures people towards self interest, self centeredness and hostility towards others while suppressing good attributes such as sharing, love for others and [altruism](altruism.md). With this morals decline and fascist groups arise. Furthermore the system of overcomplicated laws are starting to replace morals, people ask "is it legal?" rather than "is it a good thing to do?". This creates a society of dicks and psychopaths who are additionally rewarded for their immoral behavior by becoming "successful" and wealthy. In long term this serves as a natural selection in Darwinian evolution, immorally behaving people are actually more likely to survive and reproduce, which leads to genes of psychopathic behavior becoming more and more common in society -- under capitalism good people quite literally become extinct in the long run.
 - **[fear culture](fear_culture.md)**: To keep people consuming and constantly engaged a tension has to be kept, comfortable people are undesirable in capitalism. So there is constantly a propaganda of some threat, be it viruses, terrorism, pedophiles on the internet, computer viruses, killing bees etc.
 - **[consumerism](consumerism.md)**: To keep businesses running people need to consume everything, even things that shouldn't be consumed and that could last for very long such as computers and cars. This leads to creation of hasted low quality products (even art such as TV series) that are meant to be used and thrown away, repairing is no longer considered.
-- **commerce infects absolutely everything**: In advanced capitalism there is no such thing as a commerce free zone, everything is privatized eventually and serves selfish interests. Nowadays even such areas as health care, wellfare or education of children is permeated by money, ads and corporate propaganda. Even nonprofits have to make money. Educational videos in schools are preceded with ads (as they are played on [YouTube](youtube.md)), propagandists even legally go to school and brainwash little children (they call it "education in financial literacy" and teach children that they should e.g. create bank accounts in the propagandist's specific bank).
+- **commerce infects absolutely everything**: In advanced capitalism there is no such thing as a commerce free zone, everything is privatized eventually and serves selfish interests. There is **nowhere to hide**, capitalism has to work towards eliminating escape places as abused people will want to naturally retreat from a place of abuse somewhere safe. Nowadays even such areas as health care, welfare or [education](education.md) of children is permeated by money, ads and corporate propaganda. Even [nonprofits](nonprofit.md) have to make money. Educational videos in schools are preceded with [ads](marketing.md) (as they are played on [YouTube](youtube.md)), propagandists even legally go to school and brainwash little children (they call it "education in financial literacy" and teach children that they should e.g. create bank accounts in the propagandist's specific bank).
 - **destruction of life environment**: This is nowadays already pretty clear, [global heating](global_warming.md) is attributed mainly to capitalism and is seen as maybe the most likely doom that's probably already unavoidable. Lack of long term planning and any concern for anything but money, along with consumerism and extreme waste (of energy, physical waste such as plastic, toxic chemicals etc.) lead to building bullshit factories and performing unnecessary activity for economic reasons (e.g. transporting materials over the globe for assembly, then transporting it back), leading to extreme pollution of air (visible air smog already makes it hard to breathe in many cities), water (it is no longer safe to drink rain water as it used to be) and food (microplastic particles are already basically EVERYWHERE, eating them can't be avoided). Forests that are necessary for cleaning air, host many precious life forms and are overall a key part of ecosystem are being destroyed rapidly, entire species are disappearing very quickly. And that's just a quick sum up.
 - **rule of idiots**: Under capitalism the incompetent become successful as success isn't a matter of competence at art but rather willingness to win for any cost, matter of persevering despite being untalented, succumbing to unethical behavior, investing into "promoting" oneself through marketing, social media etc. The truly skilled and intelligent often see the system is bullshit, the skilled are skilled before they want to do their art rather than engage in fights, so they get depressed and disgusted and leave to live in the underground, they live only for their art, opening the way for the unskilled, stupid and at best average thirsty for success. That's why there are so many "professional" wedding photographers who know absolutely nothing about photography, so many elementary school drop outs who become celebrities on TikTok and YouTube who go on to advise the masses on who to vote for in the elections, so many shitty movies, music and games, so many "programmers" and "security experts" who can't do elementary school math etc.
 - **loss of ethical behavior**: Ethical behavior is a disadvantage in a competitive environment of the market, it is a limitation. Those trying to behave ethically (e.g. fair prices or good treatment of employees) will simply lose to the unethically behaving ones and be eliminated from the market. Eventually there only remain unethically behaving entities, which is exactly what we are seeing nowadays -- there basically doesn't exist a single ethically behaving corporation in the world (which has however already been normalized and is no longer seen as an issue).

censorship.md

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ There exist **tools for bypassing censorship**, e.g. [proxies](proxy.md) or encr
 
 ## Examples
 
-TODO
+TODO: wikipedia, google, fediblock, DVD codes, copyright, ...
 
 ## See Also
 

chasm_the_rift.md

@@ -10,4 +10,8 @@ The game requirements were a [486](486.md) [CPU](cpu.md) (which reached 100 MHz
 
 **The engine** is possibly the most [interesting](interesting.md) part of the game as it used [software rendering](sw_rendering.md) that combined a ["2.5D"](pseudo3d.md) level rendering and "true 3D" polygonal models for things like level decorations, enemies and weapon view model. Not much is known about the internals as the whole code is proprietary and "closed source", we may only inspect it visually and through [reverse engineering](reverse_engineering.md). To us it is not known if environment rendering uses [BSP](bsp.md) rendering, [portal rendering](portal_rendering.md), [raycasting](raycasting.md), something similar or whether it just utilizes its 3D model renderer for levels too, however there are some 2.5D simplifications going on as levels are defined as 2D (no room-above-room) and looking up/down is faked (even for the environment inserted "true 3D" models, the up/down look is limited to just a small offset probably to mask the "2.5D" nature of the engine). In fact it isn't even possible to have different height levels of floor, all levels just have the same floor height (ceiling height can be set though)! This is masked a bit by using 3D models onto which it is indeed possible to jump. The game's level editor shows levels use a square grid on which however it is possible to place even non-90 degree walls. There is also a [lightmap](lightmap.md) lighting system present allowing [dynamic](dynamic.md) lights -- a pretty advanced feature, though the lightmap only seems to be 2D, just as the level itself. Destructible environment is also faked in some levels by having a 3D model behaving like part of a wall, then disappearing when destroyed.
 
-Apart from the engine the game was also nice for being quite [KISS](kiss.md), taking similar approach to e.g. [Anarch](anarch.md) by using very minimal menu and controls: for example there is no door opening or "use" button, items just activate by proximity, weapon switching is also performed by single button. This is actually quite nice as setting up controls and learning them is many times something that just puts you off.
+Apart from the engine the game was also nice for being quite [KISS](kiss.md), taking similar approach to e.g. [Anarch](anarch.md) by using very minimal menu and controls: for example there is no door opening or "use" button, items just activate by proximity, weapon switching is also performed by single button. This is actually quite nice as setting up controls and learning them is many times something that just puts you off.
+
+## See Also
+
+- [Gloom](gloom.md)

chess.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Chess
 
-Chess (from Persian *shah*, *king*) is a very [old](old.md) two-player board [game](game.md), perhaps most famous and popular among all board games in [history](history.md). It is a [zero sum](zero_sum.md), [complete information](complete_information.md) game with no element of randomness, that simulates a battle of two armies on an 8x8 board with different battle pieces, also called *chessmen* or just *men*. Chess is also called the King's Game, it has a world-wide competitive community and is considered an intellectual [sport](sport.md) but it's also been a topic of research and [programming](programming.md) (many chess engines, [AI](ai.md)s and frontends are being actively developed). Chess is similar to games such [shogi](shogi.md) ("Japanese chess"), [xiangqi](xiangqi.md) ("Chinese chess") and [checkers](checkers.md). As the estimated number of chess games is bigger than [googol](googol.md), it is unlikely to ever be solved; though the complexity of the game in sheer number of possibilities is astronomical, among its shogi, go and xiangqi cousins it is actually considered one of the "simplest" (the board is relatively small and the game tends to simplify as it goes on as there are no rules to get men back to the game etc.).
+Chess (from Persian *shah*, *king*) is a very [old](old.md) two-player board [game](game.md), perhaps most famous and popular among all board games in [history](history.md). In video game terms we could call it a turn-based strategy, in mathematical terms it's a [zero sum](zero_sum.md), [complete information](complete_information.md) game with no element of [randomness](randomness.md), that simulates a battle of two armies on an 8x8 board with different battle pieces, also called *chessmen* or just *men*. Chess is also called the King's Game, it has a world-wide competitive community and is considered an intellectual [sport](sport.md) but it's also been a topic of research and [programming](programming.md) (many chess engines, [AI](ai.md)s and frontends are being actively developed). Chess is similar to games such [shogi](shogi.md) ("Japanese chess"), [xiangqi](xiangqi.md) ("Chinese chess") and [checkers](checkers.md). As the estimated number of chess games is bigger than [googol](googol.md), it is unlikely to ever be solved; though the complexity of the game in sheer number of possibilities is astronomical, among its shogi, go and xiangqi cousins it is actually considered one of the "simplest" (the board is relatively small and the game tends to simplify as it goes on as there are no rules to get men back to the game etc.).
 
 { There is a nice black and white indie movie called *Computer Chess* about chess programmers of the 1980s, it's pretty good, very oldschool, starring real programmers and chess players, check it out. ~drummyfish }
 
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ So secondly we need to implement a so called **search** algorithm -- typically s
 
 Exhaustively searching the tree to great depths is not possible even with most powerful hardware due to astronomical numbers of possible move combinations, so the engine has to limit the depth quite greatly and use various [hacks](hacking.md), [approximations](approximation.md), [heuristics](heuristic.md) etc.. Normally it will search all moves to a small depth (e.g. 2 or 3 half moves or *plys*) and then extend the search for interesting moves such as exchanges or checks. Maybe the greatest danger of searching algorithms is so called **horizon effect** which has to be addressed somehow (e.g. by detecting quiet positions, so called *quiescence*). If not addressed, the horizon effect will make an engine misevaluate certain moves by stopping the evaluation at certain depth even if the played out situation would continue and lead to a vastly different result (imagine e.g. a queen taking a pawn which is guarded by another pawn; if the engine stops evaluating after the pawn take, it will think it's a won pawn, when in fact it's a lost queen). There are also many techniques for reducing the number of searched tree nodes and speeding up the search, for example pruning methods such as **alpha-beta** (which subsequently works best with correctly ordering moves to search), or **transposition tables** (remembering already evaluated position so that they don't have to be evaluated again when encountered by a different path in the tree).
 
-**Alternative approaches**: most engines work as described above (search plus evaluation function) with some minor or bigger modifications. The simplest possible stupid AI can just make random moves, which will of course be an extremely weak opponent -- one might perhaps try to just program a few simple rules to make it a bit less stupid and possibly a simple training opponent for complete beginners: the AI may for example pick a few "good looking" candidate moves that are "usually OK" (pushing a pawn, taking a higher value piece, castling, ...) and aren't a complete insanity, then pick one at random only from those (this randomness can further be improved and gradually controlled by scoring the moves somehow and adding a more or less random value from some range to each score, then picking the moves with highest score). One could also try to just program in a few generic rules such as: checkmate if you can, otherwise take an unprotected piece, otherwise protect your own unprotected piece etc. -- this could produce some beginner level bot. Another idea might be a "Chinese room" bot that doesn't really understand chess but has a huge database of games (which it may even be fetching from some Internet database) and then just looking up what moves good players make in positions that arise on the board, however a database of all positions will never exist, so in case the position is not found there has to be some fallback (e.g. play random move, or somehow find the "most similar position" and use that, ...). As another approach one may try to use some **non neural network [machine learnening](machine_learning.md)**, for example [genetic programming](genetic_programming.md), to train the evaluation function, which will then be used in the tree search. Another idea that's being tried (e.g. in the Maia engine) is **pure neural net AI** (or another form of machine learning) which doesn't use any tree search -- not using search at all has long been thought to be impossible as analyzing a chess position completely statically without any "looking ahead" is extremely difficult, however new neural networks have shown to be extremely good at this kind of thing and pure NN AIs can now play on a master level (a human grandmaster playing ultra bullet is also just a no-calculation, pure pattern recognition play). Next, **[Monte Carlo](monte_carlo.md) tree search** (MCTS) is an alternative way of searching the game tree which may even work without any evaluation function: in it one makes many random playouts (complete games until the end making only random moves) for each checked move and based on the number of wins/losses/draws in those playouts statistically a value is assigned to the move -- the idea is that a move that most often leads to a win is likely the best. Another Monte Carlo approach may just make random playouts, stop at random depth and then use normal static evaluation function (horizon effect is a danger but hopefully its significance should get minimized in the averaging). However MCTS is pretty tricky to do well. MCTS is used e.g. in Komodo Dragon, the engine that's currently among the best. Another approach may lie in somehow using several methods and [heuristics](heuristic.md) to vote on which move would be best.
+**Alternative approaches**: most engines work as described above (search plus evaluation function) with some minor or bigger modifications. The simplest possible stupid AI can just make random moves, which will of course be an extremely weak opponent (though even weaker can be made, but these will actually require more complex code as to play worse than random moves requires some understanding and searching for the worst moves) -- one might perhaps try to just program a few simple rules to make it a bit less stupid and possibly a simple training opponent for complete beginners: the AI may for example pick a few "good looking" candidate moves that are "usually OK" (pushing a pawn, taking a higher value piece, castling, ...) and aren't a complete insanity, then pick one at random only from those (this randomness can further be improved and gradually controlled by scoring the moves somehow and adding a more or less random value from some range to each score, then picking the moves with highest score). One could also try to just program in a few generic rules such as: checkmate if you can, otherwise take an unprotected piece, otherwise protect your own unprotected piece etc. -- this could produce some beginner level bot. Another idea might be a "Chinese room" bot that doesn't really understand chess but has a huge database of games (which it may even be fetching from some Internet database) and then just looking up what moves good players make in positions that arise on the board, however a database of all positions will never exist, so in case the position is not found there has to be some fallback (e.g. play random move, or somehow find the "most similar position" and use that, ...). As another approach one may try to use some **non neural network [machine learnening](machine_learning.md)**, for example [genetic programming](genetic_programming.md), to train the evaluation function, which will then be used in the tree search. Another idea that's being tried (e.g. in the Maia engine) is **pure neural net AI** (or another form of machine learning) which doesn't use any tree search -- not using search at all has long been thought to be impossible as analyzing a chess position completely statically without any "looking ahead" is extremely difficult, however new neural networks have shown to be extremely good at this kind of thing and pure NN AIs can now play on a master level (a human grandmaster playing ultra bullet is also just a no-calculation, pure pattern recognition play). Next, **[Monte Carlo](monte_carlo.md) tree search** (MCTS) is an alternative way of searching the game tree which may even work without any evaluation function: in it one makes many random playouts (complete games until the end making only random moves) for each checked move and based on the number of wins/losses/draws in those playouts statistically a value is assigned to the move -- the idea is that a move that most often leads to a win is likely the best. Another Monte Carlo approach may just make random playouts, stop at random depth and then use normal static evaluation function (horizon effect is a danger but hopefully its significance should get minimized in the averaging). However MCTS is pretty tricky to do well. MCTS is used e.g. in Komodo Dragon, the engine that's currently among the best. Another approach may lie in somehow using several methods and [heuristics](heuristic.md) to vote on which move would be best.
 
 Many other aspects come into the AI design such as opening books (databases of best opening moves), endgame tablebases (precomputed databases of winning moves in simple endgames), clock management, pondering (thinking on opponent's move), learning from played games etc. For details see the above linked chess programming wiki.
 
@@ -272,6 +272,8 @@ Chess is only mildly [bloated](bloat.md) but what if we try to unbloat it comple
 - [hexapawn](hexapawn.md)
 - [hex game](hex_game.md)
 - [checkers](checkers.md)
+- [advance wars](advance_wars.md)
 - [backgammon](backgammon.md)
 - [Deep Blue](deep_blue.md)
+- [stockfish](stockfish.md)
 - [anal bead](anal_bead.md)

computer.md

@@ -83,4 +83,4 @@ Here is a list of notable computers.
 |[PD computer](public_domain_computer.md) |      |                                                   | planned LRS computer                              |
 |[Turing machine](turing_machine.md)      |      |                                                   | important theoretical computer by Alan Turing     |
 
-TODO: mnt reform 2, pinephone, NeXT, ti-89, quantum?, wii?
+TODO: mnt reform 2, pinephone, NeXT, 3DO, ti-89, quantum?, wii?

copyright.md

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 # Copyright
 
+*"When copying is outlawed, only outlaws will have culture."* --[Question Copyright website](https://questioncopyright.org/)
+
 Copyright (better called *copyrestriction* or *copywrong*) is one of many types of so called "[intellectual property](intellectual_property.md)" (IP), a legal concept that allows "ownership", i.e. restriction, [censorship](censorship.md) and artificial [monopoly](monopoly.md) on certain kinds of [information](information.md), for example prohibition of sharing or viewing useful [information](information.md) or improving [art](art.md) works. Copyright specifically allows the copyright holder (not necessarily the author) a monopoly (practically absolute power) over [art](art.md) creations such as images, songs or texts, which also include source code of computer [programs](program.md). Copyright is a [capitalist](capitalism.md) mechanism for creating [artificial scarcity](artificial_scarcity.md), enabling censorship and elimination of the [public domain](public_domain.md) (a pool of freely shared works that anyone can use and benefit from). Copyright is not to be confused with [trademarks](trademark.md), [patents](patent.md) and other kinds of "intellectual property", which are similarly [harmful](harmful.md) but legally different. Copyright is symbolized by C in a circle or in brackets: (C), which is often accompanies by the phrase "all rights reserved".
 
 When someone creates something that can even remotely be considered artistic expression (even such things as e.g. a mere collection of already existing things), he automatically gains copyright on it, without having to register it, pay any tax, announce it or let it be known anywhere in any way. He then practically has a full control over the work and can successfully sue anyone who basically just touches the work in any way (even unknowingly and unintentionally). Therefore **any work (such as computer code) without a [free](free_software.md) license attached is implicitly fully "owned" by its creator** (so called "all rights reserved") and can't be used by anyone without permission. It is said that copyright can't apply to ideas (ideas are covered by [patents](patent.md)), only to expressions of ideas, however that's [bullshit](bs.md), the line isn't clear and is arbitrarily drawn by judges; for example regarding stories in books it's been established that the story itself can be copyrighted, not just its expression (e.g. you can't rewrite the [Harry Potter](harry_potter.md) story in different words and start selling it).

data_structure.md

@@ -1,9 +1,13 @@
 # Data Structure
 
-Data structure refers to a any specific way in which [data](data.md) is organized in computer memory. A specific data structure describes such things as order, relationships (interconnection, hierarchy, ...), formats and [types](data_type.md) of parts of the data. [Programming](programming.md) is sometimes seen as consisting mainly of two things: design of [algorithms](algorithm.md) and data structures these algorithm work with.
+*Not to be confused with [data type](data_type.md).*
+
+Data structure refers to a any specific way in which [data](data.md) is organized in computer memory, which often comes with associated efficient operations on such data. A specific data structure describes such things as order, relationships (interconnection, hierarchy, ...), helper values ([checksum](checksum.md), [indices](index.md), ...), formats and [types](data_type.md) of parts of the data. [Programming](programming.md) is sometimes seen as consisting mainly of two things: design of [algorithms](algorithm.md) and data structures these algorithm work with.
 
 As a programmer dealing with a specific problem you oftentimes have a choice of multiple data structures -- choosing the right one is essential for performance and efficiency of your program. As with everything, each data structure has advantages and also its downsides; some are faster, some take less memory etc. For example for a searchable database of text string we can be choosing between a [binary tree](binary_tree.md) and a [hash table](hash_table.md); hash table offers theoretically much faster search, but binary trees may be more memory efficient and offer many other efficient operations like range search and sorting (which hash tables can do but very inefficiently).
 
