8.0 KiB
Encyclopedia
Encyclopedia (also encyclopaedia, cyclopedia or cyclopaedia, from Greek enkyklios paideia, roughly "general education") is a large book (or a series of books) providing structured summary of wide knowledge in one or many fields of knowledge (such as mathematics, history, engineering, general knowledge etc.), usually structured as a collection of alphabetically ordered articles on terms used in the field. Paper encyclopedias are oftentimes printed in several volumes as the amount of contained information is too great for a single book. The largest and most famous encyclopedia to date is the online Wikipedia created by volunteers in free culture spirit, however Wikipedia suffers from significant issues such as censorship, high political propaganda and low quality of writing, therefore it is important to also stay interested in other encyclopedias such as Britannica or LRS wiki.
Similar terms: encyclopedias, which also used to be called cyclopedias in the past, are similar to dictionaries and these works often overlap (many encyclopedias call themselves dictionaries); the main difference is that a dictionary focuses on providing linguistic information about the terms and has shorter term definitions, while encyclopedias have longer articles (which however limits the total number of terms it may contain). Encyclopedias are also a subset of so called reference works, i.e. works that serve to provide information and reference to it (other kinds of reference works being e.g. world maps or API references). A universal/general encyclopedia is one that focuses on human knowledge at wide, as opposed to an encyclopedia that focuses on one specific field of knowledge. Compendium can be seen almost as a synonym to encyclopedia, with encyclopedias perhaps usually being more general and extensive.
Notable/Nice Encyclopedias
Here is a list of notable encyclopedias, focused on general knowledge English language ones that are preferrably publicly available (or easy to get).
{ See also https://wikiindex.org/. ~drummyfish }
| name | year | legal status | format | ~articles | comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Britannica 11th edition | 1910 | PD (old) | 29 vol. | 40K | legendary enc., part of "Big Three", digitized (gutenberg, txt), uncensored facts on race etc. |
| Britannica online | ...now | proprietary | online | 130K | bloated, high quality articles, ads |
| Citizendium | 2006... | proprietary? (NC) | online | 18K | Wikipedia alternative, censored, faggots have unclear license |
| Collier's New Encyclopedia | 1921 | PD (old) | 10 vol. | NOT TO BE CONFUSED with Collier's Encyclopedia (different one), digitized on Wikisource (txt) | |
| Conservaedia | 2006... | proprietary | online | 52K | American fascist wiki, has basic factual errors |
| Desk Reference Encyclopedia | 1995 | proprietary | 1 vol. 800p | 200K? | by James Hughes, nice illustrations, quality articles { I bought this, it's nice. ~drummyfish } |
| Domestic Encyclopaedia | 1802 | PD (old) | 4 vol. | shorter articles, partially digitized on Wikisource | |
| Encyclopedia Americana | 1820... | PD (old) | ~30 vol. | longer articles, part of "Big Three", several editions (1906, 1920) partially digitized on Wikisource | |
| Encyclopedia Dramatica | 2004... | PD (CC0) | online | 15K | informal/fun/"offensive" but valuable info (on society, tech, ...), basically no censorship, no propaganda |
| Google Knol | ~2010 | proprietary | online | failed online enc. by Google, archived on archive.org | |
| Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia | 2003 | proprietary | CD | ||
| Illustrated Family Encyclopedia | 1997 | proprietary | 2 vol. 920p | 5K | kid-friendly, nice pictures, USA bias, piratable |
| Infogalactic | 2016... | CC BY-SA | online | 2M | Wikipedia fork, no SJW censorship, FOR PROFIT (you can buy article control lol), can't make accounts |
| LRS wiki | 2021... | PD (CC0) | online/elec. | 500 | best encyclopedia, focused on tech/society, no censorship |
| Metapedia | 2006... | GFDL | online | 7K | Wikipedia fork, online, no SJW censorship, ATM limited account creation, "pro-European" fascism |
| Microsoft Encarta | ...2009 | proprietary | electronic | 62K | Micro$oft enc., low quality articles (errors), MS propaganda (no free software etc. lol), is on archive.org |
| Simple English Wikipedia | 2001... | CC BY-SA | online | 200K | Wikipedia with simpler language and simpler explanations, censored |
| The New American Cyclopaedia | 1879 | PD (old) | 16 vol. | partially digitized on Wikisource (txt) | |
| The New International Encyc. | 1905 | PD (old) | 20 vol. | partially digitized on Wikisource | |
| The Nuttall Encyclopaedia | 1907 | PD (old) | 1 vol. | 16K | short articles, oldschool, digitized (gutenberg) |
| Vikidia | 2006... | CC BY-SA | online | 4K | "Wikipedia for kids", probably as censored as Wikipedia |
| Webster's Unabridged Dictionary | 1864 | PD (old) | paper | 476K | short descriptions, digitized (gutenberg) |
| Wikipedia | 2001... | CC BY-SA | online | 6M | largest and most famous, EXTREME PSEUDOLEFTIST CENSORSHIP AND POLITICAL PROPAGANDA, free culture |
| Old Wikipedia | 2001 | GFDL | online | 19K | archived old Wikipedia, less censorship, https://nostalgia.wikipedia.org |
| Pears' Cyclopedia | 1897 | PD (old) | 1 vol. 740p | contains dictionary, general knowl. maps, reference etc., scanned on archive.org | |
| The World Book | 1917... | proprietary | 22 vol. | 17K | best selling print enc., large, probably high quality |
| The World Book 1917 | 1917 | PD (old) | 8 vol. | 3K | nicely readable |
| Uncyclopedia | 2005... | proprietary (NC) | online | 37K | parody, fun enc. |