commit ccad3de32df8eee9b8c365c6150b132f9f2d4ffa
Author: Andrew Brookins <andrew.brookins@redislabs.com>
Date:   Mon Aug 30 18:08:07 2021 -0700

    WIP on basic non-relational model functionality

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1d4e9fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+# Byte-compiled / optimized / DLL files
+__pycache__/
+*.py[cod]
+*$py.class
+
+# C extensions
+*.so
+
+# Distribution / packaging
+.Python
+build/
+develop-eggs/
+dist/
+downloads/
+eggs/
+.eggs/
+lib/
+lib64/
+parts/
+sdist/
+var/
+wheels/
+pip-wheel-metadata/
+share/python-wheels/
+*.egg-info/
+.installed.cfg
+*.egg
+MANIFEST
+
+# PyInstaller
+#  Usually these files are written by a python script from a template
+#  before PyInstaller builds the exe, so as to inject date/other infos into it.
+*.manifest
+*.spec
+
+# Installer logs
+pip-log.txt
+pip-delete-this-directory.txt
+
+# Unit test / coverage reports
+htmlcov/
+.tox/
+.nox/
+.coverage
+.coverage.*
+.cache
+nosetests.xml
+coverage.xml
+*.cover
+*.py,cover
+.hypothesis/
+.pytest_cache/
+
+# Translations
+*.mo
+*.pot
+
+# Django stuff:
+*.log
+local_settings.py
+db.sqlite3
+db.sqlite3-journal
+
+# Flask stuff:
+instance/
+.webassets-cache
+
+# Scrapy stuff:
+.scrapy
+
+# Sphinx documentation
+docs/_build/
+
+# PyBuilder
+target/
+
+# Jupyter Notebook
+.ipynb_checkpoints
+
+# IPython
+profile_default/
+ipython_config.py
+
+# pyenv
+.python-version
+
+# pipenv
+#   According to pypa/pipenv#598, it is recommended to include Pipfile.lock in version control.
+#   However, in case of collaboration, if having platform-specific dependencies or dependencies
+#   having no cross-platform support, pipenv may install dependencies that don't work, or not
+#   install all needed dependencies.
+#Pipfile.lock
+
+# PEP 582; used by e.g. github.com/David-OConnor/pyflow
+__pypackages__/
+
+# Celery stuff
+celerybeat-schedule
+celerybeat.pid
+
+# SageMath parsed files
+*.sage.py
+
+# Environments
+.env
+.venv
+env/
+venv/
+ENV/
+env.bak/
+venv.bak/
+
+# Spyder project settings
+.spyderproject
+.spyproject
+
+# Rope project settings
+.ropeproject
+
+# mkdocs documentation
+/site
+
+# mypy
+.mypy_cache/
+.dmypy.json
+dmypy.json
+
+# Pyre type checker
+.pyre/
+data
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+# Redis Developer Python
+
+redis-developer-python is a high-level library containing useful Redis
+abstractions and tools, like an ORM and leaderboard.
+
+
+## ORM/ODM
+
+redis-developer-python includes an ORM/ODM.
+
+
+### Declarative model classes
+
+```pyhon
+import decimal
+import datetime
+from typing import Optional
+
+from redis import Redis
+
+from redis_developer.orm import (
+   RedisModel,
+   Field,
+   Relationship
+)
+
+db = Redis()
+
+
+# Declarative model classes
+class BaseModel(RedisModel):
+   config:
+   database = db
+
+
+class Address(BaseModel):
+   address_line_1: str
+   address_line_2: str
+   city: str
+   country: str
+   postal_code: str
+
+
+class Order(BaseModel):
+   total: decimal.Decimal
+   currency: str
+   created_on: datetime.datetime
+
+
+class Member(BaseModel):
+   # An auto-incrementing primary key is added by default if no primary key
+   # is specified.
+   id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
+   first_name: str
+   last_name: str
+   email: str = Field(unique=True, index=True)
+   zipcode: Optional[int]
+   join_date: datetime.date
+
+   # Creates an embedded document: stored as hash fields or JSON document.
+   address: Address
+
+   # Creates a relationship to data in separate Hash or JSON documents.
+   orders: Relationship(Order, backref='recommended',
+                        field_name='recommended_by')
+
+   # Creates a self-relationship.