+**What's the difference between data structure and (a potentially structured/complex) [data type](data_type.md)?** This can be tricky, in some specific cases the terms may even be interchanged without committing an error, but there is an important difference -- data structure is a PHYSICAL ORGANIZATION of data and though it's often associated with operations and algorithms (e.g. a binary tree comes with a natural search algorithm), the stress is on the layout of data in memory; on the other hand data type can be seen as a more abstract term defined by a SET OF ALLOWED VALUES and OPERATIONS on those values, usually without paying much attention to how those values and operations internally work, although in practice of course we rarely ignore this and often talk about a data type as being connected to specific data structure, which may be where the confusion comes from (also `struct` is a name of a data type in some languages, something potentially confusing as well). For example an ASCII text string is a data type, its set of values are all possible sequences of ASCII symbols and operations it allows are e.g. concatenation, substring search, substring replacement etc. This specific data type can be internally implemented differently, though one of the most natural ways is a "zero terminated string", i.e. [array](array.md) of values that always ends with value zero -- this is A DATA STRUCTURE. Because string, a data type, and zero terminated string (an array of values) are so closely connected, we may sometimes hear a *string* being called both a data type and data structure. However consider another example: a [dictionary](dictionary.md) -- this is a DATA TYPE, very frequently used e.g. in [Python](python.md), which allows storage of pairs of values; again dictionary itself is a data type defining only "how it behaves on the outside", but it can be implemented in several ways, for example with [trees](tree.md), [hash tables](hash_table.md) or [arrays](array.md), i.e. different DATA STRUCTURES. Different Python implementations will all offer the same dictionary data type but may use a different underlying data structure for it.
+
 ## Specific Data Structures
 
 These are just some common ones:
@@ -20,11 +24,14 @@ These are just some common ones:
 - [heap](heap.md)
 - [linked list](linked_list.md)
 - [N-ary tree](nary_tree.md)
+- pascal [string](string.md)
 - [record](record.md)
 - [stack](stack.md)
-- [string](string.md)
+- zero terminated [string](string.md)
 - [tree](tree.md)
+- [tuple](tuple.md)
 - [queue](queue.md)
+- ...
 
 ## See Also
 

doom.md

@@ -40,7 +40,9 @@ There is no [antialiasing](antialiasing.md) in the engine, i.e. aliasing can be
 
 ## See Also
 
+- [Anarch](anarch.md)
 - [Duke 3D](duke3d.md)
+- [Gloom](gloom.md) (fun [Amiga](amiga.md) Doom clone)
 - [Quake](quake.md)
 - [Jedi engine](jedi_engine.md)
 - [Build engine](build_engine.md)

drummyfish.md

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 *"Next time you're considering [offing yourself](suicide.md), go for it."* --genuine reaction of normal people in Xonotic to drummyfish advocating people should love each other
 
+{ My email is currently: drummyfish AT disroot DOT org. ~drummyfish }
+
 Drummyfish (also known as *tastyfish*, *drummy*, *drumy*, *smellyfish* and *i forcefeed my diarrhea to capitalism*) is a programmer, [anarchopacifist](anpac.md) and proponent of [free software/culture](free_software.md), who started [this wiki](lrs_wiki.md) and invented the kind of software it focuses on: [less retarded software](lrs.md) (LRS). Besides others he has written [Anarch](anarch.md), [small3dlib](small3dlib.md), [raycastlib](raycastlib.md), [smallchesslib](smallchesslib.md), [tinyphysicsengine](tinyphysicsengine.md), [SAF](saf.md) and [comun](comun.md). He has also been creating free culture art and otherwise contributing to free projects such as [OpenMW](openm.md); he's been contributing with [public domain](pd.md) art of all kind (2D, 3D, music, ...) and writings to [Wikipedia](wikipedia.md) (no longer cause ban), [Wikimedia Commons](wm_commons.md) (also banned now), [opengameart](oga.md), [libregamewiki](lgw.md), freesound and others. Drummyfish is insane/neuroretarded, suffering from anxiety/[depression](depression.md)/etcetc. (diagnosed [avoidant personality disorder](avpd.md)) and has more than once been called a [schizo](schizo.md), though psychiatrists didn't officially diagnose him with schizophrenia (yet). He sometimes [self harms](self_harm.md), both physically and socially. Due to spreading uncensored truth, helping and loving others and revealing corruption he is banned and censored on many places on the Internet, including [Wikipedia](wikipedia.md), Wikimedia Commons, [4chan](4chan.md), [GitLab](gitlab.md), many [subreddits](reddit.md), some [Xonotic](xonotic.md) and [Openarena](openarena.md) servers etc. He also has no [real life](irl.md) and is pretty retarded when it comes to leading projects or otherwise dealing with people or practical life. He is a [wizard](wizard.md).
 
 **Drummyfish is the most physically disgusting bastard on [Earth](earth.md)**, no woman ever loved him, he is so ugly people get suicidal thoughts from seeing any part of him.

duskos.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Dusk OS is a work in progress non-[Unix](unix.md) extremely [minimalist](minimal
 
 The project has a private mailing list. Apparently there is talk about the system being useful even before the collapse and so it's even considering things like [networking](network.md) support etc. -- as [capitalism](capitalism.md) unleashes hell on [Earth](earth.md), any simple computer capable of working on its own and allowing the user complete control will be tremendously useful, even if it's just a programmable calculator. Once [GNU](gnu.md)/[Linux](linux.md) and [BSD](bsd.md)s sink completely (very soon), this may be where we find the safe haven.
 
-The only bad thing about the project at the moment seems to be the presence of some [pseudoleftists](pseudoleft.md) around the project, threatening political takeover etcetc. At the moment there's thankfully no [code of censorship](coc.md) :-) If the project gets more popular it will be forced. Hopefully [forks](fork.md) will come if anything goes wrong.
+The only bad thing about the project at the moment seems to be the presence of some [pseudoleftists](pseudoleft.md) around the project, threatening political takeover etcetc. At the moment there's thankfully no [code of censorship](coc.md) :-) If the project gets more popular it will be forced. Hopefully [forks](fork.md) will come if anything goes wrong. In any case, [we](lrs.md) will be continuing our independent work that will probably yield a similar system, thought much later.
 
 { I'm not 100% sure about everything that will follow as I'm still studying this project, please forgive mistakes, double check claims. ~drummyfish }
 

fediverse.md

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ Fediverse is partly nice, employing a few cool ideas, but also quite [shitty](sh
 
 - It is **greatly [bloated](bloat.md)**, mostly relying on [modern](modern.md) browsers with [JavaScript](javasript.md) and [encryption](encryption.md), multiple complex [protocols](protocol.md), hugely complicated [backends](backend.md) etc.
 - It is **[capitalist software](capitalist_software.md), trying to mimic capitalist ways** just with a "[FOSS](foss.md) sticker" on it, they just copy [twitter](twitter.md), [Facebook](facebook.md) and [reddit](reddit.md) closely, keeping it based on content consumerism, like whoring, friend hoarding, scrolling addiction etc. -- a free license doesn't fix this. Fediverse doesn't care about actual freedom but rather about a "freedom" label, aiming more for getting big rather than getting actually good. A truly good network would just be based on a completely different set of ideas, see e.g. [gopher](gopher.md).
-- It is **[censored](censorship.md) and greatly infected with [pseudoleftist](pseudoleft.md) ideology**. While decentralization prevents hardcore global blocks, most network instances just block the minority of instances that allow [free speech](free_speech.md), creating isolated islands, most of which have speech filters etc. Furthermore people using these networks are for the greatest part [soyboys](soyboy.md), soydevs and [SJW](sjw.md)s circlejerking their posts, blocking everyone else AND the software projects themselves are made by the same people, employing [codes of censorship](coc.md) etc.
+- It **embraces [censorship](censorship.md) (see e.g. [fediblock](fediblock.md)) and is greatly infected with [pseudoleftist](pseudoleft.md) ideology**. While decentralization prevents hardcore global blocks, most network instances just block the minority of instances that allow [free speech](free_speech.md), creating isolated islands, most of which have speech filters etc. Furthermore people using these networks are for the greatest part [soyboys](soyboy.md), [soydevs](soydev.md) and [SJW](sjw.md)s circlejerking their posts, blocking everyone else AND the software projects themselves are made by the same people, employing [codes of censorship](coc.md) etc.
 - It is **developed mostly by incompetent people** -- as said, the users and developers are mainstreamers, mostly 16 year old trans zoomers who just learned about computers and are just bashing together stuff in JavaScript, they have no real plan or vision, neither do they know anything about good technology design. The result looks accordingly.
-- ...
+- ...
+
+There seems to be a pretty nice "offensive" wiki connected to fediverse at https://fediverse.wiki/wiki/Main_Page.

free_software.md

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ Though unknown to common people, the invention and adoption of free software has
 
 **Is free software [communism](communism.md)?** This is a question often debated by [Americans](usa.md) who have a panic phobia of anything resembling ideas of sharing and giving away for free. The answer is: yes and no. No as in it's not [Marxism](marxism.md), the kind of [evil](evil.md) pseudocommunism that plagued the world not a long time long ago -- that was a hugely complex, twisted violent ideology encompassing whole society which furthermore betrayed many basic ideas of equality and so on. Compared to this free software is just a simple idea of not applying intellectual property to software, and this idea may well function under some form of early capitalism. But on the other hand yes, free software is communism in its general form that simply states that sharing is good, it is communism as much as e.g. teaching a kid to share toys with its siblings.
 
-# Definition
+## Definition
 
 Free software was originally defined by [Richard Stallman](rms.md) for his [GNU](gnu.md) project. The definition was subsequently adopted and adjusted by other groups such as [Debian](debian.md) or [copyfree](copyfree.md) and so nowadays there isn't just one definition, even though the GNU definition is usually implicitly assumed. However, all of these definition are very similar and are quite often variations and subsets of the original one. The GNU definition of free software is paraphrased as follows:
 
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ To make it clear, freedom 0 (use for any purpose) covers ANY use, even commercia
 
 The developers of Debian operating system have created their own guidelines (Debian Free Software Guidelines) which respect these points but are worded in more complex terms and further require e.g. non-functional data to be available under free terms as well ([source](https://people.debian.org/~bap/dfsg-faq.html#not_just_code)), respecting also [free culture](free_culture.md), which GNU doesn't ([source](https://www.gnu.org/distros/free-system-distribution-guidelines.en.html#non-functional-data)). The definition of "[open source](open_source.md)" is yet more complex even though in practice legally free software is eventually also open source and vice versa. The [copyfree](copyfree.md) definition tries to be a lot more strict about freedom and forbids for example [copyleft](copyleft.md) (which GNU promotes) and things such as [DRM](drm.md) clauses (i.e. a copyfree license mustn't impose technology restrictions, even those seen as "justified", for similar reasons why we don't prohibit any kind of use for example).
 
-# History
+## History
 
 Free software was invented by [Richard Stallman](rms.md) in the 1980s. His free software movement inspired later movements such as the [free culture](free_culture.md) movement and the evil [open-source](open_source.md) movement.
 
@@ -43,11 +43,11 @@ Free software was invented by [Richard Stallman](rms.md) in the 1980s. His free
 
 **The "free software alternatives" question** is one that's constantly being discussed under [capitalism](capitalism.md): [corporations](corporation.md) try to forcefully keep users enslaved by proprietary software environments while free software proponents and users themselves want to free the users with "alternatives" made as free software. A very common mistake for a free software newcomer to make is to try to **"drop-in replace proprietary software with free software"**; a user used to proprietary software and its ways just wants the programs he's used to, just "without ads and subscriptions etc.". This doesn't work, or only to an extremely limited scale, because the whole proprietary world is made and DESIGNED from the ground up to allow user exploitation as much as possible, with e.g. building such thing like [consumerism](consumerism.md) right into the design of visual elements of the software etc., i.e. proprietary vs free software is not just about a legal [license](license.md), but whole philosophy of technology, asking things such as [why are we so obsessed over "updates"](update_culture.md) or [why are we freaking out about privacy](privacy.md). Trying to drop-in replace proprietary technology with 1 to 1 looking free software is like trying to replace whole capitalism with an "environment friendly capitalism" in which everything works the same except we have cars made of wood and skyscrapers made of recycled paper -- indeed, one sees that to get rid of the destructive nature of capitalism we really have to replace capitalism as such with all its basic concepts with something fundamentally different; and the situation is same with proprietary software.
 
-For example most users nowadays want [GUI](gui.md) in all programs, which is how they've been nurtured by capitalism, however we have to realize that **a truly ([de facto](de_facto.md), not just legally) free software has to be [minimalist](minimalism.md)** and so most TRULY free software will mostly work only from the [command line](cli.md); a command line program is not necessarily harder or less comfortable to use (users are just nurtured to think so by capitalism), it is however inherently more free than a GUI one in all ways (not only by being more flexible, efficient, [portable](portable.md) and non-discrimination, but also simpler and therefore e.g. modifiable by more people). We have to realize that a **freedom respecting computing environment INHERENTLY LOOKS DIFFERENT from the proprietary one**, the matter is NOT only about the license (free license is just a necessary condition to allow freedom under capitalism, however it is not a sufficient condition for freedom). Some projects calling themselves "free" (or rather "[open source](open_source.md)") make the mistake (sometimes intentionally, exactly to e.g. more easily pull over more users from the proprietary land) of simply mimicking proprietary ways 1 to 1 -- see e.g. [Fediverse](fediverse.md) ("free" facebook/twitter/etc.), [Blender](blender.md) etc. -- these are technically/legally free, but not actually, de-facto free. While a short-sighted view tells us this wins more users from the proprietary platforms, in long term we see we are just rebuilding dystopias, only painted with brighter colors so as to make them look friendlier (and oftentimes this is exactly the aim of the authors). Transitioning to TRULY free platforms is harder -- **one has to relearn basic things** such as, as has been mentioned, working with command line rather than GUI -- but ultimately right as one really gets more freedom, however under capitalist pressure and nurturing it is a hard thing to do, requiring extorting a lot of energy to resist the pressures of society.
+For example most users nowadays want [GUI](gui.md) in all programs, which is how they've been nurtured by capitalism, however we have to realize that **a truly ([de facto](de_facto.md), not just legally) free software has to be [minimalist](minimalism.md)** and so most TRULY free software will mostly work only from the [command line](cli.md); a command line program is not necessarily harder or less comfortable to use (users are just nurtured to think so by capitalism), it is however inherently more free than a GUI one in all ways (not only by being more flexible, efficient, [portable](portability.md) and non-discrimination, but also simpler and therefore e.g. modifiable by more people). We have to realize that a **freedom respecting computing environment INHERENTLY LOOKS DIFFERENT from the proprietary one**, the matter is NOT only about the license (free license is just a necessary condition to allow freedom under capitalism, however it is not a sufficient condition for freedom). Some projects calling themselves "free" (or rather "[open source](open_source.md)") make the mistake (sometimes intentionally, exactly to e.g. more easily pull over more users from the proprietary land) of simply mimicking proprietary ways 1 to 1 -- see e.g. [Fediverse](fediverse.md) ("free" facebook/twitter/etc.), [Blender](blender.md) etc. -- these are technically/legally free, but not actually, de-facto free. While a short-sighted view tells us this wins more users from the proprietary platforms, in long term we see we are just rebuilding dystopias, only painted with brighter colors so as to make them look friendlier (and oftentimes this is exactly the aim of the authors). Transitioning to TRULY free platforms is harder -- **one has to relearn basic things** such as, as has been mentioned, working with command line rather than GUI -- but ultimately right as one really gets more freedom, however under capitalist pressure and nurturing it is a hard thing to do, requiring extorting a lot of energy to resist the pressures of society.
 
-After some years dealing with software freedom (in serious ways, making money doesn't count) many -- including [us](lrs.md) -- realize that the "licensing" fuzz and legal questions, though important, are the surface, shallow views of freedom; one that also gets exploited by many (see e.g. [openwashing](openwashing.md)). Those who seek real freedom will sooner or later find themselves focusing on [minimalism](minimalism.md) and simplicity, e.g. [LRS](lrs.md), [suckless](suckless.md), [Bitreich](bitreich.md) etc. Going yet further, one starts to see the inherent interconnections of technology and whole society, and has to become interested also in social concepts, hence our proposal of [less retarded society](less_retarded_society.md).
+After some years dealing with software freedom (in serious ways, making money doesn't count) many -- including [us](lrs.md) -- realize that the "licensing" fuss and legal questions, though important, are the surface, shallow views of freedom; one that also gets exploited by many (see e.g. [openwashing](openwashing.md)). Those who seek real freedom will sooner or later find themselves focusing on [minimalism](minimalism.md) and simplicity, e.g. [LRS](lrs.md), [suckless](suckless.md), [Bitreich](bitreich.md) etc. Going yet further, one starts to see the inherent interconnections of technology and whole society, and has to become interested also in social concepts, hence our proposal of [less retarded society](less_retarded_society.md).
 
-# See Also
+## See Also
 
 - [free hardware](free_hardware.md)
 - [open source](open_source.md)

game.md

@@ -137,11 +137,13 @@ Trademarks have been known to cause problems in the realm of libre games, for ex
 
 Of [proprietary](proprietary.md) video games we should mention especially those that to us have [clonning](clone.md) potential. [Doom](doom.md) (possibly also [Wolfenstein 3d](wolf3d.md)) and other 90s shooters such as [Duke Nukem 3D](duke3d.md), Shadow Warrior and [Blood](blood.md) (the great 90s [boomer shooters](boomer_shooter.md)) were excellent. [Trackmania](trackmania.md) is a very interesting racing game like no other, based on kind of [speedrunning](speedrun.md), [easy to learn, hard to master](easy_to_learn_hard_to_master.md), very entertaining even solo. The Witness was a pretty rare case of a good newer game, set on a strange island with puzzles the player learns purely by observation. [The Elder Scrolls](tes.md) (mainly Morrowind, Obvlidion and Skyrim) are very captivating [RPG](rpg.md) games like no other, with extreme emphasis on [freedom](freedom.md) and lore; [Pokemon](pokemon.md) games on [GBC](gbc.md) and [GBA](gba.md) were similar in this while being actually pretty tiny games on small old handhelds. [GTA](gta.md) games also offered a great open world freedom and fun based on violence, sandbox world and great gangster-themed story. Advance Wars was a great turn based strategy on [GBA](gba.md) (and possibly one of the best games on that console), kind of glorified [chess](chess.md) with amazing pixel art graphics. Warcraft III was possibly the best real time strategy game with awesome aesthetics. Its successor, [World of Warcraft](wow.md), is probably the most notable [MMORPG](mmorpg.md) with the same lovely aesthetics and amazing feel that would be worth bringing over to the free world (even if just in 2D or only [text](mud.md)). [Diablo](diablo.md) (one and two) were a bit similar to WoW but limited to singleplayer and a few man multiplayer; there exists a nice libre Diablo clone called [Flare](flare.md) now. Legend of Grimrock (one and two) is another rare case of actually good new take on an old concept of [dungeon crawlers](dungeon_crawler.md). Half Life games are also notable especially for their atmosphere, storyline and lore. [Minecraft](minecraft.md) was another greatly influential game that spawned basically a new genre, though we have now basically a perfect clone called [Minetest](minetest.md). [Dward Fortress](dwarf_fortress.md) is also worth mentioning as the "most complex simulation ever made" -- it would be nice to have a free clone. TODO: more.
 
