less_retarded_wiki/atan.md
Miloslav Ciz ff1da66b9c Update
2022-07-05 15:26:04 +02:00

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# Arcus Tangent
Arcus tangent, written as *atan* or *tan^-1*, is the inverse [function](function.md) to the [tangent](tan.md) function. For given argument *x* (any real number) it returns a number *y* (from -[pi](pi.md)/2 to pi/2) such that *tan(y) = x*.
**Approximation**: Near 0 *atan(x)* can very rougly be approximated simply by *x*. For a large argument *atan(x)* can be approximated by *pi/2 - 1/x* (as *atan*'s [limit](limit.md) is pi/2). The following formula { created by me ~drummyfish } approximates atan with a [poylnomial](polynomial.md) for non-negative argument with error smaller than 2%:
*atan(x) ~= (x * (2.96088 + 4.9348 * x))/(3.2 + 3.88496 * x + pi * x^2)*
```
| y
pi/2 +
| _..---''''''
| _.''
| .'
-----------.+'-+--+--+--+--+--> x
_.' |0 1 2 3 4 5
_-' |
.--'' |
-pi/2 +
|
```
*plot of atan(x)*