+   recommended_by: Relationship('Member', backref='recommended',
+                                field_name='recommended_by')
+
+   class Meta:
+      key_pattern = "member:{id}"
+
+
+# Validation
+
+# Raises ValidationError: last_name is required
+Member(
+   first_name="Andrew",
+   zipcode="97086",
+   join_date=datetime.date.today()
+)
+
+# Passes validation
+Member(
+   first_name="Andrew",
+   last_name="Brookins",
+   zipcode="97086",
+   join_date=datetime.date.today()
+)
+
+# Raises ValidationError: zipcode is not a number
+Member(
+   first_name="Andrew",
+   last_name="Brookins",
+   zipcode="not a number",
+   join_date=datetime.date.today()
+)
+
+# Persist a model instance to Redis
+member = Member(
+   first_name="Andrew",
+   last_name="Brookins",
+   zipcode="97086",
+   join_date=datetime.date.today()
+)
+# Assign the return value to get any auto-fields filled in,
+# like the primary key (if an auto-incrementing integer).
+member = member.save()
+
+# Hydrate a model instance from Redis using the primary key.
+member = Member.get(d=1)
+
+# Hydrate a model instance from Redis using a secondary index on a unique field.
+member = Member.get(email="a.m.brookins@gmail.com")
+
+# What if the field wasn't unique and there were two "a.m.brookins@gmail.com"
+# entries?
+# This would raise a MultipleObjectsReturned error:
+member = Member.get(Member.email == "a.m.brookins@gmail.com")
+
+# What if you know there might be multiple results? Use filter():
+members = Member.filter(Member.last_name == "Brookins")
+
+# What if you want to only return values that don't match a query?
+members = Member.exclude(last_name="Brookins")
+
+# You can combine filer() and exclude():
+members = Member.filter(last_name="Brookins").exclude(first_name="Andrew")
+```
+
+
+### Serialization and validation based on model classes
+### Save a model instance to Redis
+### Get a single model instance from Redis
+### Update a model instance in Redis
+### Batch/bulk insert and updates
+### Declarative index creation and automatic index management
+### Declarative “primary key”
+### Declarative relationships (via Sorted Sets) or Embedded documents (JSON)
+### Exact-value queries on indexed fields
+### Ad-hoc numeric range and full-text queries (RediSearch)
+### Aggregations (RediSearch)
+
+### Unanswered Questions
+
+What's the difference between these two forms?
+
+```python
+from redis_developer.orm import (
+   RedisModel,
+   indexed,
+   unique
+)
+
+
+class Member(RedisModel):
+   email: unique(str)
+   email: indexed(str)
+
+   # email: Indexed[str]  <- Probably not possible?
+   # email: IndexedStr  <- This is how constrained types work in Pydantic
+
+   class Meta:
+      primary_key = "id"
+      indexes = ["email"]  # <- How about this?
+```
+
+It appears that Pydantic uses functions when declaring the type requires some
+kind of parameter. E.g., the max and min values for a constrained numeric
+field.
+
+Indexing probably requires, in some cases, parameters... so it should be a
+function, probably. And in general, function vs. class appears to be only a case
+of whether parameters are required.
+
+1. unique() and indexed() require lots of work.
+2. IndexedStr - what does that even mean exactly?
+3. indexes = [] - Here, we could hook into class-level validation and add logic
+   to make sure that any indexed values were unique. Right?
+   
+### Unique checking
+
+When is the right time to check if e.g. an email field is unique in Redis?
+
+If we check on instantiation of the model, we'll still need to check again when
+we save the model.
+
+
+### Field() vs constrained int, etc.
+
+Pydantic includes field helpers like constr, etc. that apply a schema to values.
+On top of that, we'll have a Field() helper that includes options common to all
+data types possible for a field.
+
+This is where we'll track if we should index a field, verify uniqueness, etc.
+But for facts like numeric constraints, we'll rely on Pydantic.
+
+
+### Automatic fields
+
+Redis doesn't have server-side automatic values, dates, etc. So we don't need to
+worry about refreshing from the server to get the automatically-created values.