+[Gamebooks](gamebook.md) -- books that require the reader to participate in the story and make choices executed by jumping to different pages based on given choice -- are worthy of mention as an interesting combination of a [book](book.md) and a game, something similar to computer adventure games -- in gamebooks lies a great potential for creating nice LRS games.
+
 As for the [free (as in freedom)](free_software.md) libre games, let the following be a sum up of some nice games that are somewhat close to [LRS](lrs.md), at least by some considerations.
 
 **Computer games:** [Anarch](anarch.md) and [microTD](utd.md) are examples of games trying to closely follow the [less retarded](lrs.md) principles while still being what we would normally call a computer game. [SAF](saf.md) is a less retarded game library/fantasy console which comes with some less retarded games such as [microTD](utd.md). If you want something closer to the mainstream while caring about freedom, you probably want to check out libre games (but keep in mind they are typically not so LRS and do suck in many ways). Some of the highest quality among them are [Xonotic](xonotic.md), 0 A.D., [openarena](openarena.md), [Freedoom](Freedoom.md), Neverball, SupertuxKart, [Minetest](minetest.md), The Battle for Wesnoth, Blackvoxel etcetc. -- these are usually quite [bloated](bloat.md) though.
 
-As for **non-computer games**: these are usually closer to LRS than any computer game. Many old board games are awesome, including [chess](chess.md), [go](go.md), [shogi](shogi.md), [xiangqi](xiangqi.md), [backgammon](backgammon.md), [checkers](cheskers.md) etc. Some card games also, TODO: which ones? :) Pen and pencil games that are amazing include [racetrack](racetrack.md), pen and pencil football etc. Nice real life physics games include [football](football.md), [marble racing](marble_racing.md) etc.
+As for **non-computer games**: these are usually closer to LRS than any computer game. Many old board games are awesome, including [chess](chess.md), [go](go.md), [shogi](shogi.md), [xiangqi](xiangqi.md), [backgammon](backgammon.md), [checkers](cheskers.md) etc. [Gamebooks](game_book.md) can be very LRS -- they can be implemented both as computer games and non-computer physical books, and can further be well combined with creating a [free universe](free_universe.md). Some card games also, TODO: which ones? :) Pen and pencil games that are amazing include [racetrack](racetrack.md), pen and pencil football etc. Nice real life physics games include [football](football.md), [marble racing](marble_racing.md) etc.
 
 ## See Also
 
@@ -153,5 +155,6 @@ As for **non-computer games**: these are usually closer to LRS than any computer
 - [fantasy console](fantasy_console.md)
 - [SAF](saf.md)
 - [chess](chess.md)
+- [gamebook](gamebook.md)
 - [tangram](tangram.md)
 - [game of life](game_of_life.md)

gemini.md

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # Gemini
 
-Gemini is a [shitty](shit.md) [pseudominimalist](pseudominimalism.md) network [protocol](protocol.md) for publishing, browsing and downloading files, a simpler alternative to the [World Wide Web](www.md) and a more complex alternative to [gopher](gopher.md) (by which it was inspired). It is a part of so called [Smol Internet](smol_internet.md). Gemini aims to be a "[modern](modern.md) take on gopher", adding some new "features" and [bloat](bloat.md), it's also more of a toxic, [SJW](sjw.md) soydev version of gopher; gemini is to gopher a bit like what [Rust](rust.md) it to [C](c.md). The project states it wants to be something in the middle between Web and gopher but doesn't want to replace either (but secretly it wants to replace gopher).
+Gemini is a [shitty](shit.md) [pseudominimalist](pseudominimalism.md) network [protocol](protocol.md) for publishing, browsing and downloading files, a simpler alternative to the [World Wide Web](www.md) and a more complex alternative to [gopher](gopher.md) (by which it was inspired). It is a part of so called [Smol Internet](smol_internet.md). Gemini aims to be a "[modern](modern.md) take on gopher", adding some new "features" and [bloat](bloat.md), it's also more of a [toxic](toxic.md), [SJW](sjw.md) [soydev](soydev.md) version of gopher; gemini is to gopher a bit like what [Rust](rust.md) it to [C](c.md). The project states it wants to be something in the middle between Web and gopher but doesn't want to replace either (but secretly it wants to replace gopher). Gemini is for zoomers in programming socks, gopher is for the real [neckbeards](neckbeard.md).
 
-On one hand Gemini is kind of cool but on the other hand it's pretty [shit](shit.md), especially by REQUIRING the use of [TLS](tls.md) [encryption](encryption.md) for "muh security" because the project was made by privacy freaks that advocate the *ENCRYPT ABSOLUTELY EVERYTHIIIIIING* philosophy. This is firstly mostly unnecessary (it's not like you do Internet banking over Gemini) and secondly adds a shitton of [bloat](bloat.md) and prevents simple implementations of clients and servers. Some members of the community called for creating a non-encrypted Gemini version, but that would basically be just gopher. Not even the Web goes as far as REQUIRING encryption (at least for now), so it may be better and easier to just create a simple web 1.0 website rather than a Gemini capsule. And if you want ultra simplicity, we highly advocate to instead prefer using [gopher](gopher.md) which doesn't suffer from the mentioned issue.
+On one hand Gemini is kind of cool but on the other hand it's pretty [shit](shit.md), especially by **REQUIRING the use of [TLS](tls.md) [encryption](encryption.md)** for "muh security" because the project was made by privacy freaks that advocate the *ENCRYPT ABSOLUTELY EVERYTHIIIIIING* philosophy. This is firstly mostly unnecessary (it's not like you do Internet banking over Gemini) and secondly adds a shitton of [bloat](bloat.md) and prevents simple implementations of clients and servers. Some members of the community called for creating a non-encrypted Gemini version, but that would basically be just gopher. Not even the Web goes as far as REQUIRING encryption (at least for now), so it may be better and easier to just create a simple web 1.0 website rather than a Gemini capsule. And if you want ultra simplicity, we highly advocate to instead prefer using [gopher](gopher.md) which doesn't suffer from the mentioned issue.
 
 ## See Also
 

graveyard.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-# Cathedral
+# Graveyard
 
-Welcome to the cathedral. Here we mourn the death of [technology](technology.md) by the hand of [capitalism](capitalism.md).
+Welcome to the graveyard. Here we mourn the death of [technology](technology.md), [art](art.md), [science](science.md) and other deceased by the hand of [capitalism](capitalism.md) and its countless children such as [Feminism](feminism.md), [LGBT](lgbt.md), [consumerism](consumerism.md) and so on.
 
 { Sometimes we are very depressed from what's going on in this world, how technology is raped and used by living beings against each other. Seeing on a daily basis the atrocities done to the art we love and the atrocities done by it -- it is like watching a living being die. Sometimes it can help to just know you are not alone. ~drummyfish }
 
@@ -16,4 +16,6 @@ Welcome to the cathedral. Here we mourn the death of [technology](technology.md)
 helping people tremendously until
 its last breath. It was killed by
           capitalism.
-```
+```
+
+Now we better go back [home](island.md).

history.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 This is a brief summary of history of [technology](technology.md) and [computers](computer.md) (and some other things).
 
-The earliest known appearance of technology related to humans is the use of **stone tools** of hominids in Africa some two and a half million years ago. Learning to start and control **fire** was one of the most important advances of earliest humans; this probably happened hundreds of thousands to millions years ago, even before modern humans. Around 8000 BC the **[Agricultural Revolution](agricultural_revolution.md)** happened: this was a disaster -- as humans domesticated animals and plants, they had to abandon the comfortable life of hunters and gatherers and started to suffer greatly from the extremely hard [work](work.md) on their fields (this can be seen e.g. from their bones). This led to the establishment of first cities. Primitive **writing** can be traced to about 7000 BC to China. **Wheel** was another extremely useful technology humans invented, it is not known exactly when or where it appeared, but it might have been some time after 5000 BC -- in Ancient Egypt **The Great Pyramid** was built around 2570 BC still without the knowledge of wheel. Around 4000 BC **history starts with first written records**. Humans learned to smelt and use metals approximately 3300 BC (**Bronze Age**) and 1200 BC (**Iron Age**). **[Abacus](abacus.md)**, one of the simplest devices aiding with computation, was invented roughly around 2500 BC. However people used primitive computation helping tools, such as bone ribs, probably almost from the time they started trading. Babylonians in around 2000 BC were already able to solve some forms of **[quadratic equations](quadratic_equation.md)**.
+The earliest known appearance of technology related to humans is the use of **stone tools** of hominids in Africa some two and a half million years ago. Learning to start and control **[fire](fire.md)** was one of the most important advances of earliest humans; this probably happened hundreds of thousands to millions years ago, even before modern humans. Around 8000 BC the **[Agricultural Revolution](agricultural_revolution.md)** happened: this was a disaster -- as humans domesticated animals and plants, they had to abandon the comfortable life of hunters and gatherers and started to suffer greatly from the extremely hard [work](work.md) on their fields (this can be seen e.g. from their bones). This led to the establishment of first cities. Primitive **writing** can be traced to about 7000 BC to China. **[Wheel](wheel.md)** was another extremely useful technology humans invented, it is not known exactly when or where it appeared, but it might have been some time after 5000 BC -- in Ancient Egypt **The Great Pyramid** was built around 2570 BC still without the knowledge of wheel. Around 4000 BC **history starts with first written records**. Humans learned to smelt and use metals approximately 3300 BC (**Bronze Age**) and 1200 BC (**Iron Age**). **[Abacus](abacus.md)**, one of the simplest devices aiding with computation, was invented roughly around 2500 BC. However people used primitive computation helping tools, such as bone ribs, probably almost from the time they started trading. Babylonians in around 2000 BC were already able to solve some forms of **[quadratic equations](quadratic_equation.md)**.
 
 After 600 BC the Ancient Greek [philosophy](philosophy.md) starts to develop which would lead to strengthening of rational, [scientific](science.md) thinking and advancement of [logic](logic.md) and [mathematics](math.md). Around 300 BC Euklid wrote his famous *Elements*, a mathematical work that proves theorems from basic [axioms](axiom.md). Around 400 BC **[camera obscura](camera_obscura.md)** was already described in a written text from China where **[gears](gear.md)** also seem to have been invented soon after. Ancient Greeks could communicate over great distances using **Phryctoria**, chains of fire towers placed on mountains that forwarded messages to one another using light. 234 BC Archimedes described the famous [Archimedes screw](archimedes_screw.md) and created an **[algorithm](algorithm.md) for computing the number [pi](pi.md)**. In 2nd century BC the **Antikythera mechanism, the first known [analog](analog.md) computer** is made to predict movement of heavenly bodies. Romans are known to have been great builders, they built many roads and such structures as the Pantheon (126 AD) and aqueducts with the use of their own type of concrete and advanced understanding of physics.
 
@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@ Also in 1888 probably the **first [video](video.md)** that survived until today
 
 On December 17 1903 the Wright brothers famously performed the **first controlled flight of a motor airplane** which they built, in North Carolina. In repeated attempts they flew as far as 61 meters over just a few seconds.
 
+From 1914 to 1918 there was **[World War I](ww1.md)**.
+
 Around 1915 [Albert Einstein](einstein.md), a German physicist, completed his **[General Theory of Relativity](relativity.md)**, a groundbreaking physics theory that describes the fundamental nature of space and time and gives so far the best description of the Universe since [Newton](newton.md). This would shake the world of science as well as popular culture and would enable advanced technology including nuclear energy, space satellites, high speed computers and many others.
 
 Int 1907 Lee De Forest invented a practically usable **[vacuum tube](vacuum_tube.md)**, an extremely important part usable in electric devices for example as an amplifier or a switch -- this would enable construction of radios, telephones and later even primitive computers. The invention would lead to the [electronic](electronics.md) revolution.
@@ -50,9 +52,11 @@ In 1931 [Kurt Gödel](kurt_godel.md), a genius mathematician and logician from A
 
 In 1938 [Konrad Zuse](konrad_zuse.md), a German engineer, constructed **[Z1](z1.md), the first working electric mechanical [digital](digital.md) partially programmable computer** in his parents' house. It weighted about a ton and wasn't very reliable, but brought huge innovation nevertheless. It was programmed with punched film tapes, however programming was limited, it was NOT [Turing complete](turing_complete.md) and there were only 8 instructions. Z1 ran on a frequency of 1 to 4 Hz and most operations took several clock cycles. It had a 16 word memory and worked with [floating point](float.md) numbers. The original computer was destroyed during the war but it was rebuilt and nowadays can be seen in a Berlin museum.
 
+From 1939 to 1945 there was **[World War II](ww2.md)**.
+
 In hacker culture the period between 1943 (start of building of the [ENIAC](eniac.md) computer) to about 1955-1960 is known as the **Stone Age of computers** -- as the [Jargon File](jargon_file.md) puts it, the age when electromechanical [dinosaurs](dinosaur.md) ruled the Earth.
 
-In 1945 the construction of **the first electronic digital fully programmable computer** was completed at University of Pennsylvania as the US Army project. It was named **[ENIAC](eniac.md)** (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer). It used 18000 vacuum tubes and 15000 relays, weighted 27 tons and ran on the frequency of 5 KHz. [Punch cards](punch_card.md) were used to program the computer in its machine language; it was [Turing complete](turing_complete.md), i.e. allowed using branches and loops. ENIAC worked with signed ten digit decimal numbers.
+In 1945 the construction of **the first electronic digital fully programmable computer** was completed at University of Pennsylvania as the US Army project. It was named **[ENIAC](eniac.md)** (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer). It used 18000 vacuum tubes and 15000 relays, weighted 27 tons and ran on the frequency of 5 KHz. [Punch cards](punch_card.md) were used to program the computer in its machine language; it was [Turing complete](turing_complete.md), i.e. allowed using branches and loops. ENIAC worked with signed ten digit decimal numbers. Also in 1945 **[USA](usa.md) used two nuclear bombs to murder hundreds of thousands of civilians** in Japanese cities Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
 
 Among hackers the period between 1961 to 1971 is known as the **Iron Age of computers**. The period spans time since the first minicomputer ([PDP1](pdp1.md)) to the first microprocessor ([Intel 4004](intel4004.md)). This would be followed by so called *elder days*.
 

holy_war.md

@@ -21,5 +21,6 @@ Holy war is a long passionate argument over a choice (often between two options)
 - **Star Trek vs Star Wars**, and other franchise wars
 - **Pepsi vs Coca Cola**, and other brand wars
 - **[Quake](quake.md) vs Unreal Tournament**, and similar gaming shit
+- **[gopher](gopher.md) vs [gemini](gemini.md)** (gopher)
 
 Things like cats vs dogs or sci-fi vs fantasy may or may not be a holy war, there is a bit of a doubt in the fact that one can easily like both and/or not be such a diehard fan of one or the other. A subject of holy war probably has to be something that doesn't allow too much of this.

interaction_net.md

@@ -128,5 +128,8 @@ non-termination rule:
            '--------------------------'
 ```
 
+TODO: text representation, compare text representation of interaction nets with grammars?
 
-TODO: text representation, compare text representation of interaction nets with grammars?
+## See Also
+
+- [rule 110](rule110.md)

internet.md

@@ -12,12 +12,12 @@ The following are some stats about the Internet as of 2022: there are over 5 bil
 
 *see also [history](history.md)*
 
-TODO (see https://www.zakon.org/robert/internet/timeline/)
+TODO: https://www.zakon.org/robert/internet/timeline/, https://www.freesoft.org/CIE/Topics/57.htm
 
 ## See Also
 
 - [JWICS](jwics.md), [SIPRNet](siprnet.md), [NIPRNet](niprnet.md) (secret/military networks)
-- [Smol Internet](smol_internet.md)
+- [smol internet](smol_internet.md)
 - [World Wide Web](www.md)
 - [splinternet](splinternet.md)
 - [Kwangmyong](kwangmyong.md) (North Korean intranet)

ioccc.md

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ Some common ideas employed in the programs include:
 - including weird files like `/dev/tty` or recursively including itself
 - [code golfing](code_golf.md)
 - weird stuff like the main function [recursion](recursion.md) or even using it as a signal handler :)
+- ...
 
 And let us also mention a few winning entries:
 
@@ -28,3 +29,4 @@ And let us also mention a few winning entries:
 - [X11](x11.md) Minecraft-like game
 - [web browser](web_browser.md)
 - self-replicating programs
+- ...

island.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-# Welcome to the Island!
+# Welcome To The Island!
 
-This is the freedom island where we live! Feel free to build your house on any free spot. Planting trees and making landscape works are allowed too.
+This is the freedom island where [we](less_retarded_society.md) live! It has [no owner](free_universe.md). Feel free to take off your clothes, we don't wear them here. You can build your house on any free spot. Planting trees and making landscape works are allowed too. Basically we have [no laws](anarchism.md).
 
  ```
                                ____
@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@ This is the freedom island where we live! Feel free to build your house on any f
                 __.-'   /'  XX   i         \_      '-~-.
          ___,--' x  x_/'    Xi     O         '-_
      ___/       __-''   X  X(      i    x       '-._
-  _-'                   i  i          [T]  xX  x    ''-._
+  _-'             [G]   i  i          [T]  xX  x    ''-._
  (                          O      :      ixx            \
   '-                                \_                    )
     ''-__                             '.  ____      ____-'
-         ''--___    [D]      ; x        \/    ''---' 
+         ''--___    [D]      ; x        \/[B] ''---' 
                 ''--__         ;xX       \__
                       \          iX         ''-__
     '-~-.             /           i  O           '--__
@@ -21,8 +21,9 @@ This is the freedom island where we live! Feel free to build your house on any f
             '-~-.     \__                              )
 '-~-.                    ''--___                  ____/
                                 ''--__________--''
-
-D: drummyfish's house
-
-T: The Temple, it has nice view of the sea and we go meditate here, it's a nice walk.
- ```
+ ```
+ 
+- **`B`: [boat](boat.md)**: Here you can depart from the island back to the cruel world.
+- **`D`: [drummyfish's](drummyfish.md) house**: It's a plain single-room bamboo house near the beach, drummyfish lives here with the [dog](dog.md) who however often roams the whole island and welcomes all the newcomers.
+- **`G`: [graveyard](graveyard.md)**
+- **`T`: a modest [zen](zen.md) [temple](temple.md)**: It has nice view of the sea and we go meditate here.

javascript.md

@@ -2,10 +2,31 @@
 
 JavaScript (not to be confused with completely unrelated [Java](java.md) language) is a [bloated](bloat.md) [programming language](programming_language.md) used mainly on the [web](www.md).
 
