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information.md

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 *Information wants to be free.*
 
-Information (from Latin *informare*: shape/describe/represent) is knowledge that can be used for making decisions. Information is interpreted [data](data.md), i.e. while data itself may not give us any information, e.g. if they're [encrypted](encryption.md) and we don't know the key or if we simply don't know what the data signifies or implies, information emerges once we make sense of the data (someone once put information in this relationship: data leads to information, information leads to knowledge and knowledge leads to [wisdom](wisdom.md)). Information is contained e.g in [books](book.md), on the [Internet](internet.md), in nature, and we access it through our senses. [Computers](computer.md) can be seen as machines for processing information and since the computer revolution information has become the focus of our society; we often encounter terms such as [information technology](it.md), informatics, information war, information age etc. [Information theory](information_theory.md) is a [scientific field](science.md) studying information.
+Information (from Latin *informare*: shape/describe/represent) is knowledge that can be used for making reasonable decisions. Information stands for interpreted [data](data.md), i.e. while data itself may not give us any information, e.g. if it's [encrypted](encryption.md) with unknown key or if we simply have no clue what the data signifies or implies, information emerges once we make sense of the data (someone once placed information in this relationship: data leads to information, information leads to knowledge and knowledge leads to [wisdom](wisdom.md)). Information is contained e.g in [books](book.md), on the [Internet](internet.md), in nature, and we access it through our senses. [Computers](computer.md) can be seen as machines for processing information and since the computer revolution information has become the focus of our society; we commonly encounter terms such as [information technology](it.md), informatics, information war, information age etc. [Information theory](information_theory.md) is a [scientific field](science.md) studying information.
 
-**Information wants to be [free](free_culture.md)**, i.e. it is free naturally unless we decide to limit its spread with [shit](shit.md) like [intellectual property](intellectual_property.md) laws. What does "free" mean? It is the miraculous property of information that allows us to duplicate it basically without any cost. Once we have certain information, we may share it with others without having to give up our own knowledge of the information. A file on a computer can be copied to another computer without deleting the file on the original computer. This is unlike with physical products which if we give to someone, we lose them ourselves. Imagine if you could make a piece of bread and then duplicate it infinitely for the whole world -- information works like this! We see it as a crime to want to restrict such a miracle. We may also very nicely store information in our heads. For all this information is [beautiful](beauty.md). It is sometimes discussed whether information is created or discovered -- if a mathematician comes up with an equation, is it his creation or simply his discovery of something that belongs to the nature and that has always been there? This question isn't so important because whatever terms we use, we at [LRS](lrs.md) decide to create, spread and freely share information without limiting it in any way, i.e. neither discovery nor invention should give rise to any kind of [property](property.md).
+**Information wants to be [free](free_culture.md)** -- unlike any other kind of commodity it is free naturally unless we stupidly decide to limit its spread and exchange with [malice](shit.md) such as [intellectual property](intellectual_property.md) laws. What do we mean by "free"? That plain but miraculous property of information which allows us to duplicate it without any significant cost. Once we have certain information, we may share it with others without having to give up our own knowledge of the information -- **we give but suffer no loss**! Copying a file from one computer to another won't delete the file from the original computer. This is unlike with physical objects which if given to someone are lost to the giver. Imagine if you could make a piece of bread and then duplicate it infinitely for the whole world -- information works like this! We see it as a crime to want to restrict such a miracle. We may also very nicely store information in our heads. For all this information is [beautiful](beauty.md). It is sometimes discussed whether information is created or discovered -- if a mathematician comes up with an equation, is it his creation or simply his discovery of something that belongs to the nature and that has always been there? This question isn't so important because whatever terms we use, we at [LRS](lrs.md) decide to create, spread and freely share information without limiting it in any way, i.e. neither discovery nor invention should give rise to any kind of [property](property.md).
 
 In [computer science](compsci.md) the basic unit of information amount is 1 **[bit](bit.md)** (for *binary digit*), also known as [shannon](shannon.md). It represents a choice of two possible options, for example an answer to a *yes/no* question (with each answer being equally likely), or one of two [binary](binary.md) digits: 0 or 1. From this we derive higher units such as [bytes](byte.md) (8 bits), [kilobytes](memory_units.md) (1000 bytes) etc. Other units of information include [nat](nat.md) or [hart](hart.md). With enough bits we can encode any information including text, sounds and images. For this we invent various [formats](file_format.md) and encodings with different properties: some encodings may for example contain [redundancy](redundancy.md) to ensure the encoded information is preserved even if the data is partially lost. Some encodings may try to hide the contained information (see [encryption](encryption.md), [obfuscation](obfuscation.md), [steganography](steganography.md)). For processing information we create [algorithms](algorithm.md) which we usually execute with [computers](computer.md). We may store information (contained in data) in physical media such as [books](book.md), computer [memory](memory.md) or computer storage media such as [CDs](cd.md), or even with traditional potentially [analog](analog.md) media such as photographs.