+
+As soon as someone saves a model, we, the ORM, will have created the automatic
+values, so we can just set them in the model instance.
diff --git a/poetry.lock b/poetry.lock
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..04271f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/poetry.lock
@@ -0,0 +1,495 @@
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+    {file = "traitlets-5.0.5.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:178f4ce988f69189f7e523337a3e11d91c786ded9360174a3d9ca83e79bc5396"},
+]
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+    {file = "typing_extensions-3.10.0.0.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:50b6f157849174217d0656f99dc82fe932884fb250826c18350e159ec6cdf342"},
+]
+wcwidth = [
+    {file = "wcwidth-0.2.5-py2.py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:beb4802a9cebb9144e99086eff703a642a13d6a0052920003a230f3294bbe784"},
+    {file = "wcwidth-0.2.5.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:c4d647b99872929fdb7bdcaa4fbe7f01413ed3d98077df798530e5b04f116c83"},
+]
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c8569a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+[tool.poetry]
+name = "redis-developer-python"
+version = "0.1.0"
+description = "A high-level library containing useful Redis abstractions and tools, like an ORM and leaderboard."
+authors = ["Andrew Brookins <andrew.brookins@redislabs.com>"]
+license = "MIT"
+
+[tool.poetry.dependencies]
+python = "^3.9"
+redis = "^3.5.3"
+aioredis = "^2.0.0"
+pydantic = "^1.8.2"
+
+[tool.poetry.dev-dependencies]
+pytest = "^6.2.4"
+ipdb = "^0.13.9"
+
+[build-system]
+requires = ["poetry-core>=1.0.0"]
+build-backend = "poetry.core.masonry.api"
diff --git a/redis_developer/__init__.py b/redis_developer/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/redis_developer/orm/__init__.py b/redis_developer/orm/__init__.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..34a5671
--- /dev/null
+++ b/redis_developer/orm/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+from .model import (
+    RedisModel,
+    Relationship,
+    Field
+)
diff --git a/redis_developer/orm/connections.py b/redis_developer/orm/connections.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0124d33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/redis_developer/orm/connections.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+import redis
+
+
+def get_redis_connection() -> redis.Redis:
+    return redis.Redis()
diff --git a/redis_developer/orm/encoders.py b/redis_developer/orm/encoders.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8b2fbd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/redis_developer/orm/encoders.py
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+"""
+This file adapted from FastAPI's encoders.
+
+Licensed under the MIT License (MIT).
+
+Copyright (c) 2018 Sebastián Ramírez
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+THE SOFTWARE.
+"""
+
+import dataclasses
+from collections import defaultdict
+from enum import Enum
+from pathlib import PurePath
+from types import GeneratorType
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, List, Optional, Set, Tuple, Union
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+from pydantic.json import ENCODERS_BY_TYPE
+
+SetIntStr = Set[Union[int, str]]
+DictIntStrAny = Dict[Union[int, str], Any]
+
+
+def generate_encoders_by_class_tuples(
+    type_encoder_map: Dict[Any, Callable[[Any], Any]]
+) -> Dict[Callable[[Any], Any], Tuple[Any, ...]]:
+    encoders_by_class_tuples: Dict[Callable[[Any], Any], Tuple[Any, ...]] = defaultdict(
+        tuple
+    )
+    for type_, encoder in type_encoder_map.items():
+        encoders_by_class_tuples[encoder] += (type_,)
+    return encoders_by_class_tuples
+
+
+encoders_by_class_tuples = generate_encoders_by_class_tuples(ENCODERS_BY_TYPE)
+
+
+def jsonable_encoder(
+    obj: Any,
+    include: Optional[Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny]] = None,
+    exclude: Optional[Union[SetIntStr, DictIntStrAny]] = None,
+    by_alias: bool = True,
+    exclude_unset: bool = False,
+    exclude_defaults: bool = False,
+    exclude_none: bool = False,
+    custom_encoder: Dict[Any, Callable[[Any], Any]] = {},
+    sqlalchemy_safe: bool = True,
+) -> Any:
+    if include is not None and not isinstance(include, (set, dict)):
+        include = set(include)
+    if exclude is not None and not isinstance(exclude, (set, dict)):
+        exclude = set(exclude)
+    if isinstance(obj, BaseModel):
+        encoder = getattr(obj.__config__, "json_encoders", {})
+        if custom_encoder:
+            encoder.update(custom_encoder)
+        obj_dict = obj.dict(