+TODO: some more shit
 
 TODO
 
 ```
 "11" + 1  // "111"
 "11" - 1  // 10
-```
+```
+
+Here is how to **make your page work only with JavaScript turned off**:
+
+```
+<html>
+<head>
+<script>
+function nuke() { document.body.innerHTML = "<p>disable JavaScript to view this page</p>"; }
+</script>
+</head>
+
+<body onload="nuke()">
+  <h1> My awesome page </h1>
+  <p> My awesome page text :) </p>
+</body>
+
+</html>
+```
+
+{ NOTE: Remember that normally breaking compatibility on purpose is probably bad, it shouldn't be done seriously (don't waste effort on breaking something, rather make something nice, also censorship is always bad), but it's a nice [troll](troll.md) :D Don't forget to have fun sometimes. ~drummyfish }

jokes.md

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ Please do NOT post lame "big-bang-theory"/[9gag](9gag.md) jokes like *sudo make
 - How do you know a project is truly [bloated](bloat.md)? Instructions on how to build it are longer than whole specification of a [suckless programming language](comun.md).
 - Do you use [Emacs](emacs.md)? No, I already have an [operating system](os.md).
 - `alias bitch=sudo`
+- What's a trilobyte? 8 trilobits.
 - a joke for minimalists:
 - When is [Micro$oft](microsoft.md) finally gonna make a product that doesn't suck???! Probably when they start manufacturing vacuum cleaners.
 - Political activists walk into a bar. [Pseudoleftist](pseudoleft) tells his friends: "hey guys, how about we have oppressive rulers and call them a [government](government.md)?" Capitalist says: "well no, let's have oppressive rulers and call them [corporations](corporation.md)". [Liberal](liberal.md) replies: "Why not both?". Monarchist goes: "no, it's all wrong, let's have oppressive rulers and call them Kings." To this pseudo communist says: "that's just shit, let's have oppressive rulers and call them the [proletariat](proletariat.md)". Then [anarcho pacifist](anpac.md) turns to them and says: "Hmmm, how about we don't have any oppressive rulers?". They lynch him.
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@ Please do NOT post lame "big-bang-theory"/[9gag](9gag.md) jokes like *sudo make
 - C++ is to C as brain cancer is to brain
 - At the beginning there was [machine code](machine_code.md). Then they added [assembly](assembly.md) on top of it to make it more comfortable. To make programs portable they created an [operating system](os.md) and a layer of [syscalls](syscall.md). Except it didn't work because other people made other operating systems with different syscalls. So to try to make it portable again they created a high-level language [compiler](compiler.md) on top of it. To make it yet more comfortable they created yet a higher level language and made a [transpiler](transpiler.md) to the lower level language. To make building more platform independent and comfortable they created [makefiles](makefile.md) on top of it. However, more jobs were needed so they created [CMake](cmake.md) on top of makefiles, just in case. It seems like CMake nowadays seems too low level so a new layer will be needed above all the meta-meta-meta build systems. I wonder how high of a tower we can make, maybe they're just trying to get a Guinness world record for the greatest bullshit sandwich in history.
 - How to install a package on [Debian](debian.md)? I don't know, but on my [Arch](arch.md) it's done with `pacman`.
+- [green](greenwashing.md) [capitalism](capitalism.md) :'D my sides
 - Difference between a beginner and pro programmer? Pro programmer fails in a much more sophisticated manner.
 - What is a [computer](computer.md)? A device that can make a hundred million mistakes per second.
 - After all it may not take so long to establish our [utopia](less_retarded_society.md). By the time [Windows](windows.md) has updated we will have already done it ten times over. { Thanks to a friend for this one :) ~drummyfish }
@@ -36,6 +38,7 @@ Please do NOT post lame "big-bang-theory"/[9gag](9gag.md) jokes like *sudo make
 - the [downto](downto.md) operator
 - I find it much more pleasant to browse the web on a 1 bit display, it can't display a [rainbow](lgbt.md).
 - There's a new version of Debian Bull's Eye that's compiled exclusively with [Rust](rust.md). Its code name is [Bull's Shit](bullshit.md). { Again credit goes to my friend <3 ~drummyfish }
+- An [Apple](apple.md) a day keeps [sanity](lrs.md) away. { Thanks to the friend again :D I modified it a bit. ~drummyfish }
 
 ## See Also
 

left_right.md

@@ -46,6 +46,8 @@ Why is there no pseudoright? Because it doesn't make sense :) Left is good, righ
 
 **Centrism** means trying to stay somewhere mid way between left and right, but it comes with issues. From our point of view it's like trying to stay in the middle of good and evil, it is definitely pretty bad to decide to be 50% evil. Another issue with centrism is that it is **unstable**. Centrism means balancing on the edge of two opposing forces and people naturally tend to slip towards the extremes, so a young centrist will have about equal probabilities of slipping either towards extreme left or extreme right, and as society polarizes this way, people become yet more and more inclined to defend their team. Knowing centrism is unsustainable, we realize we basically have to choose which extreme to join, and we choose the left extreme, i.e. joining the good rather than the evil.
 
+{ I came to the realization that rightists are actually much more bearable than pseudoleftists -- it makes sense though, pseudoleft is like right, fascist, but with extra evil of added pretence and sneakiness. While rightists are at their core evil, they are actually many times tolerant as they often value free speech, so you can coexist with a rightist, he will tell you your opinions are stupid but he will let you share them, he is like that one friend who you disagree with but still can have a talk with. Yes, that's right, **a rightist is more tolerant than pseudoleftist**. I do by no means defend rightism, it is pure evil, but the fact that it seems bearable compared to pseudoleft says something about pseudoleft -- pseudoleft is just pure psychopathy. A rightist sometimes at least holds some values, for example he will respect your courage to stand behind an opinion you hold even if he hates it, a pseudoleftist has none of that, an SJW just has no emotion except for hate and rage, he has that soulless robotic stare with the word "EXTERMINATE" flashing before his eyes. You mention a trigger word and he bans you on all servers, you'll be lucky if he doesn't call for your public lynching. ~drummyfish }
+
 ## See Also
 
 - [SJW](sjw.md)

linux.md

@@ -24,11 +24,12 @@ Linux is so called monolithic kernel and as such is more or less [bloat](bloat.m
 Some alternatives to Linux (and Linux-libre) are:
 
 - [GNU Hurd](hurd.md), an unfinished (but somewhat usable) kernel developed by [GNU](gnu.md) itself.
-- [BSD](bsd.md) operating systems such as [FreeBSD](freebsd.md), [NetBSD](netbsd.md) and [OpenBSD](openbsd.md) (probably best from the [LRS](lrs.md) point of view)
+- [BSD](bsd.md) operating systems such as [FreeBSD](freebsd.md), [NetBSD](netbsd.md) and [OpenBSD](openbsd.md) (OpenBSD probably being closest to [LRS](lrs.md))
 - [bare metal](bare_metal.md) UwU
 - [HyperbolaBSD](hyperbolabsd.md)
 - [Minix](minix.md)? Keep checking out smaller projects like [sortix](sortix.md), e.g. on osdevwiki.
 - non-Unix systems like [FreeDOS](freedos.md), [Haiku](haiku.md) (tho possibly not 100% libre?) etc.?
+- [DuskOS](duskos.md) maybe?
 - TODO: MOAR
 
 ## Switching To GNU/Linux

lrs_wiki.md

@@ -1,14 +1,15 @@
 # LRS Wiki
 
-LRS wiki, also Less Retarded Wiki, is a [public domain](public_domain.md) [encyclopedia](encyclopedia.md) focused on good [technology](tech.md) and related topics such as the relationship between technology and society. The goal of LRS is to work towards creating a truly good technology that helps all living beings as much as possible, so called [less retarded software](lrs.md) (LRS), as well as defining a model of ideal society, so called [less retarded society](less_retarded_society.md). As such the wiki rejects for example [capitalist software](capitalist_software.md), [bloated](bloat.md) software, [intellectual property](intellectual_property.md) laws etc. It embraces [free as in freedom](free_software.md), simple technology, i.e. [Unix philosophy](unix_philosophy.md), [suckless](suckless.md) software, [anarcho pacifism](anpac.md), [racial realism](racial_realism.md), [free speech](free_speech.md), [veganism](veganism.md) etc.
+LRS wiki, also Less Retarded Wiki, is a [public domain](public_domain.md) ([CC0](cc0.md)) [encyclopedia](encyclopedia.md) focused on truly good, [minimalist](minimalism.md) [technology](tech.md), mainly [computers](computer.md) [software](sw.md) -- so called [less retarded software](lrs.md) (LRS) which should serve the people at large -- while also exploring related topics such as the relationship between technology and society, promoting so called [less retarded society](less_retarded_society.md). The basic motivation behind LRS and its wiki is unconditional [love](love.md) of all life, and the goal of LRS is to move towards creating a truly useful, [selfless](selflessness.md) technology that maximally helps all living beings as much as possible. As such the wiki rejects for example [capitalist software](capitalist_software.md) (and [capitalism](capitalism.md) itself), [bloated](bloat.md) software, [intellectual property](intellectual_property.md) laws ([copyright](copyright.md), [patents](patent.md), ...) [censorship](censorship.md), [pseudoleftism](pseudoleft.md) ([political correctness](political_correctness.md), [cancel culture](cancel_culture.md), [COC](coc.md)s ...) etc. It embraces [free as in freedom](free_software.md), simple technology, i.e. [Unix philosophy](unix_philosophy.md), [suckless](suckless.md) software, [anarcho pacifism](anpac.md), [racial realism](racial_realism.md), [free speech](free_speech.md), [veganism](veganism.md) etc.
 
-LRS wiki was started by [drummyfish](drummyfish.md) on November 3 2021 as a way of recording and spreading his views and findings about technology, as well as for creating a completely public domain educational resource and account of current society for future generations.
+LRS wiki was started by [drummyfish](drummyfish.md) on November 3 2021 as a way of recording and sharing his views, experience and knowledge about technology, as well as for creating a completely public domain educational resource and account of current society for future generations. It was forked from so called "based wiki" at a point when all the content on it had been made by drummyfish, so at this point LRS wiki is 100% drummyfish's own work; over time it became kind of a snapshot of drummyfish's brain and so the wiki doesn't allow contributions (but allows and encourages [forks](fork.md)).
 
-The wiki is similar to other wikis, for example in its topics and technical aspects it is similar to the earliest (plain HTML) versions of [Wikipedia](wikipedia.md), [wikiwikiweb](wikiwikiweb.md) (by which it was partly inspired) and [permacomputing wiki](permacomputing_wiki.md) (which in turn seems to have been secretly inspired by it). In tone and political incorrectness it is similar to [Encyclopedia Dramatica](dramatica.md).
+The wiki is similar to other wikis, for example in its topics and technical aspects it is similar to the earliest (plain HTML) versions of [Wikipedia](wikipedia.md) and [wikiwikiweb](wikiwikiweb.md) (by which it was partly inspired). In tone and political incorrectness it is similar to [Encyclopedia Dramatica](dramatica.md), but unlike Dramatica LRS is a "serious" project.
 
 ## See Also
 
 - [LRS wiki stats](wiki_stats.md)
 - [LRS wiki style guide](wiki_style.md)
 - [LRS](lrs.md)
-- [less retarded society](less_retarded_society.md)
+- [less retarded society](less_retarded_society.md)
+- [FAQ](faq.md)

main.md

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ Are you a failure? Learn [which type](fail_ab.md) you are.
 
 We have a **[C tutorial](c_tutorial.md)**! It [rocks](rock.md). We also now have **our own programming language!** It is named [comun](comun.md).
 
-Pay us a visit on the [Island](island.md) and pet our [dog](dog.md)! And come mourn with us in the [cathedral](cathedral.md), because **technology is dead**. [Modern](modern.md) age is a pile of [shit](shit.md) extending to another galaxy. The future is dark but we do our best to bring the light, even knowing it is futile.
+Pay us a visit on the [Island](island.md) and pet our [dog](dog.md)! Come mourn to the [graveyard](graveyard.md) because **technology is dead**. Want a **muh [webring](webring.md)** experience? Come board our [boat](boat.md). [Modern](modern.md) age is a pile of [shit](shit.md) extending to another galaxy. The future is dark but we do our best to bring the light, even knowing it is futile.
 
 LRS Wiki is [collapse](collapse.md) ready! Feel free to print it out, take it to your prep shelter. You may also print copies of this wiki and throw it from a plane into the streets. Thanks.
 
@@ -79,11 +79,13 @@ Are you a noob but see our ideas as appealing and would like to join us? Say no
 
 - That [old](old.md) technology (such as toys or alerts in cars) could play prerecorded audio without using any electricity or needing batteries? This was done by [simply](kiss.md) using a plastic disc spinning on a needle (same principle as a vinyl record).
 - That all [Intel](intel.md) [processors](cpu.md) since 2008 (and [AMD](amd.md) processors since 2013) have a hardware [backdoor](backdoor.md) ([Intel ME](intel_me.md), [AMD PSP](amd_psp.md)) that run the [Minix](minix.md) operating system and allows spying on users of those processors no matter what operating system they run?
+- That Wilhelm Rontgen, a Nobel laureate, did not [patent](patent.md) his groundbreaking discoveries, stating that they should be freely available to anyone without any charge?
 - That brain size correlates with [intelligence](intelligence.md) and male brains are on average 10% larger than those of [women](woman.md)? Yep, this still even on [Wikipedia](wikipedia.md), though the implications mustn't be mentioned there.
 - That [capitalism](capitalism.md) is probably the most [retarded](retard.md) and dangerous idea in [history](history.md)?
 - Thanks to [quantum computing](quantum.md) you can use a computer to [carry out computation](counterfactual_computing.md) without actually running the computer?
 - You can mathematically [prove you don't know some information](no_knowledge_proof.md)?
 - That in [capitalism](capitalism.md) low end [CPUs](cpu.md) are made by manufacturing a high end CPU and then purposefully crippling it, just for economic reasons? See e.g. [core unlocking](core_unlocking.md). This also goes for car engines etc.
+- That back in the times of black and white TVs they sold colored transparent plastic sheets to put over the screen to add fake [color](color.md) to it? It was blue on top (for sky), green at the bottom (for grass) and orange in the middle (for people, which would nowadays be seen as "[racist](racism.md)").
 - That a complement of a [formal language](formal_language.md) can be computationally simpler than the original -- for example that a [pushdown automaton](pushdown_automaton.md) cannot tell which strings are of form a^(n)b^(n)c^(n), but it can tell exactly which ones are not?
 - That [LGBT](lgbt.md), [feminism](feminism.md) and similar movements are not truly leftist but rather [pseudoleftist](pseudoleft.md) and therefore [fascist](fascism.md)?
 - That there is no simple formula for calculating the perimeter of an [ellipse](ellipse.md)?
@@ -94,7 +96,7 @@ Are you a noob but see our ideas as appealing and would like to join us? Say no
 Here there are quick directions to some of the important topics; for more see the links provided at the top that include the list of all articles as well as a single page HTML which is good for "fulltext search" via crtl+F :)
 
 - **basics**: [bloat](bloat.md) -- [capitalist software](capitalist_software.md) -- [less retarded society](less_retarded_society.md) -- [LRS](lrs.md) -- [pseudoleft](pseudoleft.md)
-- **LRS inventions/propositions**: [Anarch](anarch.md) -- [comun](comun.md) -- less retarded [chess](chess.md) -- [less retarded hardware](less_retarded_hardware.md) -- [less retarded society](less_retarded_society.md) -- [less retarded software](lrs.md) -- [less retarded watch](less_retarded_watch.md) -- [public domain computer](public_domain_computer.md) -- [raycastlib](raycastlib.md) -- [rock carved binary data](rock_carved_binary_data.md) -- [SAF](saf.md) -- [small3dlib](small3dlib.md) -- [smallchesslib](smallchesslib.md) -- [tinyphysicsengine](tinyphysicsengine.md) -- [world broadcast](world_broadcast.md) -- [unretardation](unretard.md)
+- **LRS inventions/propositions**: [Anarch](anarch.md) -- [boat](boat.md) webring -- [comun](comun.md) -- less retarded [chess](chess.md) -- [less retarded hardware](less_retarded_hardware.md) -- [less retarded society](less_retarded_society.md) -- [less retarded software](lrs.md) -- [less retarded watch](less_retarded_watch.md) -- [public domain computer](public_domain_computer.md) -- [raycastlib](raycastlib.md) -- [rock carved binary data](rock_carved_binary_data.md) -- [SAF](saf.md) -- [small3dlib](small3dlib.md) -- [smallchesslib](smallchesslib.md) -- [tinyphysicsengine](tinyphysicsengine.md) -- [world broadcast](world_broadcast.md) -- [unretardation](unretard.md)
 - **programming/computers**: [3D rendering](3d_rendering.md) -- [binary](binary.md) -- [computer](computer.md) -- [AI](ai.md) -- [algorithm](algorithm.md) -- [C](c.md) -- [C tutorial](c_tutorial.md) -- [computer graphics](graphics.md) -- [data structure](data_structure.md) -- [demoscene](demoscene.md) -- [GNU](gnu.md) -- [hacker culture](hacking.md) -- [hardware](hardware.md) -- [Internet](internet.md) -- [KISS](kiss.md) -- [Linux](linux.md) -- [OOP](oop.md) -- [open consoles](open_console.md) -- [operating system](os.md) -- [optimization](optimization.md) -- [portability](portability.md) -- [procedural generation](procgen.md) -- [programming](programming.md) -- [programming language](programming_language.md) -- [suckless](suckless.md) -- [Unix philosophy](unix_philosophy.md) -- [web](www.md)
 - **math/theory**: [aliasing](aliasing.md) -- [chaos](chaos.md) -- [combinatorics](combinatorics.md) -- [fractal](fractal.md) -- [formal languages](formal_language.md) -- [information](information.md) -- [linear algebra](linear_algebra.md) -- [logic](logic.md) -- [math](math.md) -- [pi](pi.md) -- [probability](probability.md)
 - **society**: [anarchism](anarchism.md) -- [anarcho pacifism](anpac.md) -- [capitalism](capitalism.md) -- [censorship](censorship.md) -- [collapse](collapse.md) -- [communism](communism.md) -- [democracy](democracy.md) -- [everyone does it](everyone_does_it.md) -- [fascism](fascism.md) -- [feminism](feminism.md) -- [fight culture](fight_culture.md) -- [history](history.md) -- [homosexuality](gay.md) -- [left vs right vs pseudoleft](left_right.md) -- [Jesus](jesus.md) -- [less retarded society](less_retarded_society.md) -- [LGBTQWTF](lgbt.md) -- [science](science.md) vs [soyence](soyence.md) -- [productivity cult](productivity_cult.md) -- [selflessness](selflessness.md) -- [socialism](socialism.md) -- [Venus project](venus_project.md) -- [work](work.md)

make_stats.sh

@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@ printf "# LRS Wiki Stats\n\nThis is an autogenerated article holding stats about
 printf -- "- number of articles: " >> $FILE_NAME
 ls *.md | wc -l >> $FILE_NAME
 
+printf -- "- number of commits: " >> $FILE_NAME
+git rev-list --count --all >> $FILE_NAME
+
 printf -- "- total size of all texts in bytes: " >> $FILE_NAME
 cat *.md | wc -c >> $FILE_NAME
 

mechanical.md

@@ -1,16 +1,14 @@
 # Mechanical Computer
 
-WORK IN PROGRESS
-
 Mechanical computer (simple ones also being called *mechanical [calculators](calculator.md)*) is a [computer](computer.md) that uses mechanical components (e.g. levers, marbles, gears, strings, even fluids ...) to perform computation (both [digital](digital.md) and [analog](analog.md)). Not all non-[electronic](electronic.md) computers are mechanical, there are still other types too -- e.g. computers working with [light](light.md), biological, [quantum](quantum.md), [pen and paper](pen_and_paper.md) computers etc. Sometimes it's unclear what counts as a mechanical computer vs a mere calculator, an automaton or mere instrument -- here we will consider the term in a very wide sense. Mechanical computers used to be used in the [past](history.md), mainly before the development of [vacuum tubes](vacuum_tube.md) and [transistors](transistor.md) that opened the door for much more powerful computers. However some still exist today, though nowadays they are usually intended to be educational toys, they are of interest to many (including [us](lrs.md)) as they offer simplicity (independence of [electricity](electricity.md) and highly complex components such as transistors and microchips) and therefore [freedom](freedom.md). They may also offer help after the [collapse](collapse.md). While nowadays it is possible to build a simple electronic computer at home, it's only thanks to being able to buy highly complex parts at the store, i.e. still being dependent on [corporations](corporation.md); in a desert one can much more easily build a mechanical computer than electronic one. Mechanical computers are very cool.
 
 { Britannica 11th edition has a truly amazing article on mechanical computers under the term *Calculating Machines*: https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Calculating_Machines. Also this leads to many resources: https://www.johnwolff.id.au/calculators/Resources.htm. ~drummyfish }
 
-If mechanical computer also utilizes [electronic](electronics.md) parts, it is called an electro-mechanical computer; here we'll however be mainly discussing purely mechanical computers.
+If mechanical computer also utilizes [electronic](electronics.md) parts, it is called an **electro-mechanical** computer; here we'll however be mainly discussing purely mechanical computers.
 
 **Disadvantages** of digital mechanical computers against electronic ones are great, they basically lose at everything except simplicity of implementation (in the desert). Mechanical computer is MUCH slower (speed will be measured in Hz), has MUCH less memory (mostly just a couple of [bits](bit.md) or [bytes](byte.md)), will be difficult to program ([machine code](machine_code.md) only), is MUCH bigger, limited by mechanical friction (so it will also be noisy), suffers from mechanical wear etc. Analog mechanical computers are maybe a bit better in comparison, but still lose to electronics big time. But remember, [less is more](less_is_more.md).
 
-Some notable mechanical computers include e.g. the 1882 [Difference Engine](difference_engine.md) by Charles Babbage (aka the first [programmer](programmer.md)), Antikythera mechanism (ancient Greek astronomical computer), the famous [Curta](curta.md) calculators (quality, powerful pocket-sized mid-20th century calculators) { These are really cool, check them out. ~drummyfish }, [Enigma](enigma.md) ciphering device (used in WWII), [abacus](abacus.md), [slide rule](slide_rule.md), Odhner Arithmometer (extremely popular Russian table calculator), [Digi-Comp](digi_comp.md) I (educational programmable 3 bit toy computer) or [Turing Tumble](turing_tumble.md) { Very KISS and elegant, also check out. ~drummyfish } (another educational computer, using marbles).
+Some **notable mechanical computers** include e.g. the 1882 [Difference Engine](difference_engine.md) by Charles Babbage (aka the first [programmer](programmer.md)), Antikythera mechanism (ancient Greek astronomical computer), the famous [Curta](curta.md) calculators (quality, powerful pocket-sized mid-20th century calculators) { These are really cool, check them out. ~drummyfish }, [Enigma](enigma.md) ciphering device (used in WWII), [abacus](abacus.md), [slide rule](slide_rule.md), Odhner Arithmometer (extremely popular Russian table calculator), [Digi-Comp](digi_comp.md) I (educational programmable 3 bit toy computer) or [Turing Tumble](turing_tumble.md) { Very KISS and elegant, also check out. ~drummyfish } (another educational computer, using marbles).
 
 Let's also take a look at how we can classify mechanical computers. Firstly they can be:
 
@@ -37,7 +35,7 @@ As mere [programmers](programming.md) let us focus more on **digital** computers
 
 When building a digital computer from scratch we usually start by designing basic [logic gates](logic_gate.md) such as AND, NOT and OR -- here we implement the gates using mechanical principles rather than transistors or relays. For simple special-purpose calculators combining these logic gates together may be enough (also note we don't HAVE TO use logic gates, some mechanisms can directly perform arithmetic etc.), however for a highly programmable general purpose computer **logic gates alone practically won't suffice** -- in theory when we have finite memory ([in real world](irl.md) always), we can always just use only logic gates to perform any computation, but as the memory grows, the number of logic gates we would need would grow exponentially, so we don't do this. Instead we will need to additionally implement some **sequential processing**, i.e. something like a [CPU](cpu.md) that performs steps according to program instructions.
 
-Now we have to choose our model of computation and general architecture, we have possibly a number of options. Mainly we may be deciding between having a separate storage for data and program (Harvard architecture) or having the program and data in the same memory (intending for the computer to "reshape" this initial program data into the program's output). Here there are paths to explore, the most natural one is probably trying to imitate a **[Turing machine](turing_machine.md)** (many physical finite-tape Turing machines exist, look them up), probably the simplest "intuitive" computer, but we can even speculate about e.g. some kind of rewriting system imitating formal [grammars](grammar.md), [cellular automata](cellular_automaton.md) etc -- someone actually built a simple and elegant [rule 110](rule110.md) marble computer (look up on YT), which is Turing complete, but not very practical. So Turing machine seems to be the closest to our current idea of a computer (try to program something useful in rule 110...), it's likely the most natural way, so that might be the best first choice we try.
+Now we have to choose our model of computation and general architecture, we have possibly a number of options. Mainly we may be deciding between having a separate storage for data and program (Harvard architecture) or having the program and data in the same memory (intending for the computer to "reshape" this initial program data into the program's output). Here there are paths to explore, the most natural one is probably trying to imitate a **[Turing machine](turing_machine.md)** (many physical finite-tape Turing machines exist, look them up), probably the simplest "intuitive" computer, but we can even speculate about e.g. some kind of rewriting system imitating formal [grammars](grammar.md), [cellular automata](cellular_automaton.md) etc -- someone actually built a simple and elegant [rule 110](rule110.md) marble computer (look up on YT), which is Turing complete but not very practical (see [Turing tarpit](turing_tarpit.md)). So Turing machine seems to be the closest to our current idea of a computer (try to program something useful in rule 110...), it's likely the most natural way, so that might be the best first choice we try.
 
 Turing machine has a separate memory for program and data. To build it we need two main parts: memory tape (an array of [bits](bit.md)) and control unit (table of states and their transitions). We can potentially design these parts separately and let them communicate via some simple interface, which simplifies things. The specific details of the construction will now depend on what components we use (gears, marbles, dominoes, levers, ...)...
 
@@ -68,30 +66,66 @@ Besides others gears/wheels can be used to:
  |    _|||____{ o }____;-;  |
  |             '-;-.  { o } |
  |_____________ { o } _'-'__|   
-                 '-' 
+                 '-'
                   1
-                   
-                   
+
+
        0         1
-  __  ,-,  ___  ,-,  ______
- |   { o }     { o }-,     |
- |   ,;-'  ,-,  '-{ o }    |
- |  _|||__{ o }____;-;     |
- |         '-' .-.{ o }    |
- |___________ { o }'-'_____|   
-               '-' 
-                0
+  __  ,-,  ___  ,-,  _______
+ |   { o }     { o },-,     |
+ |   ,;-'  ,-,  '-'{ o }    |
+ |  _|||__{ o }_____;-;     |
+ |         '-'   .-{ o }    |
+ |_____________ { o }-'_____|   
+                 '-'
+                  0
 ```
 
 *NXOR (equality) gate implemented with gears (counterclockwise/clockwise rotation mean 1/0); the bottom gear rotates counterclockwise only if the both input gears rotate in the same direction.*
 
-### Marbles/Balls
+## Buttons/Levers/Sliders/Etc.
 
-Using marbles (and possibly also similar rolling shapes, e.g. cylinders, disks, ...) for computation is **one of the simplest** and most [KISS](kiss.md) methods for mechanical computers and may therefore be considered very worthy of our attention -- the above mentioned marble [rule 110](rule110.md) computer is a possible candidate for **the most KISS Turing complete computer**. But even with a more complicated marble computer it's still much easier to build a "marble maze" than to build a geared machine (even gears themselves aren't that easy to make).
+Buttons, levers, sliders and similar mechanism can be used in ways similar to gears, the difference being their motion is linear, not circular. A button can represent a bit with its up/down position, a lever can similarly represent a bit by being pointed left/right. As seen below, implementation of basic logic gates can be quite simple, which is an advantage. Disadvantages include for example, similarly to gears, vulnerability to friction -- with many logic gates in a row it will be more difficult to "press" the inputs.
+
+```
+   ___ 0               ___ 0   ___ 0       ___ 0   ___ 0
+  _ | _________       _ | _____ | _       _ | _____ | _
+ |  |          |     |  |       |  |     |  |       |  |
+ |   '--o---.  |     |  '-------'  |     | -----.----- |
+ |________  | _|     |_____ | _____|     |_____ | _____|
+           _|_             ---                 ---
+               1               0
+
+       1                   1   ___ 0           1   ___ 0
+  _---_________       _---_____ | _       _---_____ | _
+ |  |     .-|  |     |  |       |  |     |  |       |  |
+ |  |  .o'  |  |     |  | __.--''  |     | _|________  |
+ |__'-'____ | _|     |__''_ | _____|     |_____ | _____|
+           ---             ---                 _|_
+               0               0                   1
+       NOT                 AND                  OR
+```
+
+*Possible implementation of logic gates with buttons.*
+
+### Marbles/Balls/Coins/Etc.
+
+Using moving marbles (and possibly also similar rolling shapes, e.g. cylinders, disks, ...) for computation is **one of the simplest** and most [KISS](kiss.md) methods for mechanical computers and may therefore be considered very worthy of our attention -- the above mentioned marble [rule 110](rule110.md) computer is a possible candidate for **the most KISS Turing complete computer**. But even with a more complicated marble computer it's still much easier to build a "marble maze" than to build a geared machine (even gears themselves aren't that easy to make).
 
 **Basic principle** is that of a marble performing computation by going through a maze -- while a single marble can be used to evaluate some simple [logic circuit](logic_circuit.md), usually (see e.g. [Turing Tumble](turing_tumble.md)) the design uses many marbles and performs sequential computation, i.e. there is typically a **bucket** of marbles placed on a high place from which we release one marble which (normally by relying on [gravity](gravity.md)) goes through the maze and performs one computation cycle (switches state, potentially flips a memory bit etc.) and then, at the bottom (end of its path), presses a switch to release the next marble from the top bucket. So the computation is autonomous, it consumes marbles from the top bucket and fills the bottom bucket (with few marbles available an operator may sometimes need to refill the top bucket from the bottom one). The maze is usually an angled board onto which we just place obstacles; multiple layers of boards with holes/tunnels connecting them may be employed to allow more complexity. { You can build it from lego probably. ~drummyfish }
 
-NOTE: Balls may be used to perform computation also in other ways than described here, very notable is e.g. the **[billiard ball computer](billiard_ball_computer.md)** (which also has a great advantage of performing reversible computation). However here we will focus on the traditional "marble maze" approach.
+If it's possible it may be actually simpler to use coins instead of marbles -- as they are flat, building a potentially multi-layered maze (e.g. with shifting elements) can be easier, it may be as simple as cutting the layers out of thick cardboard paper and stacking them one on another.
+
+Also an alternative to having a top bucket full of marbles going to the bottom bucket is just having one marble and transporting it back up after each cycle -- this can be done very simply e.g. by tilting the maze the other way, so the computation is then powered by someone (or something) repeatedly tilting the board one way and back again; this is e.g. how the simple rule 110 computer works -- there the marble also does another work on its way back (it updates the barriers in the maze for itself and its neighbors for the next round of the downwards trip), so the "CPU cycle" has two phases.
+
+NOTE: Balls, or potentially other "falling/moving objects", may be used to perform computation also in other ways than we'll describe further on -- some of the alternative approaches are for example:
+
+- The **[billiard ball computer](billiard_ball_computer.md)** (which also has a great advantage of performing reversible computation).
+- Another possible idea is that of the falling object ITSELF encoding a value (likely just a bit), for example imagine some kind of arrow shape which itself represents either 1/0 by pointing up/down, changing its orientation as it passes through the gates (we would also have to ensure the orientation can't change spontaneously on its own of course).
+- A bit can also be represented by presence/absence of the marble -- this is utilized e.g. by *binary marbles* (https://binarymarbles.weebly.com/how-it-works.html). For example the AND gate is implemented by one input marble falling into a hole, making a "bridge" for the other marble that then overcomes the hole and reaches output. Timing may play an important role as some gates (e.g. XOR) require dropping the input marbles simultaneously.
+- ...
+
+These approaches may be tried as well, however further on here we will focus on the traditional "marble maze" approach in which the marbles mostly serve as a kind movement force that flips bits represented by something else (or possibly indicate answer by falling out through a specific hole).
 
 The **disadvantage** here is that the computation is **slow** as to perform one cycle a marble has to travel some path (which may take many seconds, i.e. in the simple form you get a "CPU" with some fractional frequency, e.g. 1/5 Hz). This can potentially be improved a little, e.g. by [pipelining](pipeline.md) (releaseing the next marble as soon as possible, even before the current one finishes the whole path) and [parallelism](parallelism.md) (releasing multiple marbles, each one doing some part of work in parallel with others). **Advantages** on the other hand include mentioned simplicity of construction, visual clarity (we can often make the computer as a flat 2D board that can easily be observed, debugged etc.) and potentially good extensibility -- making the pipeline (maze) longer, e.g. to add more bits or functionality, is always possible without being limited e.g. by friction like with gears (though usually for the cost of speed).
 
@@ -116,7 +150,7 @@ Some things that can be done with marbles include:
    0   1         0   1         0   1         0   1
 ```
 
-*Marble falling into a [flip-flop](flip_flop.md) will test its value (fall out either from the 0 or 1 hole) and also flip the bit -- next marble will fall out from the other hole.*
+*Marble falling into a [flip-flop](flip_flop.md) will test its value (fall out either from the 0 or 1 hole) and also flip the bit -- next marble will fall out from the other hole. Flip-flops can be used to implement **[memory](memory.md)*** 
 
 ```
 \:  marble slide
@@ -131,6 +165,25 @@ Some things that can be done with marbles include:
 
 *Above a gear is used to select which hole an incoming marble will fall into (each hole may contain e.g. a flip-flop bit shown above). This may potentially be used to e.g. implement random access memory.*
 
+```
+              O                        O                        O                        O
+            | : |                    | : |                    | : |                    | : |
+       _____| : |_              _____| : |_           ________| : |            ________| : |
+      |  |A | :  /| A = 1      |  |A | :  /| A = 1   |  |A |   ./|    A = 0   |  |A |   ./|    A = 0
+      |  |__| : /A|          __|  |__| : /A|         |  |__|  ./A|            |__|__|  ./A|__
+      |    /| :  /| B = 1   |    /|   ./|""  B = 0   |    /| :  /|    B = 0      |   ./|    /| B = 1
+      |   /B| : /B|         |__ /B| : /B|__          |   /B| : /B|             __|  ./B|   /B|
+      |      |\ . |            |   :  |\   |         |      |\.  |            |     :|\   |
+      |      |A\ .|            |   :  |A\  |         |___   |A\. |__          |___  :|A\  |__
+       \    |   ./              \  : |    /              \    | :  /              \ :  |    /
+        \   |  ./                \ : |   /                \   | : /                \.  |   /
+          1   0                    1   0                    1   0                    1   0
+```
+
+*XOR computed by a marble falling through the gate (it will fall out of the 1 hole only if inputs are set to different values), inputs are implemented as shifting two parts of the gate left or right (this can be done by another falling marble) -- the parts marked with the same letter move together.*
+
+Here are some **additional tips** for marbles: if you want to allow a marble to be only able to go one way in the maze, you can use a mini ramp (one way it will climb it and fall over but from the other way it just behaves like a wall). You can also utilize helper marbles that can e.g. temporarily lock a moving part (obstacle) in place when computation is in progress (so that the falling marbles don't move the obstacles by bumping into them), the helper marble simply falls into some small hole where it will block horizontal movement of the part that shouldn't move, and later it can be released from this hole (this is super easy with the "changing tilt" approach mentioned above, the blocking marble simply goes up and down while in one position it's blocking, in the other it's not).
+
 ### Fluids
 
 Whether the use of fluids/gases (water, air, steam, maybe even sand, ...) is still considered mechanical computing may be debatable, but let's take a look at it anyway.
@@ -144,6 +197,6 @@ Whether the use of fluids/gases (water, air, steam, maybe even sand, ...) is sti
 
 ### Other
 
-Don't forget there exist many other possible components and concepts a mechanical computer can internally use -- many things we leave out above for the questionability of their practical usability can be used to in fact carry out computation, for example dominoes or slinkies. Furthermore many actually useful things exist, e.g. teethed **cylinders/disks** may be used to record plots of data over time or to store and deliver read/only data (e.g. the program instructions) easily, see music boxes and gramophones; **[punch card](punch_card.md)** have widely been used for storing read-only data too. Sometimes deformed cylinders were used as an analog **2D [look up table](lut.md)** for some mathematical [function](function.md) -- imagine e.g. a device that has input *x* (rotating cylinder along its axis) and *y* (shifting it left/right); the cylinder can then at each surface point record function *f(x,y)* by its width which will in turn displace some stick that will mark the function value on a scale. To transfer movement **strings, chains and belts** may also be used. [Random number generation](rng.md) may be implemented e.g. with [Galton board](galton_board.md). If timing is needed, pendulums can be used just like in clock. Some mechanical computers even use pretty complex parts such as mechanical arms, but these are firstly hard to make and secondly prone to breaking, so try to avoid complexity as much as possible.
+Don't forget there exist many other possible components and concepts a mechanical computer can internally use -- many things we leave out above for the questionability of their practical usability can be used to in fact carry out computation, for example dominoes or slinkies. Furthermore many actually useful things exist, e.g. teethed **cylinders/disks** may be used to record plots of data over time or to store and deliver read/only data (e.g. the program instructions) easily, see music boxes and gramophones; **[punch card](punch_card.md)** have widely been used for storing read-only data too. Sometimes deformed cylinders were used as an analog **2D [look up table](lut.md)** for some mathematical [function](function.md) -- imagine e.g. a device that has input *x* (rotating cylinder along its axis) and *y* (shifting it left/right); the cylinder can then at each surface point record function *f(x,y)* by its width which will in turn displace some stick that will mark the function value on a scale. To transfer movement **strings, chains and belts** may also be used. [Random number generation](rng.md) may be implemented e.g. with [Galton board](galton_board.md). If timing is needed, pendulums can be used just like in clock. Some mechanical computers even use pretty complex parts such as mechanical arms, but these are firstly hard to make and secondly prone to breaking, so try to avoid complexity as much as possible. Some old mechanical calculators worked by requiring the user to plug a stick into some hole (e.g. number he wanted to add) and then manually trace some path -- this can work on the same principle as e.g. the marble computer, but without needing the marbles complexity and size are drastically reduced. Another ideas is a "combing" computer which is driven by its user repeatedly sliding some object through the mechanism (as if combing it) which performs the steps (sequential computation) and changes the state (which is either stored inside the computer or in the combing object).
 
 BONUS THOUGHT: We have gotten so much used to using our current electronic digital computers for everything that sometimes we forget that at simulating actual physical reality they may still fail (or just be very overcomplicated) compared to a mechanical simulation which USES the physical reality itself; for example to make a simulation of a tsunami wave it may be more accurate to build an actual small model of a city and flood it with water than to make a computer simulation. That's why aerodynamic tunnels are still a thing. Ancient NASA flight simulators of space ships did use some electronics, but they did not use computer graphics to render the view from the ship, instead they used a screen projecting view from a tiny camera controlled by the simulator, moving inside a tiny environment, which basically achieved photorealistic graphics. Ideas like these may come in handy when designing mechanical computers as simulating reality is often what we want to do with the computer; for example if we want to model a [sine](sin.md) function, we don't have to go through the pain of implementing binary logic and performing iterative calculation of sine approximation, we may simply use a pendulum whose swinging draws the function simply and precisely.

minimalism.md

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ Up until recently in history every engineer would tell you that *the better mach
 - [reactionary software](reactionary_software.md), though bordering with [pseudominimalism](pseudominimalism.md)
 - [plan9](plan9.md) and its followers such as [100rabbits](100rabbit.md) etc., though this often borders with [pseudominimalism](pseudominimalism.md)
 - [Collapse OS](collapseos.md)/[Dusk OS](duskos.md)
+- [permacomputing](permacomputing.md) ([SJW](sjw.md) warning)
 - ...
 