+            include=include,  # type: ignore # in Pydantic
+            exclude=exclude,  # type: ignore # in Pydantic
+            by_alias=by_alias,
+            exclude_unset=exclude_unset,
+            exclude_none=exclude_none,
+            exclude_defaults=exclude_defaults,
+        )
+        if "__root__" in obj_dict:
+            obj_dict = obj_dict["__root__"]
+        return jsonable_encoder(
+            obj_dict,
+            exclude_none=exclude_none,
+            exclude_defaults=exclude_defaults,
+            custom_encoder=encoder,
+            sqlalchemy_safe=sqlalchemy_safe,
+        )
+    if dataclasses.is_dataclass(obj):
+        return dataclasses.asdict(obj)
+    if isinstance(obj, Enum):
+        return obj.value
+    if isinstance(obj, PurePath):
+        return str(obj)
+    if isinstance(obj, (str, int, float, type(None))):
+        return obj
+    if isinstance(obj, dict):
+        encoded_dict = {}
+        for key, value in obj.items():
+            if (
+                (
+                    not sqlalchemy_safe
+                    or (not isinstance(key, str))
+                    or (not key.startswith("_sa"))
+                )
+                and (value is not None or not exclude_none)
+                and ((include and key in include) or not exclude or key not in exclude)
+            ):
+                encoded_key = jsonable_encoder(
+                    key,
+                    by_alias=by_alias,
+                    exclude_unset=exclude_unset,
+                    exclude_none=exclude_none,
+                    custom_encoder=custom_encoder,
+                    sqlalchemy_safe=sqlalchemy_safe,
+                )
+                encoded_value = jsonable_encoder(
+                    value,
+                    by_alias=by_alias,
+                    exclude_unset=exclude_unset,
+                    exclude_none=exclude_none,
+                    custom_encoder=custom_encoder,
+                    sqlalchemy_safe=sqlalchemy_safe,
+                )
+                encoded_dict[encoded_key] = encoded_value
+        return encoded_dict
+    if isinstance(obj, (list, set, frozenset, GeneratorType, tuple)):
+        encoded_list = []
+        for item in obj:
+            encoded_list.append(
+                jsonable_encoder(
+                    item,
+                    include=include,
+                    exclude=exclude,
+                    by_alias=by_alias,
+                    exclude_unset=exclude_unset,
+                    exclude_defaults=exclude_defaults,
+                    exclude_none=exclude_none,
+                    custom_encoder=custom_encoder,
+                    sqlalchemy_safe=sqlalchemy_safe,
+                )
+            )
+        return encoded_list
+
+    if custom_encoder:
+        if type(obj) in custom_encoder:
+            return custom_encoder[type(obj)](obj)
+        else:
+            for encoder_type, encoder in custom_encoder.items():
+                if isinstance(obj, encoder_type):
+                    return encoder(obj)
+
+    if type(obj) in ENCODERS_BY_TYPE:
+        return ENCODERS_BY_TYPE[type(obj)](obj)
+    for encoder, classes_tuple in encoders_by_class_tuples.items():
+        if isinstance(obj, classes_tuple):
+            return encoder(obj)
+
+    errors: List[Exception] = []
+    try:
+        data = dict(obj)
+    except Exception as e:
+        errors.append(e)
+        try:
+            data = vars(obj)
+        except Exception as e:
+            errors.append(e)
+            raise ValueError(errors)
+    return jsonable_encoder(
+        data,
+        by_alias=by_alias,
+        exclude_unset=exclude_unset,
+        exclude_defaults=exclude_defaults,
+        exclude_none=exclude_none,
+        custom_encoder=custom_encoder,
+        sqlalchemy_safe=sqlalchemy_safe,
+    )
diff --git a/redis_developer/orm/model.py b/redis_developer/orm/model.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8a72309
--- /dev/null
+++ b/redis_developer/orm/model.py
@@ -0,0 +1,390 @@
+import datetime
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from enum import Enum
+from typing import (
+    AbstractSet,
+    Any,
+    Callable,
+    Dict,
+    Mapping,
+    Optional,
+    Set,
+    Tuple,
+    Type,
+    TypeVar,
+    Union,
+    Sequence, ClassVar, TYPE_CHECKING, no_type_check,
+)
+
+import redis
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+from pydantic.fields import FieldInfo as PydanticFieldInfo
+from pydantic.fields import ModelField, Undefined, UndefinedType
+from pydantic.main import BaseConfig, ModelMetaclass, validate_model
+from pydantic.typing import NoArgAnyCallable, resolve_annotations
+from pydantic.utils import Representation
+
+from .encoders import jsonable_encoder
+from .util import uuid_from_time
+
+_T = TypeVar("_T")
+
+
+class RedisModelError(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+class NotFoundError(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+class Operations(Enum):
+    EQ = 1
+    LT = 2
+    GT = 3
+
+
+@dataclass
+class Expression:
+    field: ModelField
+    op: Operations
+    right_value: Any
+
+
+class ExpressionProxy:
+    def __init__(self, field: ModelField):
+        self.field = field
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> Expression:
+        return Expression(field=self.field, op=Operations.EQ, right_value=other)
+
+    def __lt__(self, other: Any) -> Expression:
+        return Expression(field=self.field, op=Operations.LT, right_value=other)
+
+    def __gt__(self, other: Any) -> Expression:
+        return Expression(field=self.field, op=Operations.GT, right_value=other)
+
+
+def __dataclass_transform__(
+    *,
+    eq_default: bool = True,
+    order_default: bool = False,
+    kw_only_default: bool = False,
+    field_descriptors: Tuple[Union[type, Callable[..., Any]], ...] = (()),
+) -> Callable[[_T], _T]:
+    return lambda a: a
+
+
+class FieldInfo(PydanticFieldInfo):
+    def __init__(self, default: Any = Undefined, **kwargs: Any) -> None:
+        primary_key = kwargs.pop("primary_key", False)
+        nullable = kwargs.pop("nullable", Undefined)
+        foreign_key = kwargs.pop("foreign_key", Undefined)
+        index = kwargs.pop("index", Undefined)
+        unique = kwargs.pop("unique", Undefined)
+        super().__init__(default=default, **kwargs)
+        self.primary_key = primary_key
+        self.nullable = nullable
+        self.foreign_key = foreign_key
+        self.index = index
+        self.unique = unique
+
+
+class RelationshipInfo(Representation):
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        *,
+        back_populates: Optional[str] = None,
+        link_model: Optional[Any] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        self.back_populates = back_populates
+        self.link_model = link_model
+
+
+def Field(
+    default: Any = Undefined,
+    *,
+    default_factory: Optional[NoArgAnyCallable] = None,
+    alias: str = None,
+    title: str = None,
+    description: str = None,
+    exclude: Union[
+        AbstractSet[Union[int, str]], Mapping[Union[int, str], Any], Any
+    ] = None,
+    include: Union[
+        AbstractSet[Union[int, str]], Mapping[Union[int, str], Any], Any
+    ] = None,
+    const: bool = None,
+    gt: float = None,
+    ge: float = None,
+    lt: float = None,
+    le: float = None,
+    multiple_of: float = None,
+    min_items: int = None,
+    max_items: int = None,
+    min_length: int = None,
+    max_length: int = None,
+    allow_mutation: bool = True,
+    regex: str = None,
+    primary_key: bool = False,
+    unique: bool = False,
+    foreign_key: Optional[Any] = None,
+    nullable: Union[bool, UndefinedType] = Undefined,
+    index: Union[bool, UndefinedType] = Undefined,
+    schema_extra: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
+) -> Any:
+    current_schema_extra = schema_extra or {}
+    field_info = FieldInfo(
+        default,
+        default_factory=default_factory,
+        alias=alias,
+        title=title,
+        description=description,
+        exclude=exclude,
+        include=include,
+        const=const,
+        gt=gt,
+        ge=ge,
+        lt=lt,
+        le=le,
+        multiple_of=multiple_of,
+        min_items=min_items,
+        max_items=max_items,
+        min_length=min_length,
+        max_length=max_length,
+        allow_mutation=allow_mutation,
+        regex=regex,
+        primary_key=primary_key,
+        unique=unique,
+        foreign_key=foreign_key,
+        nullable=nullable,
+        index=index,
+        **current_schema_extra,
+    )
+    field_info._validate()
+    return field_info
+
+
+def Relationship(
+    *,
+    back_populates: Optional[str] = None,
+    link_model: Optional[Any] = None
+) -> Any:
+    relationship_info = RelationshipInfo(
+        back_populates=back_populates,
+        link_model=link_model,
+    )
+    return relationship_info
+
+
+@__dataclass_transform__(kw_only_default=True, field_descriptors=(Field, FieldInfo))
+class RedisModelMetaclass(ModelMetaclass):
+    __redismodel_relationships__: Dict[str, RelationshipInfo]
+    __config__: Type[BaseConfig]
+    __fields__: Dict[str, ModelField]
+
+    # From Pydantic
+    def __new__(cls, name, bases, class_dict: dict, **kwargs) -> Any:
+        relationships: Dict[str, RelationshipInfo] = {}
+        dict_for_pydantic = {}
+        original_annotations = resolve_annotations(