 Under [capitalism](capitalism.md) technological minimalism is suppressed in the mainstream as it goes against [corporate](corporation.md) interests, i.e. those of having monopoly control over technology, even if such technology is "[FOSS](foss.md)" (which then becomes just a cool brand, see [openwashing](openwashing.md)). We may, at best, encounter a "shallow" kind of minimalism, so called [pseudominimalism](pseudominimalism.md) which only tries to make things appear minimal, e.g. aesthetically, and hides ugly overcomplicated internals under the facade. [Apple](apple.md) is famous for this [shit](shit.md).

music.md

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ Music is an auditory [art](art.md) whose aim is to create [pleasant](beautiful.m
 
 **[Copyright](copyright.md) of music**: TODO (esp. soundfonts etc.).
 
+TODO: list of most LRS/suckless instruments
+
 ## Modern Western Music + How To Just Make Noice Music Without PhD
 
 { I don't actually know that much about the theory, I will only write as much as I know, which is possibly somewhat simplified, but suffices for some kind of overview. Please keep this in mind and don't eat me. ~drummyfish }

nc.md

@@ -12,4 +12,12 @@ In the context of [licenses](license.md) the acronym NC stands for *non-commerci
 - **It adds huge legal [bloat](bloat.md).** Similarly to e.g. [copyleft](copyleft.md), the NC clause has to either be very vague and unclear or extremely long and complex in explaining what it really means. This of course leads to unclarities, legal bugs, confusion, payments of lawyers etc.
 - **It strengthens the idea of [intellectual property](intellectual_property.md).** The basic aim of free culture is to relax "intellectual property" laws, not to strengthen them or continue the ways of [permission culture](permission_culture.md), therefore the strict NC limitation is very unpopular among proponents of free culture. We, [LRS](lrs.md), strongly reject the very idea of being able to own information, so stricter legal conditions are always worse in our view.
 - **NC license may be in some cases worse than no license at all.** Even though Creative Commons NC licenses give basic rights such as that for non-commercial sharing, the explicit prohibition of commercial use may in specific cases result in more harm than if there was no license attached to the work, because breaking a rule that's stated explicitly may in court be seen as a bit more serious and intentional than breaking an implicit rule. (Similar reasoning was used to reject [CC0](cc0.md) by [OSI](osi.md).)
-- **NC license is [proprietary](proprietary.md), i.e. all arguments against proprietary works apply.**
+- **NC license is [proprietary](proprietary.md), i.e. all arguments against proprietary works apply.**
+- ...
+
+{ Nice parody is the CC BY-NV license :D https://questioncopyright.org/cc-by-nv/trackback.html ~drummyfish }
+
+## See Also
+
+- [ND](nd.md)
+- [CC BY-NV](cc_by_nv.md)

needed.md

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ Here is a list of some projects and project ideas which we, [LRS](lrs.md), need
 | fiction, stories, books                | mid?       |                                 |              |have some plans      | fairytales, sci-fi from LRS society etc.                        |                           |
 | free cultural [porn](porn.md) website  | mid?       |                                 |              |                     | libre porn + suckless site (no JS), prev. attempts failed       | WMC porn, freedomporn.org |
 | forum, chat, git/file host/mirror, ... | easy/mid?  |                                 |              |                     |for LRS community, if you have a server you could host something | email, IRC                |
+| [gamebook](gamebook.md)                | easy/mid?  |                                 |              |                     |can be done by nonprogrammers and later be made into PC game too |                           |
 | game engine/fantasy console (tiny)     | easy/mid   | [SAF](saf.md)                   | drummyfish   | done                |                                                                 |                           |
 | game engine: point n click adventure   | mid        |                                 |              |                     |                                                                 |                           |
 | game: [Doom](doom.md) clone            | hard       | [Anarch](anarch.md)             | drummyfish   | done                |                                                                 | Freedoom                  |

nigger.md

@@ -4,16 +4,20 @@
 
 Nigger (also nigga, niBBa, N-word or chimp) is a [forbidden word](newspeak.md) that refers to a member of the [black](black.md) [race](race.md), [SJWs](sjw.md) call the word a [politically incorrect](political_correctness.md) "slur". Its counterpart targeted on white people is *[cracker](cracker.md)*. To Harry Potter fans the word may be compared to the word *Voldemort* which everyone is afraid to say out of fear of being [cancelled](cancel_culture.md). Nigger is not to be confused with [negro](negro.md) (which is a human [race](race.md) of only SOME black people, specifically those in central Africa).
 
-{ LOL take a look at this https://encyclopediadramatica.online/Nigger, another take at https://wiki.soyjaks.party/Nigger. Another website: http://niggermania.com. Also https://www.chimpout.com. Another one: http://www.nigrapedia.com. ~drummyfish }
-
 Let us remind new readers that we, [LRS](lrs.md), love all living beings, even black people <3 But we do not support [political correctness](political_correctness.md).
 
-The word is used in a number of projects, e.g.:
+The word is used in a number of projects and works, e.g.:
 
 - **[Linux for niggers](linux_for_niggers.md)**
 - **[niggercoin](niggercoin.md) [cryptocurrency](crypto.md)**
 - **[+NIGGER](plusnigger.md)**: license modifier that uses this politically incorrect term to prevent corporations from adopting free projects.
 - **[Gay Nigger Association of America](gnaa.md)** (GNAA): what the name says
+- **Ten Little Niggers**, a book by one of the most famous writers, Agatha Christie.
+- **On the Creation of Niggers** (https://en.m.wikisource.org/wiki/On_the_Creation_of_Niggers), a short poem by H. P. Lovecraft, one of the greatest authors of all time.
 - ...
 
+{ LOL take a look at this https://encyclopediadramatica.online/Nigger, another take at https://wiki.soyjaks.party/Nigger. Another website: http://niggermania.com. Also https://www.chimpout.com. Another one: http://www.nigrapedia.com. ~drummyfish }
+
+**Pool's closed!** A famous [meme](meme.md) connected to the ape people was born as a part of now iconic raid of an MMO game called Habbo Hotel in which the bros creates shitton of african american characters with afros and blocked the access to the hotel pool with the statement that "pool's closed due to [aids](aids.md)". This spawned an entire wiki: http://www.nigrapedia.com.
+
 [LMAO](lmao.md) they're even censoring art and retroactively changing classical works of art to suit this [newspeak](newspeak.md), just like all previous oppressive regimes. E.g. Agatha Christie's book *Ten Little Niggers* was renamed to *And Then There Were None*. Are they also gonna repaint Mona Lisa when it somehow doesn't suit their liking?

permacomputing_wiki.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Permacomputing Wiki
 
-Permacomputing wiki is a computer [minimalist](minimalism.md) [pseudoleftist](pseudoleft.md)-infected wiki whose focus revolves around minimalist, ecology-friendly, [collapse](collapse.md)-ready computing; in many ways (especially when you take away the SJW fascism) the wiki is a lot similar to our [LRS wiki](lrs_wiki.md). It was started in 2022 and can now be accessed at https://permacomputing.net/, one of its famous users is [Viznut](viznut.md) (who allegedly coined the term "permacomputing" on his website in 2020). The wiki has some really cool stuff, but is sadly [toxic](toxic.md), with [code of censorship](coc.md) and is littered with pseudoleftist fascism (about half of bullet points in their site rules is just pseudoleftist copy pasta gospel lol). The wiki also seem to be dying. { One theory is that it was created as a rage reaction to our wiki and the activity was mostly fueled by anger which by now had possibly burned out :D ~drummyfish }
+Permacomputing wiki is a computer [minimalist](minimalism.md) [pseudoleftist](pseudoleft.md)-infected wiki centered around so called [permacomputing](permacomputing.md) (a recent term that means basically "sustainable computing", focus on maximizing lifespan of technology, minimize its waste etc., inspired by [permaculture](permaculture.md)) that focuses a lot on minimalist, eco-friendly, [collapse](collapse.md)-ready computing; in many ways (especially when you take away the SJW fascism) the wiki is a lot similar to our [LRS wiki](lrs_wiki.md). It was started in 2022 and can now be accessed at https://permacomputing.net/, one of its famous users is [Viznut](viznut.md) (who allegedly coined the term "permacomputing" on his website in 2020). The wiki has some really cool stuff, but is sadly [toxic](toxic.md), with [code of censorship](coc.md) and is littered with pseudoleftist fascism (about half of bullet points in their site rules is just pseudoleftist copy pasta gospel lol). The wiki also seem to be dying. { One theory is that it was created as a rage reaction to our wiki and the activity was mostly fueled by anger which by now had possibly burned out :D ~drummyfish }
 
 { NOTE: Someone reached out to me pointing out permacomputing wiki focuses on new things and concepts while LRS just writes about Unix and "old" stuff -- that's true! Actually permacomputing wiki is awesome in this, it's just sad it's being plagued by ideological issues, but the "content" is really great. I wish I could write better about the "new", I just focus on what I personally do best, i.e. boomer stuff. But I will try to possibly change my direction a bit to focus on new ideas as well. Thanks to the reader for a kind email <3 :-) ~drummyfish }
 

portability.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Portability
 
-Portable [software](software.md) is software that is easy to [port](port.md) to (make run on) other [platforms](platform.md). Platforms here mean anything that serves as an environment enabling software to run, i.e. [hardware](hardware.md) platforms ([CPUs](cpu.md), [ISAs](isa.md), game consoles, ...), different [operating systems](os.md) vs [bare metal](bare_metal.md), [fantasy consoles](fantasy_console.md) etc. **Portability is an extremely important attribute of [good software](lrs.md)** as it allows us to write the program once and then run it on many different computers with little effort -- without portability we'd be constantly busy rewriting old programs to run on new computers, portability allows us to free our programs from being tied to specific computers and exist abstractly and independently and so become [future proof](future_proof.md). Examples of highly portable programs include [Anarch](anarch.md), [Simon Tatham's Portable Puzzle Collection](stppc.md), [sbase](sbase.md) (suckless) implementation of Unix tools such as [cat](cat.md) and [cmp](cmp.md) etc.
+Portable [software](software.md) is software that is easy to [port](port.md) to (make run on) other [platforms](platform.md). Platforms here mean anything that serves as an environment enabling software to run, i.e. [hardware](hardware.md) platforms ([CPUs](cpu.md), [ISAs](isa.md), game consoles, ...), different [operating systems](os.md) vs [bare metal](bare_metal.md), [fantasy consoles](fantasy_console.md) etc. **Portability is an extremely important attribute of [good software](lrs.md)** as it allows us to write the program once and then run it on many different computers with little effort -- without portability we'd be constantly busy rewriting old programs to run on new computers, portability allows us to free our programs from being tied to specific computers and exist abstractly and independently and so become [future proof](future_proof.md). Examples of highly portable programs include [Anarch](anarch.md), [Simon Tatham's Portable Puzzle Collection](stppc.md), [sbase](sbase.md) (suckless) implementation of Unix tools such as [cat](cat.md) and [cmp](cmp.md) etc. (one wisdom coming from [Unix](unix.md) development actually states that portability should be favored even before performance).
 
 **Portability is different from mere [multiplatformness](multiplatform.md)**: multiplatform software simply runs on more than one platform without necessarily being designed with high portability in mind; portable software on the other hand possesses the inherent attribute of being designed so that very little effort  is required to make it run on wide range of general platforms. Multiplatformness can be achieved cheaply by using a [bloated](bloat.md) framework such as the Godot engine or [QT](qt.md) framework, however that will not achieve portability; on the contrary it will hurt portability. Portability is achieved through good and careful design, efficient code and avoiding [dependencies](dependency.md) and [bloat](bloat.md).
 

race.md

@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
 # Race
 
-*All races of men, however different, are to coexist in love and peace.*
+*All races of men, however different, are to coexist in [love](love.md) and [peace](peace.md).*
 
-Races of people are very large, loosely defined groups of genetically similar (related) people. Races usually significantly differ by their look and in physical, mental and cultural aspects. The topic of human race is nowadays forbidden to be critically discussed and researched (and even to be [joked](joke.md) about), however there at least exists a number of older research, information hidden in the underground and some things about race are completely obvious to those with an open mind. [Good society](less_retarded_society.md), unlike for example our current [capitalist](capitalism.md) society, acknowledges the differences between human races and lets them coexist peacefully in social equality despite their differences and without any need for [bullshit](bullshit.md) such as [political correctness](political_correctness.md).
+Races of people are very large, loosely defined groups of genetically similar (related) people. Races usually significantly differ by their look and in physical, mental and cultural aspects; some races are physically more fit, some are more intelligent, some are better evolved for living in specific climate conditions and so on -- races make mankind very diverse; sadly they are also often a basis of [identity](identity_politics.md) [fascism](fascism.md) too. The topic of human race is nowadays forbidden to be critically discussed and researched (and even to be [joked](joke.md) about) due to the reign of [pseudoleft](pseudoleft.md) which denies existence of human races and aggressively [censors](censorship.md) and attacks any disagreement, however there exists a number of older research, information hidden in the underground and some things about races are completely obvious to those resistant to propaganda. [Good society](less_retarded_society.md), unlike for example our current [capitalist](capitalism.md) society, acknowledges the differences between human races and lets them coexist peacefully in social equality despite their differences and without any need for [bullshit](bullshit.md) such as [political correctness](political_correctness.md).
 
 Instead of the word *race* the politically correct camp uses words such as *ethnicity* -- it's funny, sometimes they say no such thing as race exists but other times they simply have to operate with the fact that people are genetically diverse, e.g. when they accuse others of [racism](racism.md) or point out statistics that benefit them ("black people are paid less!"), as existence of discrimination based on differences between people necessarily implies the existence of differences between people -- so here they try to substitute the word *race* for a different word so as to make their self-contradiction less obvious. Anyway, it doesn't [work](work.md) :) Races indeed do exit, no matter what we call them.
 
-**Race can be told from the shape of the skull and one's [DNA](dna.md)**, which finds use e.g. in forensics to help solve crimes. It is officially called the *ancestry estimation*. Some idiots say this should be forbidden to do because it's "racist" lmao. Besides the obvious visual difference such as skin color **races also have completely measurable differences acknowledged even by modern "science"**, for example unlike other races about 90% of Asians have dry earwax. Similar absolutely measurable differences exist in height, body odor, alcohol and lactose tolerance, high altitude tolerance, vulnerability to specific diseases, hair structure, cold tolerance, risk of obesity, behavior (see e.g. the infamous *[chimp out](chimp_out.md)* behavior of black people) and others. It is known for a fact that Sherpas are greatly accustomed to living in high altitudes, that's why they work as helpers for people climbing mt. Everest, they can just do it much easily than other races. While dryness of earwax is really a minor curiosity, it is completely unreasonable to believe that race differences stop at traits we humans find unimportant and that genetics somehow magically avoids affecting traits that are harder to measure and which our current society deems politically incorrect to exist. In fact differences in important areas such as intelligence were measured very well -- these are however either censored or declared incorrect and "debunked" by unquestionable "science" authorities, because politics.
+**Race can be told from the shape of the skull and one's [DNA](dna.md)**, which finds use e.g. in forensics to help solve crimes. It is officially called the *ancestry estimation*. Some idiots say this should be forbidden to do because it's "racist" lmao. Besides the obvious visual difference such as skin color **races also have completely measurable differences acknowledged even by modern "science"**, for example unlike other races about 90% of Asians have dry earwax, Asians also have highest bone density, Huaorani tribe has flat feet, blood type distributions are wildly different between races, people near the equator have measurably smaller eyeballs than those very far north, even distribution of genes associated with specific behavior was measured to differ between races. Similar absolutely measurable differences exist in height, body odor, alcohol and lactose tolerance, high altitude tolerance, vulnerability to specific diseases, hair structure, cold tolerance, risk of obesity, behavior (see e.g. the infamous *[chimp out](chimp_out.md)* behavior of black people) and others. It is known for a fact that Sherpas are greatly accustomed to living in high altitudes, that's why they work as helpers for people climbing mt. Everest, they can just do it much easier than other races. While dryness of earwax is really a minor curiosity, it is completely unreasonable to believe that race differences stop at traits we humans find "controversial" and that genetics somehow magically avoids affecting traits that are harder to measure and which our current society deems politically incorrect to exist. In fact differences in important areas such as intelligence were measured very well -- these are however either censored or declared incorrect and "debunked" by unquestionable "science" authorities, because politics.
 
 Pseudoleft uses cheap, logically faulty arguments to deny the existence of race; for example that there are no clear objective boundaries between races -- of course there are not, but how does that imply nonexistence of race? The same argument could also be given even e.g. for the term *species* (see e.g. ring species in which the boundaries are not clear) so as to invalidate it; yet we see no one doubting the existence of various species of animals. That's like saying that color doesn't exist because given any two distinct colors there exists a gradual transition, or that [music](music.md) and noise are the same thing because objectively no clear line can be drawn between them. If by this argument races don't exist, then movie genres also don't exist.
 
-The politically correct camp further argues that there wasn't enough time for human races to develop significant differences as evolution operates on scales of millions of years while the evolution of modern humans was taking part about in an order of magnitude smaller time scale. However it has been shown that **evolution can be extremely fast and make great changes in mere DECADES**, e.g. in cases of rapid environment change (shown e.g. in a documentary *Laws of the Lizard* on anoles that show signs of evolutionary change only after 14 years, also see e.g. the book *The 10,000 Year Explosion* talking about actual acceleration of human evolution) and interbreeding with other species (e.g. Neanderthals, which European population bred with but African population didn't), which did occur when humans spread around the world and had to live in vastly different conditions -- successful civilizations themselves actually furthermore started to rapidly change their environment to something that favors very different traits. It has for example been found that average male brain increased from 1372 gram in 1860 to 1424 grams in 1940, a very significant change in LESS THAN A CENTURY. We can take a look at the enormous differences between dog breeds which have been bred mostly during only the last 200 years and whose differences are enormous and not only physical, but also that of intelligence and temperament -- yes, the breeding of dogs has been selective, but a rapid change in environment may have a similar accelerating effect, and the process in humans still took many tens of thousands of years. For example races of slaves were probably selectively bred, even if unintentionally, as physically fit slaves were more likely to survive than those who were smart; similarly in prospering civilizations, e.g. that of Europe, where trade, business and development of technology (e.g. military) became more crucial for survival than in primitive desert or jungle civilizations, different traits such as intelligence became preferred by evolution.
+The politically correct camp further argues that there wasn't enough time for human races to develop significant differences as evolution operates on scales of millions of years while the evolution of modern humans was taking part about in an order of magnitude smaller time scale. However it has been shown that **evolution can be extremely fast and make great changes in mere DECADES**, e.g. in cases of rapid environment change (shown e.g. in a documentary *Laws of the Lizard* on anoles that show signs of evolutionary change only after 14 years, also see e.g. the book *The 10,000 Year Explosion* talking about actual acceleration of human evolution) and interbreeding with other (sub)species (e.g. Denisovan or Neanderthals, which European population bred with but African population didn't), which did occur when humans spread around the world and had to live in vastly different conditions -- successful civilizations themselves actually furthermore started to rapidly change their environment to something that favors very different traits. It has for example been found that average male brain increased from 1372 gram in 1860 to 1424 grams in 1940, a very significant change in LESS THAN A CENTURY. We can take a look at the enormous differences between dog breeds which have been bred mostly during only the last 200 years and whose differences are enormous and not only physical, but also that of intelligence and temperament -- yes, the breeding of dogs has been selective, but a rapid change in environment may have a similar accelerating effect, and the process in humans still took many tens of thousands of years. For example races of slaves were probably selectively bred, even if unintentionally, as physically fit slaves were more likely to survive than those who were smart; similarly in prospering civilizations, e.g. that of Europe, where trade, business and development of technology (e.g. military) became more crucial for survival than in primitive desert or jungle civilizations, different traits such as intelligence became preferred by evolution.
 
 Another pseudoleftist argument is that "the DNA of any two individuals is 99.6 % identical so the differences are really insignificant". Now consider that DNA of a pig is 98 % identical to human. We see the argument is like saying a strawberry and beer is practically the same thing as they are both about 93 % water. It is known that only a minuscule part of DNA has any actual biological effect, only a small part is important and therefore including all the unimportant junk in judging similarity is just purposeful attempt at misleading statistics.
 