+            class_dict.get("__annotations__", {}), class_dict.get("__module__", None)
+        )
+        pydantic_annotations = {}
+        relationship_annotations = {}
+        for k, v in class_dict.items():
+            if isinstance(v, RelationshipInfo):
+                relationships[k] = v
+            else:
+                dict_for_pydantic[k] = v
+        for k, v in original_annotations.items():
+            if k in relationships:
+                relationship_annotations[k] = v
+            else:
+                pydantic_annotations[k] = v
+        dict_used = {
+            **dict_for_pydantic,
+            "__weakref__": None,
+            "__redismodel_relationships__": relationships,
+            "__annotations__": pydantic_annotations,
+        }
+        # Duplicate logic from Pydantic to filter config kwargs because if they are
+        # passed directly including the registry Pydantic will pass them over to the
+        # superclass causing an error
+        allowed_config_kwargs: Set[str] = {
+            key
+            for key in dir(BaseConfig)
+            if not (
+                key.startswith("__") and key.endswith("__")
+            )  # skip dunder methods and attributes
+        }
+        pydantic_kwargs = kwargs.copy()
+        config_kwargs = {
+            key: pydantic_kwargs.pop(key)
+            for key in pydantic_kwargs.keys() & allowed_config_kwargs
+        }
+        new_cls = super().__new__(cls, name, bases, dict_used, **config_kwargs)
+        new_cls.__annotations__ = {
+            **relationship_annotations,
+            **pydantic_annotations,
+            **new_cls.__annotations__,
+        }
+        return new_cls
+
+
+@dataclass
+class PrimaryKey:
+    name: str
+    field: ModelField
+
+
+class DefaultMeta:
+    global_key_prefix: Optional[str] = None
+    model_key_prefix: Optional[str] = None
+    primary_key_pattern: Optional[str] = None
+    database: Optional[redis.Redis] = None
+    primary_key: Optional[PrimaryKey] = None
+
+
+class RedisModel(BaseModel, metaclass=RedisModelMetaclass):
+    """
+    TODO: Convert expressions to Redis commands, execute
+    TODO: Key prefix vs. "key pattern" (that's actually the primary key pattern)
+    TODO: Default key prefix is model name lowercase
+    TODO: Build primary key pattern from PK field name, model prefix
+    TODO: Default PK pattern is model name:pk field
+    """
+    pk: Optional[str] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
+
+    class Config:
+        orm_mode = True
+        arbitrary_types_allowed = True
+        extra = 'allow'
+
+    Meta = DefaultMeta
+
+    def __init_subclass__(cls, **kwargs):
+        # Create proxies for each model field so that we can use the field
+        # in queries, like Model.get(Model.field_name == 1)
+        super().__init_subclass__(**kwargs)
+
+        for name, field in cls.__fields__.items():
+            setattr(cls, name, ExpressionProxy(field))
+            # Check if this is our FieldInfo version with extended ORM metadata.
+            if isinstance(field.field_info, FieldInfo):
+                if field.field_info.primary_key:
+                    cls.Meta.primary_key = PrimaryKey(name=name, field=field)
+                if not hasattr(cls.Meta, 'primary_key_pattern'):
+                    cls.Meta.primary_key_pattern = f"{cls.Meta.primary_key.name}:{{pk}}"
+
+    def __init__(__pydantic_self__, **data: Any) -> None:
+        # Uses something other than `self` the first arg to allow "self" as a
+        # settable attribute
+        if TYPE_CHECKING:
+            __pydantic_self__.__dict__: Dict[str, Any] = {}
+            __pydantic_self__.__fields_set__: Set[str] = set()
+
+        values, fields_set, validation_error = validate_model(
+            __pydantic_self__.__class__, data
+        )
+
+        if validation_error:
+            raise validation_error
+
+        __pydantic_self__.validate_primary_key()
+
+        object.__setattr__(__pydantic_self__, '__dict__', values)
+
+    @classmethod
+    @no_type_check
+    def _get_value(cls, *args, **kwargs) -> Any:
+        """
+        Always send None as an empty string.
+
+        TODO: How broken is this?
+        """
+        val = super()._get_value(*args, **kwargs)
+        if val is None:
+            return ""
+        return val
+
+    @classmethod
+    def validate_primary_key(cls):
+        """Check for a primary key. We need one (and only one)."""
+        primary_keys = 0
+        for name, field in cls.__fields__.items():
+            if field.field_info.primary_key:
+                primary_keys += 1
+
+        # TODO: Automatically create a primary key field instead?
+        if primary_keys == 0:
+            raise RedisModelError("You must define a primary key for the model")
+        elif primary_keys > 1:
+            raise RedisModelError("You must define only one primary key for a model")
+
+    @classmethod
+    def key(cls, part: str):
+        global_prefix = getattr(cls.Meta, 'global_key_prefix', '')
+        model_prefix = getattr(cls.Meta, 'model_key_prefix', '')
+        return f"{global_prefix}{model_prefix}{part}"
+
+    @classmethod
+    def get(cls, pk: Any):
+        # TODO: Getting related objects
+        pk_pattern = cls.Meta.primary_key_pattern.format(pk=str(pk))
+        print("GET ", cls.key(pk_pattern))
+        document = cls.db().hgetall(cls.key(pk_pattern))
+        if not document:
+            raise NotFoundError
+        return cls.parse_obj(document)
+
+    def delete(self):
+        # TODO: deleting relationships
+        pk = self.__fields__[self.Meta.primary_key.field.name]
+        pk_pattern = self.Meta.primary_key_pattern.format(pk=pk)
+        return self.db().delete(self.key(pk_pattern))
+
+    @classmethod
+    def db(cls):
+        return cls.Meta.database
+
+    @classmethod
+    def filter(cls, *expressions: Sequence[Expression]):
+        return cls
+
+    @classmethod
+    def exclude(cls, *expressions: Sequence[Expression]):
+        return cls
+
+    @classmethod
+    def add(cls, models: Sequence['RedisModel']) -> Sequence['RedisModel']:
+        return [model.save() for model in models]
+
+    @classmethod
+    def update(cls, **field_values):
+        return cls
+
+    @classmethod
+    def values(cls):
+        """Return raw values from Redis instead of model instances."""
+        return cls
+
+    def save(self) -> 'RedisModel':
+        pk_field = self.Meta.primary_key.field
+        document = jsonable_encoder(self.dict())
+        pk = document[pk_field.name]
+
+        if not pk:
+            pk = str(uuid_from_time(datetime.datetime.now()))
+            setattr(self, pk_field.name, pk)
+            document[pk_field.name] = pk
+
+        pk_pattern = self.Meta.primary_key_pattern.format(pk=pk)
+        success = self.db().hset(self.key(pk_pattern), mapping=document)
+        return success
+
+    Meta = DefaultMeta
+
+    def __init__(self, **data: Any) -> None:
+        """Validate that a model instance has a primary key."""
+        super().__init__(**data)
diff --git a/redis_developer/orm/util.py b/redis_developer/orm/util.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7e44959
--- /dev/null
+++ b/redis_developer/orm/util.py
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+# Adapted from the Cassandra Python driver.
+#
+# Copyright DataStax, Inc.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+import calendar
+import random
+import uuid
+
+
+def uuid_from_time(time_arg, node=None, clock_seq=None):
+    """
+    Converts a datetime or timestamp to a type 1 :class:`uuid.UUID`.
+
+    :param time_arg:
+      The time to use for the timestamp portion of the UUID.
+      This can either be a :class:`datetime` object or a timestamp
+      in seconds (as returned from :meth:`time.time()`).
+    :type datetime: :class:`datetime` or timestamp
+
+    :param node:
+      None integer for the UUID (up to 48 bits). If not specified, this
+      field is randomized.
+    :type node: long
+
+    :param clock_seq:
+      Clock sequence field for the UUID (up to 14 bits). If not specified,
+      a random sequence is generated.
+    :type clock_seq: int
+
+    :rtype: :class:`uuid.UUID`
+
+    """
+    if hasattr(time_arg, 'utctimetuple'):
+        seconds = int(calendar.timegm(time_arg.utctimetuple()))
+        microseconds = (seconds * 1e6) + time_arg.time().microsecond
+    else:
+        microseconds = int(time_arg * 1e6)
+
+    # 0x01b21dd213814000 is the number of 100-ns intervals between the
+    # UUID epoch 1582-10-15 00:00:00 and the Unix epoch 1970-01-01 00:00:00.