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ Denying the facts regarding human race is called **[race denialism](race_deniali
 
 **What races are there?** That depends on definitions, the boundaries between races are [fuzzy](fuzzy.md) and the lines can be drawn differently. The traditional, most general division still found in the greatest 1990s encyclopedias is to three large groups: **Caucasoid** (white), **Negroid** (black) and **Mongoloid** (yellow). These can be further subdivided. Some go as far as calling different nations separate races (e.g. the Norwegian race, Russian race etc.), thought that may be a bit of a stretch. One of the first scientific divisions of people into races was done by Francois Bernier in *New Division of the Earth by the Different Species or "Races" of Man that Inhabit It* into Europeans, Asians, Africans and Sami (north Europe), based on skin color, hair color, height and shape of face, nose and eyes.
 
-There is a controversial 1994 book called *The Bell Curve* that deals with differences in intelligence between races (later followed by other books such as *The Global Bell Curve* trying to examine the situation world-wide). [SJWs](sjw.md) indeed tried to attack it, however international experts on intelligence agree the book is correct in saying average intelligence between races differs (see e.g. [The Wall Street Journal's Mainstream Science on Intelligence](https://web.archive.org/web/20120716184838/http://www.lrainc.com/swtaboo/taboos/wsj_main.html)). An online resource with a lot of information on racial differences is e.g. http://www.humanbiologicaldiversity.com/. See also e.g. https://en.metapedia.org/wiki/Race_and_morphology. Note that even though the mentioned sites may be fascist, biased and contain propaganda of their own, they provide links to resources which the pseudoleftist mainstream such as [Wikipedia](wikipedia.md) and [Google](google.md) simply censor -- while we may not promote the politics and opinions of mentioned sites, we link to them to provide access to censored information so that one can seek truth and form his own opinions.
+There is a controversial 1994 book called *The Bell Curve* that deals with differences in intelligence between races (later followed by other books such as *The Global Bell Curve* trying to examine the situation world-wide). [SJWs](sjw.md) indeed tried to attack it, however international experts on intelligence agree the book is correct in saying average intelligence between races differs (see e.g. [The Wall Street Journal's Mainstream Science on Intelligence](https://web.archive.org/web/20120716184838/http://www.lrainc.com/swtaboo/taboos/wsj_main.html)). Online resources with a lot of information on racial differences are e.g. https://zerocontradictions.net/FAQs/race-FAQs and http://www.humanbiologicaldiversity.com/, https://en.metapedia.org/wiki/Race_and_morphology etc. Note that even if some particular resource may be fascist, biased and contain propaganda of its own, it may likely give you information the pseudoleftist mainstream such as [Wikipedia](wikipedia.md) and [Google](google.md) simply [censor](censorship.md) -- while we may of course not approve of the politics/opinions/goals/etc. of some we link to, we still link to them to provide access to censored information so that one can seek truth and form his own opinions.
 
 **If you want a relatively objective view on races, read old (pre 1950) books.** See for example the article on *NEGRO* in 11th edition of Encyclopedia Britannica (1911), which clearly states on page 344 of the 19th volume that "Mentally the negro is inferior to the white" and continues to cite thorough study of this, finding that black children were quite intelligent but with adulthood the intellect always went down, however it states that negro has e.g. better sense of vision and hearing. Even in the 90s still the uncensored information on race was still available in the mainstream sources, e.g. the 1995 *Desk Reference Encyclopedia* and 1993 *Columbia Encyclopedia* still have articles on races and their differences.
 

ram.md

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+# RAM
+
+RAM stands for *random access memory*, a type of [computer](computer.md) [memory](memory.md) characterized by allowing access to arbitrary addresses (as opposed to SAM -- sequential memories, such as tapes, which only allow sequential access); a bit confusingly (for historical reasons) the term RAM came to be used more as a synonym for so called **main memory**, i.e. the computer's **working memory** (memory used for performing computation, as opposed to e.g. persistent storage or [read only memory](rom.md)). It is true that working memory is very often a random access memory, but it doesn't always have to be so and there exist random access memories that don't serve as working memory. Nevertheless here we WILL conform to the established terminology and implicitly take RAM to mean a **[volatile](volatile.md) random access read/write memory serving as a working memory** (volatile meaning it's erased on power off). Compare RAM to [ROM](rom.md) (rad only memory, which may or may not allow random access) and [SAM](sam.md).
+
+RAM is one of the main components of a computer, it closely cooperates with the [CPU](cpu.md); in fact CPU without RAM would be basically useless; RAM serves the CPU as a "scratchpad" where it keeps intermediate results to perform more complex calculations. RAM, being a relatively fast memory, is also often used to temporarily load parts of bigger [data](data.md) for faster access, sometimes it may also store the instructions of the program being executed by the CPU. For this RAM is, along with the CPU, one of the two components which can never be missing in a computer. A computer can work without a [hard disk](hdd.md), without keyboard, mouse and monitor, but it can never meaningfully work without RAM.
+
+**RAM is relatively fast**, in [memory hierarchy](memory_hierarchy.md) only the CPU registers and CPU [cache](cache.md) are faster than RAM, RAM is a lot faster than [disk](hdd.md). How much faster exactly depends on a few things, firstly the exact types of both memories, and secondly on how you access the memories, e.g. with sequential access RAM may be only 10 times faster, but with random access it can even be 100000 times faster. The speed of RAM is often (in PCs always, but may be missing e.g. in [embedded](embedded.md)) boosted by the mentioned cache memory (standing between RAM and CPU), but again that will only work if we access the RAM correctly (respecting the principle of locality, i.e. not make big jumps in memory).
+
+There are two main types of electronic RAM:
+
+- **SRAM** (static RAM): After assigning a value (0 or 1) to a memory cell, the cell retains the value as long as the power is on. This is usually implemented with [flip flop](flip_flop.md) logic circuits. SRAMs are very fast but expensive (a flip flop requires several transistors) and also consume more [power](power.md) than DRAMs (when not idle), so  in PCs they are actually NOT often used to implement the main memory (which this article is about), instead SRAMs are used for the smaller memories like CPU registers and [caches](cache.md). But simpler computers with low RAM (e.g. [embedded](embedded.md)) may use SRAM even for main memory.
+- **DRAM** (dynamic RAM): After assigning a value to a memory cell, the cell will hold the value only for some time, therefore the cells have to be periodically refreshed (usually at least once in 64 milliseconds) so that they retain their values for long time (hence the name *dynamic*). This behavior exists because DRAMs are usually implemented with [capacitors](capacitor.md) which lose charge over time. DRAMs are cheaper (a cell just requires a transistor and capacitor) but slower, so these are often used to implement the main memory.
+
+Furthermore there are many other types like [SDRAM](sdram.md), [DDR](ddr.md), [DDR2](ddr2.md) etc.
+
+**RAM from programmer's point of view**: in your [programming language](programming_language.md) [variables](variables.md) are typically places in RAM (the variable name is just a name for some RAM memory address), so the more variables you need (note that most significant are [arrays](array.md) and other "big" variables), the more RAM your program will consume. Though it may not be so simple, some variables whose value doesn't change (e.g `static const` or string literals in [C](c.md)) may be rather placed in ROM by the compiler/optimizer. Also some small scope variables may be just stored in CPU registers. WATCH OUT: under a typical [operating system](os.md) the main memory is [virtualized](virtual_memory.md) so the addresses your program sees are generally not the physical addresses in RAM.
+
+Also thanks to virtual memory **your computer may actually be able to use more RAM than there is physically present** by temporarily storing some less used memory pages on to the disk to free space in RAM. This is called **[swapping](swap.md)** and normally results in huge slowdown of the computer; swapping is many times a sign of [memory leak](memory_leak.md) or some other atrocity.
+
+Saving content of RAM to disk is also exploited by **[hibernation](hibernation.md)**.
+
+**How much RAM do we need?** Not much, definitely not NEARLY as much as you see on a typical today's consumer PC which come with 16 or 32 GB of RAM, that's just too much, you never need that much memory and this craziness only exists for [consumerism](consumerism.md) and due to extremely shitty [capitalist software](capitalist_software.md) whose efficiency probably doesn't surpass 1%. The amount of RAM we need firstly depends on the task at hand and secondly on the details of our computer (e.g. if it stores the program itself in RAM or not, if we have helper coprocessors that save us some work, if we have a fast CPU and can afford to sacrifice some of its speed for needing less memory etc.) and what exactly we define as RAM (whether e.g. we see [video memory](vram.md) as RAM or if we are allowed to store a lot of read-only data in ROM). Generally speaking for simple mathematical problems, such as solving a quadratic equation, a few [bytes](byte.md) may be enough. With a few hundred bytes we can make simple games such as [Tetris](tetris.md). With a few [kilobytes](kb.md) we can already make more complex games, e.g. something akin [Wolf 3D](wolf3d.md) or [chess](chess.md) with basic AI, we can make a simple text editor, probably even a [programming language](programming_language.md) capable of compiling itself (see e.g. games for [Arduboy](arduboy.md) which possesses 2.5 KB of RAM). Surpassing some 30 KB we can already make [Doom](doom.md)-like games ([Anarch](anarch.md) runs on [GB Meta](gb_meta.md) with 32 KB of RAM) and basic versions of most of the tools we need on a personal computer such as text editor, image editor, music composer, programming editor, ... though still typically running on [bare metal](bare_metal.md) (without [operating system](os.md)). 1 MB is about 30 times that, so unless dealing with some memory-heavy task, such as processing HD video, **with [good programming](lrs.md) you should practically never need more than 1 MB of RAM**. If your computer has 1 GB of RAM, it already has 1000 times the overkill amount, so it can do all kind of fancy stuff like running an [operating system](os.md) that runs several programs at once ([multitasking](multitasking.md)), some of which may be doing even memory heavy tasks.
+
+## See Also
+
+- [SAM](sam.md)
+- [ROM](rom.md)
+- [VRAM](vram.md)
+- [flash](flash.md)
+- [EEPROM](eeprom.md)
+- [hard disk](hdd.md)
+- [memory](memory.md)

reactionary_software.md

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ The founder of reactionary software is fschmidt and he still seems to be the one
 
 fschmidt seems to be a lot into religion and also has some related side projects with wider scope, e.g. [Arkians](arkians.md) which deals with society and [eugenics](eugenics.md). It seems to be trying to establish a community of "chosen people" (those who pass certain tests)  who selective breed to renew good genes in society. { **PLEASE DON'T JUMP TO CONCLUSIONS**, I just quickly skimmed through it -- people will probably freak out and start calling that guy a [Nazi](nazi.md) -- please don't, read his site first. I can't really say more about it as I didn't research it well, but he doesn't seem to be proposing violent solutions. Peace. ~drummyfish }
 
-**What do [we](lrs.md) think about reactionary software?** The vibes are good, it basically seems like "lightweight suckless" -- we agree with what they identify as causes of decline of modern technology, we like that they discuss wide context and the big picture and our solutions are aligned, in the same direction -- theirs are just not as radical, or maybe we just disagree on minor points. We may e.g. disagree on specific cases of software, for example they approve of old [Python](python.md), [Java](java.md) and lightweight [JavaScript](js.md) used on the [web](www.md) -- we see such software as unacceptable, it's too complex, unnecessary and from ground up designed badly. { As clarified on the forums, reactionary software focuses on the simplicity from user's perspective, not necessarily the simplicity of internals. ~drummyfish } Nevertheless we definitely see it as good this philosophy exists, it contributes to improving technology and it may provide an alternative to people who suffer from modern tech but suckless or LRS is too difficult for them to get into. The fact that more and more smaller communities with ideas similar to LRS come to life indicates the ideas themselves are alive and start to flourish, in a decentralized way -- this is good.
+**What do [we](lrs.md) think about reactionary software?** The vibes are good, it basically seems like "suckless-lite" -- we agree with what they identify as causes of decline of modern technology, we like that they discuss wide context and the big picture and our solutions are aligned, in the same direction -- theirs are just not as radical, or maybe we just disagree on minor points. We may e.g. disagree on specific cases of software, for example they approve of old [Python](python.md), [Java](java.md) and lightweight [JavaScript](js.md) used on the [web](www.md) -- we see such software as unacceptable, it's too complex, unnecessary and from ground up designed badly. { As clarified on the forums, reactionary software focuses on the simplicity from user's perspective, not necessarily the simplicity of internals. ~drummyfish } Nevertheless we definitely see it as good this philosophy exists, it contributes to improving technology and it may provide an alternative to people who suffer from modern tech but suckless or LRS is too difficult for them to get into. The fact that more and more smaller communities with ideas similar to LRS come to life indicates the ideas themselves are alive and start to flourish, in a decentralized way -- this is good.
 
 
 

rgb332.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # RGB332
 
-RGB332 is a general 256 color [palette](palette.md) that encodes one color with 1 [byte](byte.md) (i.e. 8 [bits](bit.md)): 3 bits (highest) for red, 3 bits for green and 2 bits (lowest) for blue (as human eye is least sensitive to blue). RGB332 is an implicit palette -- it doesn't have to be stored in memory because the color index itself determines the color and vice versa. Compared to the classic 24 bit RGB (which assigns 8 bits to each of the RGB components), RGB332 is very "[KISS](kiss.md)/[suckless](suckless.md)" and often [good enough](good_enough.md) (especially with [dithering](dithering.md)) as it saves memory, avoids headaches with [endianness](byte_sex.md) and represents each color with just a single number (as opposed to 3), so it is often used in simple and limited computers such as [embedded](embedded.md). It is also in the [public domain](public_domain.md), unlike some other palettes, so it's additionally a legally safe choice. RGB332 also has a "sister palette" called [RGB565](rgb565.md) which uses two bytes instead of one and so offers many more colors.
+RGB332 is a general 256 color [palette](palette.md) that encodes one color with 1 [byte](byte.md) (i.e. 8 [bits](bit.md)): 3 bits (highest) for red, 3 bits for green and 2 bits (lowest) for blue (as human eye is least sensitive to blue we choose to allocate fewest bits to blue). RGB332 is an implicit palette -- it doesn't have to be stored in memory (though doing so also has justifications) because the color index itself determines the color and vice versa. Compared to the classic 24 bit RGB (which assigns 8 bits to each of the RGB components), RGB332 is very "[KISS](kiss.md)/[suckless](suckless.md)" and often [good enough](good_enough.md) (especially with [dithering](dithering.md)) as it saves memory, avoids headaches with [endianness](byte_sex.md) and represents each color with just a single number (as opposed to 3), so it is often used in simple and limited computers such as [embedded](embedded.md). It is also in the [public domain](public_domain.md), unlike some other palettes, so it's additionally a legally safe choice. RGB332 also has a "sister palette" called [RGB565](rgb565.md) which uses two bytes instead of one and so offers many more colors.
 
 A disadvantage of plain 332 palette lies in the linearity of each component's intensity, i.e. lack of [gamma correction](gamma_correction.md), so there are too many almost indistinguishable bright colors while too few darker ones { TODO: does a gamma corrected 332 exist? make it? ~drummyfish }. Another disadvantage is the non-alignment of the blue component with red and green components, i.e. while R/G components have 8 levels of intensity and so step from 0 to 255 by 36.4, the B component only has 4 levels and steps by exactly 85, which makes it impossible to create exact shades of grey (which of course have to have all R, G and B components equal).
 

rgb565.md

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # RGB565
 
-RGB565 is a way of representing a total of 65536 [colors](color.md) in just 2 [bytes](byte.md), i.e. 16 [bits](bit.md), by using 5 bits (highest) for red, 6 bits for green (to which human eye is most sensitive) and 5 bits for blue; it can also be seen as a color [palette](palette.md).
+RGB565 is a way of representing a total of 65536 [colors](color.md) in just 2 [bytes](byte.md), i.e. 16 [bits](bit.md), by using 5 bits (highest) for red, 6 bits for green (to which human eye is most sensitive) and 5 bits for blue; it can also be seen as a color [palette](palette.md). It is similar to [rgb332](rgb332.md)
 
 TODO

rule110.md

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 *Not to be confused with [rule 34](rule43.md) xD*
 
-Rule 110 is a specific [cellular automaton](cellular_automaton.md) (similar to e.g. [Game of Life](game_of_life.md)) which shows a very interesting behavior -- it is one of the simplest [Turing complete](turing_completeness.md) (computationally most powerful) systems with a balance of stable and [chaotic](chaos.md) behavior. In other words it is a system in which a very complex and interesting properties emerge from extremely simple rules. The name *rule 110* comes from [truth table](truth_table.md) that defines the automaton's behavior.
+Rule 110 is a specific [cellular automaton](cellular_automaton.md) (similar to e.g. [Game of Life](game_of_life.md)) which shows a very interesting behavior -- it is one of the simplest [Turing complete](turing_completeness.md) (computationally most powerful) systems with a balance of stable and [chaotic](chaos.md) behavior. In other words it is a system in which a very complex and interesting properties emerge from extremely simple rules. The name *rule 110* comes from [truth table](truth_table.md) that defines the automaton's behavior. Its **extreme simplicity** combined with full computational power is what makes rule 110 of great interest -- for example it can relatively easily be implemented as a [mechanical computer](mechanical.md) using only marbles and a very simple maze (there's a video somewhere on the Internet).
 
 Rule 110 is one of 256 so called elementary [cellular automata](cellular_automaton.md) which are special kinds of cellular automata that are one dimensional (unlike the mentioned [Game Of Life](game_of_life.md) which is two dimensional), in which cells have 1 bit state (1 or 0) and each cell's next state is determined by its current state and the state of its two immediate neighboring cells (left and right). Most of the 256 possible elementary cellular automata are "boring" but rule 110 is special and interesting. Probably the most interesting thing is that rule 110 is [Turing complete](turing_completeness.md), i.e. it can in theory compute anything any other computer can, while basically having just 8 rules. 110 (along with its equivalents) is the only elementary automaton for which Turing completeness has been [proven](proof.md).
 
@@ -21,8 +21,6 @@ For rule 110 the following is a table determining the next value of a cell given
 
 The rightmost column is where elementary cellular automata differ from each other -- here reading the column from top to bottom we get the [binary](binary.md) number 01101110 which is 110 in [decimal](decimal.md), hence we call the automaton rule 110. Some automata behave as "flipped" versions of rule 110, e.g. rule 137 (bit inversion of rule 110) and rule 124 (horizontal reflection of rule 110) -- these are in terms of properties equivalent to rule 110.
 