+    intervals = int(microseconds * 10) + 0x01b21dd213814000
+
+    time_low = intervals & 0xffffffff
+    time_mid = (intervals >> 32) & 0xffff
+    time_hi_version = (intervals >> 48) & 0x0fff
+
+    if clock_seq is None:
+        clock_seq = random.getrandbits(14)
+    else:
+        if clock_seq > 0x3fff:
+            raise ValueError('clock_seq is out of range (need a 14-bit value)')
+
+    clock_seq_low = clock_seq & 0xff
+    clock_seq_hi_variant = 0x80 | ((clock_seq >> 8) & 0x3f)
+
+    if node is None:
+        node = random.getrandbits(48)
+
+    return uuid.UUID(fields=(time_low, time_mid, time_hi_version,
+                             clock_seq_hi_variant, clock_seq_low, node), version=1)
diff --git a/test.py b/test.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..57b1a50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test.py
@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+import decimal
+import datetime
+from typing import Optional, List
+
+import redis
+from pydantic import ValidationError
+
+from redis_developer.orm import (
+    RedisModel,
+    Field,
+    Relationship,
+)
+
+
+# Declarative model classes
+
+class BaseRedisModel(RedisModel):
+    class Meta:
+        database = redis.Redis(password="my-password", decode_responses=True)
+        model_key_prefix = "redis-developer:"
+
+
+class Address(BaseRedisModel):
+    address_line_1: str
+    address_line_2: Optional[str]
+    city: str
+    country: str
+    postal_code: str
+
+
+class Order(BaseRedisModel):
+    total: decimal.Decimal
+    currency: str
+    created_on: datetime.datetime
+
+
+class Member(BaseRedisModel):
+    first_name: str
+    last_name: str
+    email: str = Field(unique=True, index=True)
+    join_date: datetime.date
+
+    # Creates an embedded document: stored as hash fields or JSON document.
+    address: Address
+
+    # Creates a relationship to data in separate Hash or JSON documents.
+    orders: Optional[List[Order]] = Relationship(back_populates='member')
+
+    # Creates a self-relationship.
+    recommended_by: Optional['Member'] = Relationship(back_populates='recommended')
+
+    class Meta(BaseRedisModel.Meta):
+        model_key_prefix = "member"
+        primary_key_pattern = ""
+
+
+# Validation
+
+address = Address(
+    address_line_1="1 Main St.",
+    city="Happy Town",
+    state="WY",
+    postal_code=11111,
+    country="USA"
+)
+
+# Raises ValidationError: last_name, address are required
+try:
+    Member(
+        first_name="Andrew",
+        zipcode="97086",
+        join_date=datetime.date.today()
+    )
+except ValidationError as e:
+    pass
+
+
+# Raises ValidationError: join_date is not a date
+try:
+    Member(
+        first_name="Andrew",
+        last_name="Brookins",
+        join_date="yesterday"
+    )
+except ValidationError as e:
+    pass
+
+
+# Passes validation
+member = Member(
+    first_name="Andrew",
+    last_name="Brookins",
+    email="a@example.com",
+    address=address,
+    join_date=datetime.date.today()
+)
+
+exit()
+
+# Save a model instance to Redis
+
+address.save()
+
+address2 = Address.get(address.pk)
+assert address2 == address
+
+
+exit()
+
+# Save a model with relationships (TODO!)
+
+member.save()
+
+
+# Save many model instances to Redis
+today = datetime.date.today()
+members = [
+    Member(
+        first_name="Andrew",
+        last_name="Brookins",
+        email="a@example.com",
+        address=address,
+        join_date=today
+    ),
+    Member(
+        first_name="Kim",
+        last_name="Brookins",
+        email="k@example.com",
+        address=address,
+        join_date=today
+    )
+]
+Member.add(members)
+
+# Get a model instance from Redis using the primary key.
+member = Member.get(1)
+
+
+# Update a model instance in Redis
+member.first_name = "Brian"
+member.last_name = "Sam-Bodden"
+member.save()
+
+# Or, with an implicit save:
+member.update(first_name="Brian", last_name="Sam-Bodden")
+
+# Or, affecting multiple model instances with an implicit save:
+Member.filter(Member.last_name == "Brookins").update(last_name="Sam-Bodden")
+
+
+# Exact-value queries on indexed fields
+
+# What if the field wasn't unique and there were two "a@example.com"
+# entries? This would raise a MultipleObjectsReturned error:
+member = Member.get(Member.email == "a.m.brookins@gmail.com")
+
+# What if you know there might be multiple results? Use filter():
+members = Member.filter(Member.last_name == "Brookins")
+
+# What if you want to only return values that don't match a query?
+members = Member.exclude(Member.last_name == "Brookins")
+
+# You can combine filer() and exclude():
+members = Member.filter(Member.last_name == "Brookins").exclude(
+    Member.first_name == "Andrew")