-Fun fact: a [mechanical](mechanical.md) computer based on rule 110 can be made with marbles, it's very simple (there's a video somewhere on the Internet).
-
 The following is an output of 32 steps of rule 110 from an initial tape with one cell set to 1. Horizontal dimension represents the tape, vertical dimension represents steps/time (from top to bottom).
 
 ```
@@ -106,4 +104,5 @@ Discovery of rule 110 is attributed to [Stephen Wolfram](wolfram.md) who introdu
 ## See Also
 
 - [Game Of Life](game_of_life.md)
-- [Langton's Ant](langtons_ant.md)
+- [Langton's Ant](langtons_ant.md)
+- [interaction net](interaction_net.md)

smol_internet.md

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ What EXACTLY constitutes the Smol Internet? Of course we don't really have exact
 
 ## See Also
 
+- [web 1.0](web_10.md)
+- [web 0.5](web_05.md)
 - [Fediverse](fediverse.md)
 - [tildeverse](tildeverse.md)
 - [Usenet](usenet.md)

soyence.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 { I did my own peer review of this article and give it 10/10. ~drummyfish }
 
-Soyence is [business](business.md), [propaganda](propaganda.md) and [politics](politics.md) trying to pass as [science](science.md), nowadays promoted typically by [pseudoleftists](pseudoleft.md), [pseudoskeptics](pseudoskepticism.md), [capitalists](capitalism.md) and [corporations](corporation.md). It is what in the [21st century](21st_century.md) has taken on the role that's historically been played by the church: that of establishing and maintaining orthodoxy for the control of mass population -- this time it is so called "science" or "rationality" that's used as the tool instead of [God](god.md) and religion, however the results are the same. Soyence is not about listening to what science says, it is about listetning to what *"reputable scientists"* say, and of course not questioning them; soyence is what the typical reddit [atheist](atheism.md) or [tiktok](tiktok.md) [feminist](feminism.md) believes science is or what Neil De Grass Tyson tells you science is. One red flag about soyence is a great weight put on **reputation** -- in true science reputation plays no role, only results do; reputation and its great value for one's acceptance is rather part of politics. Soyence calls itself the one and only science^TM and [gatekeeps](gatekeeping.md) the term by calling unpopular science (such as that regarding human [race](race.md), questioning official versions of [historical](history.md) events or safety of big pharma [vaccines](vaccine.md)) "[pseudoscience](pseudoscience.md)" and "[conspiracy theories](conspiracy_theory.md)". Soyence itself is pseudoscience but it has an official status, approval of [state](state.md), strong connection to [politics](politics.md), it is mainstream, popular, controlled by those in power, [censored](censorship.md) ("moderated") and intentionally misleading. Soyence can be encountered in much of [academia](academia.md), on [Wikipedia](wikipedia.md) and in other popular/mainstream media such as TV "documentaries" and [YouTube](youtube.md).
+Soyence is [business](business.md), [propaganda](propaganda.md) and [politics](politics.md) trying to pass as [science](science.md), nowadays promoted typically by [pseudoleftists](pseudoleft.md), [pseudoskeptics](pseudoskepticism.md), [capitalists](capitalism.md) and [corporations](corporation.md). It is what in the [21st century](21st_century.md) has taken on the role that's historically been played by the church: that of establishing and maintaining orthodoxy for the control of mass population -- this time it is so called "science" or "rationality" that's used as the tool instead of [God](god.md) and religion, however the results are the same. Soyence is not about listening to what science says, it is about listetning to what *"reputable scientists"* say, and of course not questioning them; soyence is what the typical reddit [atheist](atheism.md) or [tiktok](tiktok.md) [feminist](feminism.md) believes science is or what Neil De Grass Tyson tells you science is. While science is about collecting facts and drawing conclusions, soyence is about setting conclusions and finding or fabricating facts that support them. One red flag about soyence is a great weight put on **reputation** -- in true science reputation plays no role, only results do; reputation and its great value for one's acceptance is rather part of politics. Soyence calls itself the one and only science^TM and [gatekeeps](gatekeeping.md) the term by calling unpopular science (such as that regarding human [race](race.md), questioning official versions of [historical](history.md) events or safety of big pharma [vaccines](vaccine.md)) "[pseudoscience](pseudoscience.md)" and "[conspiracy theories](conspiracy_theory.md)". Soyence itself is pseudoscience but it has an official status, approval of [state](state.md), strong connection to [politics](politics.md), it is mainstream, popular, controlled by those in power, [censored](censorship.md) ("moderated") and intentionally misleading. Soyence can be encountered in much of [academia](academia.md), on [Wikipedia](wikipedia.md) and in other popular/mainstream media such as TV "documentaries" and [YouTube](youtube.md). A soyence supporter wrongfully believes that reason wouldn't allow such a large scale mass population manipulation (despite this happening over and over throughout history) -- people at large aren't reasonable and reason [cannot](yes_they_can.md) beat [propaganda](propaganda.md).
 
 Compared to good old [fun](fun.mf) pseudosciences such as [astrology](astrology.md) and [flat Earth](flat_earth.md), soyence is extra sneaky by purposefully trying to blend in with real science, i.e. within a certain truly scientific field, such as biology, there is a soyentific [cancer](cancer.md) mixed in by activists, corporations and state, that may be hard to separate for common folk and many times even for pros. This is extremely [harmful](harmful.md) as in the eyes of retarded people (basically everyone) the neighboring legit science gives credibility to propaganda bullshit. There is a tendency to think we somehow magically live in a time that's fundamentally different from other times in history in which it is now a pretty clear and uncontroversial fact that the name of science was abused hard by propaganda, almost everyone easily accepts that historically politically constructed lies were presented as confirmed by science, but somehow people refuse to believe it could be the case nowadays. In times of Nazism there was no doubt about race being a completely scientific term and that Jews were scientifically confirmed to be the inferior race -- nowadays in times when anti Nazis have won and politics is based on denying existence of race somehow scientists start to magically find evidence that no such thing as race has ever existed -- how convenient! And just in case you wanted to check if it's actually true, you'll be labeled a racist and you won't find job ever again.
 

temple_os.md

@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ In his video blogs Terry talked about how technology became spoiled and that Tem
 
 Temple OS source code has over 100000 [LOC](loc.md). It is publicly available and said to be in the [public domain](public_domain.md), however there is no actual [license](license.md)/waiver in the repository besides some lines such as "100% public domain" which are legally questionable and likely ineffective (see [licensing](license.md)).
 
+There still seems to be some people developing the OS and applications for it, e.g. Crunklord420.
+
 ## See Also
 
 - [Timecube](timecube.md)

unix.md

@@ -2,9 +2,18 @@
 
 *"Those who don't know Unix are doomed to reinvent it, poorly."* --obligatory quote by Henry Spencer
 
-Unix is an [old](old.md) [operating system](operating_system.md) developed since 1960s as a research project of [Bell Labs](bell_labs.md), which has become one of the most influential pieces of software in history and whose principles (e.g. the [Unix philosophy](unix_philosophy.md)) live on in many so called  Unix-like operating systems such as [Linux](linux.md) and [BSD](bsd.md) (at least to some degree). The original system itself is no longer in use, the name UNIX is nowadays a trademark and a certification. However, as someone once said, *Unix is not so much an operating system as a way of thinking*.
+Unix (plurar *Unixes* or *Unices*) is an [old](old.md) [operating system](operating_system.md) developed since 1960s as a research project of [Bell Labs](bell_labs.md), which has become one of the most influential pieces of software in history and whose principles (e.g. the [Unix philosophy](unix_philosophy.md), [everything is a file](everything_is_a_file.md), ...) live on in many so called  Unix-like operating systems such as [Linux](linux.md) and [BSD](bsd.md) (at least to some degree). The original system itself is no longer in use (it was later followed by a new project, [plan9](plan9.md), which itself is now pretty old), the name UNIX is nowadays a [trademark](trademark.md) and a certification. However, as someone once said, *Unix is not so much an operating system as a way of thinking*.
 
-Unix has reached the highest level a software can reach: it has transcended its implementation and became a [de facto standard](de_facto_standard.md). This means it has become a set of interface conventions, cultural and philosophical ideas rather than being a single system, it lives on as a concept that has many implementations. This is extremely important as we don't depend on any single Unix implementation but we have a great variety of choice between which we can switch without greater issues. This is very important for [freedom](freedom.md) -- it prevents monopolization -- and its one of the important reasons to use unix-like systems.
+In one aspect Unix has reached the highest level a software can strive for: it has transcended its implementation and became a [de facto standard](de_facto_standard.md). This means it has become a set of interface conventions, "paradigms", [cultural](culture.md) and philosophical ideas rather than being a single system, it lives on as a concept that has many implementations. This is extremely important as we don't depend on any single Unix implementation but we have a great variety of choice between which we can switch without greater issues. This is very important for [freedom](freedom.md) -- it prevents monopolization -- and its one of the important reasons to use unix-like systems.
+
+The main highlights of Unix are possibly these:
+
+- **[Unix philosophy](unix_philosophy.md)**: a kind of general mindset of software development, usually summed up as **"do one things well"** (rather than ["do everything but poorly"](windows_philosophy.md)) and "make programs work in collaboration with other programs", advising on using universal text interfaces for communication etc. This often comes with the idea of **[pipes](pipe.md)**, a way of chaining programs (typically using the pipe `|` operator, hence the name) by sending one program's output to other program's input.
+- **[everything is a file](everything_is_a_file.md)**: Unix chose to use the [file](file.md) abstraction to enable universal communication of programs with hardware and among themselves, i.e. on unices most things such as printing, reading keyboard, networking etc. will be likely implemented as reading or writing to/from some special (sometimes just virtual) file. This has the advantage of being able to just use some file reading library or syscall, not having to access physical memory bits in memory, which may be difficult, unsafe etc.
+- Text centrism (great [command line](cli.md) preference), value on [portability](portability.md) (even over performance), sharing of source code, freedom of information and openness, connection to [hacker culture](hacking.md), valuing human time over machine time, ...
+- ...
+
+Unix is greatly connected to software [minimalism](minimalism.md), however most unices are still not minimalist to absolute extreme and many unix forks (e.g. [GNU](gnu.md)/[Linux](linux.md)) just abandon minimalism as a priority. So the question stands: **is Unix [LRS](lrs.md) or is it too [bloated](bloat.md)?** The answer to this will be similar to our stance towards the [C](c.md) language (which itself was developed alongside Unix); from our point of view Unix -- i.e. its concepts and some of their existing implementations -- is relatively good, there is a lot of wisdom to take away (e.g. "do one thing well", modularity, "use text interfaces", ...), however these are intermixed with things which under more strict minimalism we may want to abandon (e.g. "everything is a file" requires we buy into the file [abstraction](abstraction.md) and will often also imply existence of a file system etc., which may be unnecessary), so in some ways we see Unix as a temporary "[least evil](least_evil.md)" tool on our way to truly good, extremely minimalist technology. [DuskOS](duskos.md) is an example of operating system more close to the final idea of LRS. But for now Unix is very cool, some Unix-like systems are definitely a good choice nowadays.
 
 ## History
 

usa.md

@@ -41,5 +41,6 @@ Here is a comparison of average European country before and after infestation wi
 | [art](art.md) and culture     | good                       | none                      |
 | [toxicity](toxic.md)          | rare                       | extreme                   |
 | [technology](tech.md)         | fine                       | worst in history          |
+| plastic surgery abominations  | no                         | yes                       |
 | wanted to commit suicide      | no                         | yes                       |
 | society worked                | kinda                      | no                        |

wiki_post_mortem.md

@@ -10,4 +10,5 @@ I am hoping to possibly get a few more years of writing, however eventually [thi
 - Keep the work accessible, at least in the underground; if it can't be on clearnet, keep it on on the dark net, on torrents, print it out on paper etc. I hereby thank you for doing this.
 - Keep improving the work, add more articles, correct errors, translate it etc. Again, thank you.
 - **This work will be modified with malicious intents** by those who dislike it, it will either be censored by removing what they deem unacceptable, or it will be changed so as to rather help promote their views; they will put words in my mouth to make it seem I supported something I actually opposed, to make me seem more insane than I actually was etc. -- again, forget I existed, view the ideas and judge them by clear logic; logic will help you reveal any edits made to this work, as this work is build on top of pure truth and logic, it is impossible to change something so as to keep it fitting in.
+- Also, especially for the readers in further [future](future.md), remember the message of this work will naturally be becoming more obscured and distorted just by the change of [human language](human_language.md) itself. Words slightly change meanings and sometimes shift by a lot, slight contemporary connotations and associations get lost and new ones arise so the meaning of every single word I use nowadays may differ significantly from your meaning of the word (this is always a problem with trying to understand ancient texts, see e.g. interpretations of [Bible](bible.md), quotes of [Jesus](jesus.md) and so on). Just as with intentional distortions though, logic should help you reveal them. This text is meant to point in the direction of truth and if it gets fuzzy, the direction will be more unclear, but you should be able to tell if it's pointing in the wrong direction because you can look there and you will simply find nothing.
 - Remember to not become like them, do not use violence, do not become a fascist, do not fight them or wish them ill, be loving and peaceful, help everyone and be selfless. If against my advice you still choose to keep some memory of me, then please mainly remember that I loved you :) <3

wiki_stats.md

@@ -2,8 +2,9 @@
 
 This is an autogenerated article holding stats about this wiki.
 
-- number of articles: 538
-- total size of all texts in bytes: 2744658
+- number of articles: 540
+- number of commits: 660
+- total size of all texts in bytes: 2781369
 
 longest articles:
 
@@ -16,62 +17,70 @@ longest articles:
  36K faq.md
  32K 3d_rendering.md
  32K game.md
+ 28K mechanical.md
  28K procgen.md
- 28K compression.md
 ```
 
 latest changes:
 
 ```
-Date:   Fri Jan 12 04:25:07 2024 +0100
-feminism.md
-game.md
-mechanical.md
-wiki_pages.md
-wiki_stats.md
-Date:   Thu Jan 11 23:31:02 2024 +0100
-bloat.md
-capitalism.md
-how_to.md
-mechanical.md
-wiki_pages.md
-wiki_stats.md
-Date:   Wed Jan 10 15:57:16 2024 +0100
-left_right.md
-wiki_stats.md
-Date:   Wed Jan 10 14:44:40 2024 +0100
-bit_hack.md
-bloat.md
-encryption.md
-fight.md
-fight_culture.md
+Date:   Mon Jan 22 21:56:05 2024 +0100
+anarch.md
+books.md
+chasm_the_rift.md
+computer.md
+doom.md
+history.md
 jokes.md
-left_right.md
-lgbt.md
+lrs_wiki.md
+nigger.md
+race.md
+soyence.md
+wiki_pages.md
+wiki_stats.md
+woman.md
+youtube.md
+Date:   Sat Jan 20 16:34:04 2024 +0100
+bloat.md
+linux.md
+main.md
+portability.md
+reactionary_software.md
+wiki_pages.md
+wiki_stats.md
+Date:   Fri Jan 19 21:05:03 2024 +0100
+bloat.md
+chess.md
+copyright.md
+jokes.md
+nc.md
+needed.md
+ram.md
+usa.md
 ```
 
 most wanted pages:
 
 ```
-ram.md
-meme.md
-buddhism.md
 array.md
+meme.md
+embedded.md
+data_type.md
+buddhism.md
 quake.md
 irl.md
 gpu.md
 gpl.md
 drm.md
-data_type.md
 waiver.md
 syntax.md
 rpi.md
 pointer.md
 html.md
-embedded.md
 cryptography.md
 cpu.md
-turing_complete.md
+trademark.md
 sdl.md
+pascal.md
 ```
 

woman.md

@@ -71,11 +71,14 @@ In the related field of [free culture](free_culture.md) there is a notable woman
 Here is a list of almost all historically notable women:
 
 - **[Ada Lovelace](ada_lovelace)**: female nobleman who didn't have to work, once scribbled a note to a notebook about a computer made by a man. For this she enjoys endless glory among [feminists](feminism.md).
+- **Agatha Christie**: one of the most famous UK writers, wrote books such as *Ten Little Niggers*, one day went nuts and ran somewhere into woods.
 - **Beth Harmon**: female who was as good at chess as men, also a completely fictional character who never existed.
 - **Elizabeth II**: queen of [England](uk.md), managed to stay alive for a long time.
 - **[Elizabeth Holmes](elizabeth_holmes.md)**: cringe and creepy psychopath who obsessively tried to imitate [Steve Jobs](steve_jobs.md), started a huge [corporation](corporation.md) and manipulated uncountable people into a huge fraud, sentenced to 11 years in jail.
 - **Emily Wilding Davison**: injured an innocent horse by jumping under it in a protest.
-- **Helen of Troy**: cause the Troy war.
+- **Helen of Troy**: caused the Troy war.
+- **Hermione Granger**: smart girl, also fictional (these two attributes seem to go together in girls).
+- **Joan of Arc**: militant nationalist [fascist](fascism.md), basically Christian [jihadist](jihad.md).
 - **Judit Polgar**: best non-fictional female [chess](chess.md) player that at her peak managed the incredible feat of ranking #56 in the world while actually existing.
 - **[Marie Curie](marie_curie.md)**: this one was actually probably quite skilled and based, won two Nobel Prizes (at the time when there were no diversity quotas so it actually counts), though she probably stole most of her work from her husband. She was quite ugly tho.
 - **Olga Hepnarova**: ran over 8 people with a truck, later executed.

youtube.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ A [FOSS](foss.md) alternative to YouTube is e.g. [PeerTube](peertube.md), a fede
 
 In November 2021 YouTube removed the dislike count on videos so as to make it impossible to express dislike or disagreement with their propaganda as people naturally started to dislike the exponentially skyrocketing shit and immorality of content [corporations](corporation.md) and [SJWs](sjw.md) started to force promote on YouTube (such as that infamous Lord of the Rings series with ["afro american"](nigger.md) dwarves that got like a billion dislikes [lmao](lmao.md)). In other words capitalism has made it to the stage of banning disagreement when people started to dislike the horse shit they're being force fed. This was met with a wave of universal criticism but of course YouTube told people to shut up and keep consuming that horse excrement -- of course [zoomers](zoomer.md) are just brainless zombies dependent on YouTube like a street whore on heroin so they just accepted that recommendation. Orwell would definitely be happy to see this.
 
-[LMAO](lmao.md), as of 2022 YouTube has become the **kingdom of [clickbait](clickbait.md)**. If you're living in the future and haven't seen this, you wouldn't believe how ridiculously fucked up it is, the platform is quite literally UNUSABLE (but it's still consumable and addictive to idiots so it [works](just_werks.md)) -- ALL videos, including (and especially) those of the "serious" YouTubers (like mr. Veritasium), put absolutely misleading and downright made up lying thumbnails and titles, the videos have [zero](zero.md) [correlation](correlation.md) with how they're presented. Additionally the majority of thumbnails has to be occupied by some [femoid](femoid.md)'s breasts, even "educational [science](soyence.md) videos", so as to force children to click it and masturbate (YouTube can really be seen as a soft [porn](porn.md) site now). Everyone has to do it because [everyone does it](everyone_does_it.md). In other words capitalism is once again working as expected. Yeah and also **ALL videos include sponsored content**, again even the "educational science videos" that children are forced to watch at schools etc. -- this is in addition to "normal" ads that randomly play during the videos.
+[LMAO](lmao.md), as of 2022 YouTube has become the **kingdom of [clickbait](clickbait.md)**. If you're living in the future and haven't seen this, you wouldn't believe how ridiculously fucked up it is, the platform is quite literally UNUSABLE (but it's still consumable and addictive to idiots so it [works](just_werks.md)) -- ALL videos, including (and especially) those of the "serious" YouTubers (like mr. Veritasium), put absolutely misleading and downright made up lying thumbnails and titles, the videos have [zero](zero.md) [correlation](correlation.md) with how they're presented. Additionally the majority of thumbnails has to be occupied by some [femoid](femoid.md)'s breasts, even "educational [science](soyence.md) videos", so as to force children to click it and masturbate (YouTube can really be seen as a soft [porn](porn.md) site now). Everyone has to do it because [everyone does it](everyone_does_it.md). The YouTube slave shitheads are constantly bothering you and trying to trick you into "audience interaction" because that's what the algorithm pushes them to do with threats of starvation ("I think 1 + 1 = 3, please let me know in the comments if you disagree"). YouTube is not a place to find something useful, it's a place mostly littered by traps set up to exploit you and you can only hope to maybe get something small back for letting yourself be raped (well, basically like in any other for profit place). In other words [capitalism](capitalism.md) is once again working as expected. Yeah and also **ALL videos include sponsored content**, again even the "educational science videos" that children are forced to watch at schools etc. -- this is in addition to "normal" ads that randomly play during the videos.
 
 A typical 2022 YouTube video now looks like this: